内部人控制与公司治理结构的失效——基于转轨时期我国国有公司治理结构失效的特殊原因剖析

我国国有公司治理结构主要存在内部人控制 ,股东会和监事会形同虚设 ,董事会不能有效行使决策权 ,监督机制失效和激励机制不足等问题。导致这些问题产生的原因除发达市场经济国家所具有的一般原因外 ,更主要的是我国经济转轨过程中的股权结构不合理 ,缺乏现代公司治理观念以及政府对企业在行政上的“超强控制”和在产权上的“超弱控制”等特殊原因     

编辑法律规范论略

编辑法律规范由涉及编辑工作的一系列法律、法令、条例、标准等有关条款规定构成 ,具有明显的权威性和强制性特点。作为精神生产活动 ,编辑工作应严格遵守《宪法》及党和国家的各项方针政策 ,坚持正确的政治方向 ,坚持三审稿件制度 ,保守党和国家秘密 ;要充分尊重并保护作者的著作权 ,准确把握对他人作品的合理使用。遵守编辑法律规范 ,关键在于编辑人员树立自觉、牢固的法律意识 ,学习并掌握足够的法律知识。     

我国交通经济转型期的交通政策

我国交通经济已经正处在从初步运输化向完善运输化转变的重要时期，交通经　济发展表现出新的矛盾。本文认为工国交通政策的目标和内容缺乏明确性和完整性。现阶　段我国交通　政策主要应围绕着交通市场政策、交通投资政策、交通调整政策和交通补助政策等内容展开　，建立我国新型的交通政策体系。     

Population Policy in Early Victorian England

This paper argues that the generally-held belief that there was no population policy in Great Britain during its fertility transition is incorrect. There were, in fact, clear and implicit and explicit policies in place by the early 19th Century which aimed at reducing population growth. These were negative, involving elimination of family allowances (the famous Poor Laws), and also positive, through subsidised emigration and ``transportation' of felons to the colonies. Moreover, a changed ``ideation' on the part of the nation's political, intellectual and spiritual leaders, changed norms about marriage and child-bearing, raising sharply the perceived economic and psychic cost of children. Lacking acceptable means to control pregnancies, many working class women resorted to abortion, infanticide and child abandonment to reduce their family size. The policy's actual impact on overall fertility is uncertain but it did constitute a deliberate attempt by society to affect demographic behaviour and outcomes.     

论改进我国企业环境信息报告

我国企业环境信息报告存在的问题是报告目标单一,内容不完整,模式不规范。在可持续发展战略条件下,企业既要向政府主管部门提供环境信息报告,也应向投资者、债权人、社会公众等提供企业环境影响信息。因此,有必要改进企业环境信息报告。主要措施包括:培养和提高信息使用者的环境意识,开展可持续发展教育;健全法制环境,加大环境监管力度;发挥会计职业界的作用,鼓励会计师事务所开展环境信息审计业务。     

论中国实施战略性贸易政策的必要性及可能性

中国现行的“有管理的贸易自由化”阻碍了产业结构的优化,有必要实施战略性贸易政策。目前,中国实施战略性贸易政策的内部及外部约束条件已经可以得到满足,如中国可以充分利用WTO各项协议的例外条款和对发展中国家的特殊待遇,另外,中国也可以逐步满足不完全竞争市场结构与规模经济效应条件以及良好的市场经济运行体制条件。     

试析19世纪末20世纪初德国外交政策转变的经济动因

19世纪末20世纪初,统一后的德国无论从经济发展还是社会变化都已发展为一个现代意义上的工业化国家,作为上层建筑的基础,它也必然会促使德国外交政策的转变。     

1989年以来澳大利亚多元文化政策的发展评析

澳大利亚多元文化政策产生于1973年,在1989年被确立为基本国策。此后,多元文化政策得到澳大利亚历届政府不断的坚持和改进,并在原则和措施等方面出现了一些新的发展趋势。这些适时的变化促进了澳大利亚社会的宽容与和谐。     

The Role of Cancer Risk in the Regulation of Industrial Pollution

The extent of carcinogen regulation under existing U.S. environmental statutes is assessed by developing measures of the scope and stringency of regulation. While concern about cancer risk has played an important political role in obtaining support for pollution control programs, it has not provided the predominant rationale for most regulatory actions taken to date. Less than 20% of all standards established to limit concentrations of chemicals in various media address carcinogens. Restrictions on chemical use are more frequently based on concerns about noncancer human health or ecological effects. Of the chemicals in commercial use which have been identified as potential human carcinogens on the basis of rodent bioassays, only a small proportion are regulated. There is an inverse relationship between the scope of regulatory coverage and the stringency of regulatory requirements: the largest percentages of identified carcinogens are affected by the least stringent requirements, such as information disclosure. Standards based on de minimis cancer risk levels have been established for only 10% of identified carcinogens and are restricted to one medium: water. Complete bans on use have affected very few chemicals. The general role that carcinogenicity now plays in the regulatory process is not dramatically different from that of other adverse human health effects: if a substance is identified as a hazard, it may eventually be subject to economically achievable and technically feasible restrictions.     

我国城市交通可持续发展初探

本文首先给出了城市交通发展与城市交通环境影响互动机理的计算公式 ,在此基础上提出了城市交通环境损害治理的完整逻辑体系 ,然后结合我国的实际情况 ,从环境经济与技术经济的角度出发 ,就我国城市交通的可持续发展发表了相关看法。