灞河史诗与顿河史诗的本土化特色——陈忠实与肖洛霍夫之比较研究

陈忠实与肖洛霍夫的生活时代、民族文化心理和地域人文环境有异有同。＂史诗＂型巨著《白鹿原》与《静静的顿河》以及＂史诗＂型巨著之外的小说创作多至本土化特征。陈忠实小说创作与肖洛霍夫小说艺术之间有血肉联系,二者之间联系的形成主要缘由是两人都一样生活在人民大众之中,都一样生活在社会主义国度之中。     

How Parenting Style Affects False Belief Understanding

This study investigated whether mothers facilitate false belief understanding, and if so, what strategies are particularly relevant. The mothers of 64 3- and 4-year-olds were given questionnaires eliciting information about mother's education, mother's occupation, number of younger and older siblings, the time the child spends with mother, and about how mothers deal with five disciplinary situations with their child. Three variables were positively correlated with belief understanding: age, number of older siblings, and number of times mothers said they would respond to the disciplinary situations by asking the child to reflect on the victim's feelings (How Feel responses). These three variables had an independent effect on belief understanding because each was significant after accounting for the influence due to the other two variables. In contrast, there was no significant positive relation between belief understanding and mothers who engaged their child in general discussion and exploration of the disciplinary issues, or who simply reprimanded the child without discussing the situation. The effects for number of older siblings and How Feel responses remained even after the influence due to the child's age, verbal mental age, time spent with the mother, and number of younger siblings was accounted for. The results are consistent with recent research showing that parent-child relations may be important for theory of mind understanding. More importantly, they provide insight into a specific strategy by which parents may help children learn about mental states.     

诗的弥撒——浅议阿赫玛托娃诗歌中宗教性的表现

在阿赫玛托娃整个创作生涯中,诗人都采用过《圣经》里的情节,像“祈祷、上帝”等宗教词语在其诗歌作品中比比皆是。俄罗斯民族具有深厚的宗教传统,正是有着宗教的支撑,俄罗斯人才敢于直面残酷的现实并表现出惊人的忍耐力,诗人将宗教题材引入诗歌主要目的是为了表现诗人所生活的那个多灾多难的年代。通过这种艺术方法,来扩大所描写事件的意义,加重悲剧气氛。     

试论屈原《九歌》为“祭事歌”

历代楚辞学家以屈原《九歌》为“祭祀歌”,然考屈原的身份、《九歌》的词采、祭祀的礼仪,与此说多有不符。《九歌》当为“祭事歌”,即为一场祭祀之后的记叙与抒情,而非“祭祀歌”。结合史料考察这场祭祀的时间、原由、主祭者等因素,可更加有力地证明屈原《九歌》为“祭事歌”。     

超越西化——论胡秋原的西方文化观及其意义

胡秋原根据历史事实指出,中国文化曾经长期领先于西方文化,这种格局在17世纪才发生逆转。通过广泛深入研究西方文化,他认为西方文化在近四百年发展繁荣的后期已经陷入深刻危机,并进而危及整个人类;导致西方文化危机的原因在于资本主义、科学主义畸变为势利主义、虚无主义,而近代西方启蒙价值在这种文化背景中或根本未能落实,或发生扭曲,故对于这种文化必须予以扬弃的超越。胡秋原揭露西方文化危机的主要目的在于矫正本国西化人物崇西贬中甚至趋西弃中的心态,由此表达的"超越西化"思想具有不容忽视的现实意义。     

辛亥革命后广东近代城市的发展(1911-1936)

辛亥革命后,由于实业发展和民国政府的推动,广东城市化进入一个新的发展阶段。城镇及城镇人口的增加、城镇人口在总人口中的比重、城市经济积聚的程度等因素,是衡量城市化水平的重要尺度,以此为标准来看,南粤的城市化在民国前期取得了显著的成效。     

Cross‐Sectional Psychological and Demographic Associations of Zika Knowledge and Conspiracy Beliefs Before and After Local Zika Transmission

Perceptions of infectious diseases are important predictors of whether people engage in disease‐specific preventive behaviors. Having accurate beliefs about a given infectious disease has been found to be a necessary condition for engaging in appropriate preventive behaviors during an infectious disease outbreak, while endorsing conspiracy beliefs can inhibit preventive behaviors. Despite their seemingly opposing natures, knowledge and conspiracy beliefs may share some of the same psychological motivations, including a relationship with perceived risk and self‐efficacy (i.e., control). The 2015–2016 Zika epidemic provided an opportunity to explore this. The current research provides some exploratory tests of this topic derived from two studies with similar measures, but different primary outcomes: one study that included knowledge of Zika as a key outcome and one that included conspiracy beliefs about Zika as a key outcome. Both studies involved cross‐sectional data collections that occurred during the same two periods of the Zika outbreak: one data collection prior to the first cases of local Zika transmission in the United States (March–May 2016) and one just after the first cases of local transmission (July–August). Using ordinal logistic and linear regression analyses of data from two time points in both studies, the authors show an increase in relationship strength between greater perceived risk and self‐efficacy with both increased knowledge and increased conspiracy beliefs after local Zika transmission in the United States. Although these results highlight that similar psychological motivations may lead to Zika knowledge and conspiracy beliefs, there was a divergence in demographic association.     

从龙母传说看西江文化

龙母文化是西江古民俗文化核心部分。本文阐述了龙母文化及其历史背景,并对西江乃至整个岭南地区发生了巨大的文化福射作用,产生了深远的影响。     

朱子理学与古典儒家礼教

以往学者在探讨朱子理学与古典儒家礼教的关系时,往往侧重强调二者的差异性,而较少关注二者的承继关系。本文认为,朱子理学的形成在很大程度上是源于他对于古代礼教在当时已丧失之状况的回应,朱子的宗旨是重建古代礼教,而不是另创一种新异的哲学,只不过,当时由于社会环境的改变,他的诠释与重建也必然在传统礼教的基础上对其有所增损。朱子理学对于传统礼教而言,更多的是增补的作用,而非取代。由此我们也可以更深入地了解清代礼理之辨的实质。     

奥古斯丁与尘世政治的价值——关于第三座城的争论

奥古斯丁在《上帝之城》中提出了著名的两城说,即认为人类历史就是上帝之城与魔鬼之城斗争的历史。但奥古斯丁研究界的学者一直在争论,是否还会有第三座城?这个问题的实质是,尘世政治有没有德性的含义?笔者认为,奥古斯丁并不承认有第三座城。在他看来,尘世政治只能是罪恶的产物,其功能永远是有限的。这成为中世纪以来西方政治思想的基本观念。