良性互动的民族关系是国家稳定和发展的重要基础

民族关系是多民族国家面临的影响其发展稳定的重要社会问题。民族关系主要有封闭排斥型、压迫对抗型、平等包容型、融合型四种形式,这些形式主要体现在经济、政治、文化、社会、生态建设领域。我国目前总体处于平等包容型民族关系发展阶段,但新形势下出现了一些不适应平等包容型民族关系发展的问题,值得关注与深思。只有协调各民族利益关系、建立平等包容互助的民族关系、制定符合规律和实际的处理民族关系的政策,才能促进民族关系良性互动。     

美国平权措施的宪法争议--析联邦最高法院的两项判决

美国平权措施,从上一世纪七十年代以来,受到白人挑战,白人提出这是对白人的不平等,违反了宪法的平等权.这一宪法争议特别反映在大学入学政策上.近期,美国联邦最高法院对此作了两项判决:一是"格鲁特对伯林杰"案(Grutter v. Bollinger),针对密歇根大学法学院的入学政策;一是"格拉斯对伯林杰"案(Gratz v. Bollinger),针对密歇根大学部的入学政策.平权措施主要宪法依据是美国宪法第14条修正案.最高法院在适用此项宪法原则时有重要例外,一是为了保护国家利益出发;一是为弥补历史上的歧视后果.最高法院又宣布,凡使用种族作区分标准的法律,必须运用"严格的透视"和"紧迫的利益".据此,上述两项新判决,都有利于"种族多元化"和平权措施.这是美国当前对平权措施宪法争议的最新认定.     

论外购商品短缺与毁损进项税额的会计处理

商品流通企业外购商品在验收入库时,可能由于自然条件或其他原因,会出现商品溢余或短缺,在对其进价进行处理的同时,也应对其增值税进项税额进行不同的会计处理.     

深入实施西部大开发中的地域均衡与民族差异协调——以云南省为例

西部大开发的深入实施面临着如何更好地实现地域均衡与民族平等发展的问题。当前,云南省在发展方面存在人均GDP排名靠后、农村居民人均纯收入全国排名靠后、现代化水平低等问题,其它西部省市的情况也大体相似。因此,新一轮西部大开发中要重视统筹兼顾西部各省区之间的扶持政策的均衡性,要以进一步实现区域均衡和民族差异协调发展为目标,构建以地域、民族、贫困程度这三重因素有机整合的问题评价体系和扶持机制,以实现西部地区的均衡、协调发展。     

An asymptotic distribution-free selection procedure for a two-way layout problem

This paper deals with an asymptotic distribution-free subset selection procedure for a two-way layout problem. The treatment effect with the largest unknown value is of interest to us. The block effect is a nuisance parameter in this problem. The proposed procedure is based on the Hodges-Lehmann estimators of location parameters. The asymptotic relative efficiency of the proposed procedure with the normal means procedure is evaluated. It is shown that the proposed procedure has a high efficiency.     

平台型治理：筑牢城乡基层基础的有效实践机制

筑牢基层基础是“中国之治”的重要秘诀。平台型治理可推动基层社会治理技术变革与制度创新深度融合和良性互动。对陕西省安康市汉阴县“321”基层治理实践研究表明：作为一种新范式,平台型治理通过构建简约高效的治理平台能够驱动政府职能转型升级,推动政府回应社会能力与社会参与治理能力的双重提升。基于技术赋能普通民众并突破时空因素限制使民众更好表达诉求,促进自上而下行政推动与自下而上积极反馈的双向互动;以公共平台为依托积极动员社会力量参与并有效整合治理资源,进而提高治理效能;积极优化治理结构,推动治理重心下沉,促进基层社会秩序与活力的统一。总之要基于民心政治取向强化互动治理,创新政策执行机制以增强末梢治理的敏捷性和实效性,进而有效驱动新时代社会治理共同体的建构。     

Applying a Treatment Effects Model to Investigate Public Amenity Effect on Physical Activity of the Elderly

The increasing elderly population puts significant health, economic, and social burdens on society. Physical activity is one of the most cost-effective ways to maintain the health of the elderly. This study adopts a treatment effects model to investigate the causal relationship between environment attributes and physical activity among the elderly, while taking endogeneity into account. The data were collected from 274 participants by face-to-face interviews in Taichung, Taiwan. Performing physical activity regularly in parks is the most important measure of the amount of physical activity by the elderly. Providing sufficient and accessible parks in metropolitan residential neighborhoods could be one of the most cost-effective ways to promote physical activity for the elderly living in midsize Asian cities.     

Seroadaptive Strategies of Vancouver Gay and Bisexual Men in a Treatment as Prevention Environment

British Columbia’s treatment as prevention policy has provided free access to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) to all HIV-positive provincial residents since 1996. One outcome is an increase in HIV-positive gay and bisexual men (GBM) with suppressed viral loads. Previous cross-sectional analyses indicated that some Vancouver GBM now recognize condomless anal sex with men on HAART who report a suppressed viral load as a seroadaptive strategy. To test the hypothesis that this new strategy, termed viral load sorting (VLS), is recognized and used among by GBM in the Momentum Health Study, we analyzed longitudinal data for HIV-negative/unknown (n = 556) and HIV-positive (n = 218) serostatus participants. Analyses indicated that both groups reported VLS, and that serostatus and Treatment Optimism Scale scores were significant determinants in frequency and use. Results exemplify the medicalization of sex and Rogers’ Diffusion Of Preventative Innovations Model, and they have important implications for HIV research and GBM sexual decision-making.     

From social workers to socio-therapists: the transformative journey of substance abuse therapists

ABSTRACT

The efficiency of interventions in addiction is associated with the processes of practitioners’ professional development. Identity formation is studied extensively for clinical professions but little research focuses on social workers working in addiction settings. This study examined the experience of social workers working in a community treatment network in Greece. Fifteen interviews were conducted with 11 women and 4 men, ranging between 29 and 47 years οf age, who worked in different centers within the network. Data were analyzed following the guidelines of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis, offering in-depth examinations of people’s lived experience. The results delineate a series of transformations in professional identity comprising a process of biographization. The participants highlighted intrapersonal and relational factors that influence this process which leads to self-understanding and engagement with the therapeutic community. The results contribute to deciphering the factors that influence social workers’ experience in their professional identity formation in substance abuse treatment contexts.     

Adolescents in residential treatment: The prevalence of ACEs,substance use and justice involvement

Abstract

Although associations between developmental trauma, juvenile justice involvement and youth substance use have been previously reported in the published literature, the interconnection among these three factors has not been adequately studied. This article describes the interconnection among these three factors and calls for greater attention to the role of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in the diagnosis and treatment of youth who present with histories of substance use and/or offending behavior. Pilot data are presented that show high rates of self-reported trauma exposure, substance use history, justice involvement, and mental health problems in a sample of adolescents in residential treatment. The data point to the need for residential treatment centers to consider trauma histories in developing treatment plans for youth with current and prior substance use and offending behavior.