Semiparametric estimation of treatment effect with density ratio model

In this study we propose a unified semiparametric approach to estimate various indices of treatment effect under the density ratio model, which connects two density functions by an exponential tilt. For each index, we construct two estimating functions based on the model and apply the generalized method of moments to improve the estimates. The estimating functions are allowed to be non smooth with respect to parameters and hence make the proposed method more flexible. We establish the asymptotic properties of the proposed estimators and illustrate the application with several simulations and two real data sets.     

A Leadership Training Group for at Risk Fifth & Seventh Graders: Results from A Brief Strength-Based Group Program

ABSTRACT

An increasing number of youth are exhibiting social, emotional, and behavioral problems that hinder their ability to function at grade level. Subsequently, school mental health services have not been able to address the need for services particularly among students who are minority and poor. A mixed methodology study was conducted to determine the treatment outcomes from a brief strength-based leadership training group for primarily students who are African American and poor. Pre–post scores on three scales and focus group data revealed significant positive changes in regard to internal areas of functioning and social skills, anger management skills, and school attitude. Gender and age significantly impacted outcomes.     

一类污水处理项目的运营与排污者行为动态分析

本文针对污水处理项目运营风险高、企业偷排行为控制难问题,首先依据排污信息和排污价格的波动与否,构建了4种计算实验情景;然后针对各种情景分别设计了污水处理价格形成机制、居民和企业社会属性与行为的变化规则,分析了经济压力、社会影响以及政府监管对排污价格形成、排污者行为变化的影响;最后运用计算实验方法模拟了污水处理项目运营与排污者行为在4种情景下的动态变化。结果表明:合理的静态定价策略要优于运营商动态定价策略;动态外部环境既给污水处理项目的运营带来风险,又给政府对企业的监管带来不便;单纯的市场价格机制或政府监管机制很难有效控制偷排现象,也不一定能实现居民的节水减排,企业和运营商的逐利行为可能会使得目标落空。     

职业教育与普通高中教育收入回报之差异

讨论教育回报时,职业教育和普通高中教育之间所存在的实质性区别往往被学者忽略。本文使用中国家庭动态调查2010年基线调查数据来分析职业教育与普通高中教育在收入回报上的差异。结果表明,在控制教育类型的选择性因素和个人工作经验等变量的情况下,接受职业教育者比接受普通高中教育者有更多的收入回报。不过,收入回报的差异随教育世代而变化,改革开放早期接受职业教育者比接受普通高中教育者拥有较高的回报, 1990年后接受职业教育者的收入回报已没有优势。本文认为,职业教育有回报优势源自于他们在高等教育供给不足的特定历史背景下更有可能从事专业技术性工作,而职业教育回报优势的消失则是因为高校扩招所带来的职业教育文凭价值相对降低。     

A generalized Fleming and Harrington's class of tests for interval‐censored data

The class $G^{\rho,\lambda }$ of weighted log‐rank tests proposed by Fleming & Harrington [Fleming & Harrington (1991) Counting Processes and Survival Analysis, Wiley, New York] has been widely used in survival analysis and is nowadays, unquestionably, the established method to compare, nonparametrically, k different survival functions based on right‐censored survival data. This paper extends the $G^{\rho,\lambda }$ class to interval‐censored data. First we introduce a new general class of rank based tests, then we show the analogy to the above proposal of Fleming & Harrington. The asymptotic behaviour of the proposed tests is derived using an observed Fisher information approach and a permutation approach. Aiming to make this family of tests interpretable and useful for practitioners, we explain how to interpret different choices of weights and we apply it to data from a cohort of intravenous drug users at risk for HIV infection. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 40: 501–516; 2012 © 2012 Statistical Society of Canada     

生物安全实验室活毒废水处理工艺研究

目的在借鉴吸收国外生物安全实验室（BSL）活毒废水处理工艺技术的基础上,结合我国国情,研究开发节能、环保、安全型成套处理技术工艺和设备,实现关键技术和产品国产化。方法处理系统采用序批式工艺,通过高温高压方式消毒灭菌。结果该处理工艺的技术指标：灭菌温度100～150℃（可调）,加热时间≤30rain,灭菌时间30—120min（可调）;处理后排放指标：活微生物为0,温度≤40℃,pH=6～9。结论该处理工艺整体设计简便灵活,符合BSL设计越简单越安全的理念,适合我国国情,可用于生物安全三级、四级实验室（BSL一3,-4）活毒废水处理。     

四联疗法对HP阳性胃溃疡患者的治疗作用及HP清除效果观察

目的 观察四联疗法对幽门螺旋杆菌（HP）阳性胃溃疡患者的治疗作用及HP清除效果.方法 选择我院2012年3月至2013年5月132例HP阳性胃溃疡患者随机分为两组,对照组66例患者采用传统的甲硝唑＋奥美拉唑＋阿莫西林三联法治疗,观察组66例患者采用四联疗法治疗,疗程结束后,对两组患者治疗效果、HP根除率及不良反应进行比较.结果 观察组总有效率为95.45％;对照组总有效率为81.82％;两组治疗前HP均为阳性,治疗后观察组HP阴性49例,转阴率为74.24％,对照组HP阴性38例,转阴率为57.58％,两组比较差异具有显著性（P＜0.05）.两组不良反应发生率分别为4.55％,3.03％,差异无显著性（P＞0.05）.结论 四联疗法对HP阳性胃溃疡患者治愈率高,HP根除彻底,是安全.     

Integrating Art Therapy Methodology in Brief Inpatient Substance Abuse Treatment for Adults

ABSTRACT

Decades of drug addiction research and clinical work have underscored the need for multifaceted and comprehensive treatment responses in order to sufficiently address the varied needs of individuals struggling with addiction. One valuable treatment component that can be incorporated into traditional treatment protocols to expand the comprehensive nature of treatment response is art therapy. A conceptual framework is presented, detailing the integrative opportunities and benefits of including an art therapy component to short-term hospital-based inpatient substance abuse treatment programs. A creative arts component can be particularly beneficial for brief inpatient programs, where the client population is diverse, in crisis, and at high-risk for relapse; and where clinicians need to obtain comprehensive client information from multiple sources in a short amount of time. Art therapy methodology can provide a mechanism for collecting such collateral information for assessment purposes, can be employed to facilitate therapeutic change, and is used to track and document client progress and clinical change over time. Practice guidelines and specific treatment techniques are presented through short case examples.     

Social Support: A Key to Positive Parenting Outcomes for Mothers in Residential Drug Treatment with Their Children

SUMMARY

This study explored parenting experiences of ten mothers residing with their young children in four residential drug treatment facilities in New York City and how these experiences related to the perceived support of the social environment of the facility. Through the lenses of the self-in-relations theory and family-centered service model, the study examined the supportive function of the treatment program including the program structure, the staff, and fellow mothers in affecting the mothers' parenting experience and outcomes. Programmatic, policy, and research implications of the study's findings are discussed.     

Juvenile Offender Recidivism: An Examination of Risk Factors

One hundred and seventy three male juvenile offenders were followed two years postrelease from a residential treatment facility to assess recidivism and factors related to recidivism. The overall recidivism rate was 23.9%. Logistic regression with stepwise and backward variable selection methods was used to examine the relationship between recidivism and nine specific variables: offense type, age at initial involvement in juvenile justice, child welfare system involvement, termination of parental rights, parental criminal history, family support, program completion status, length of treatment stay, and discharge placement. Offender type was the only factor found to have a significant impact on recidivism with general and substance-involved offenders more likely to recidivate than sex offenders. Implications for future research are discussed.