转轨期间财政转移支付制度的区域均衡效应

政府实行财政转移支付制度有多重目标:实现纵向平衡和横向平衡、矫正外溢性及其他经济政治目标。规范的转移支付制度的终极目标追求的是区域间财政能力或公共服务水平均等化。我国现行政府间转移支付制度虽然在实现纵向平衡方面有明显成就,过渡期转移支付办法在一定程度上也有利于区域间财政能力的均衡,但总体而言,从设计到实施,在矫正区域间的横向均衡方面缺乏成效,没能有效地控制区域间财政能力差距的进一步扩大。要进一步发挥其区域均衡效应,必须进行转移支付制度的调整和创新。     

注重公平:构建和谐社会的一个重大课题

社会主义和谐社会应该是富裕而公平的社会,应该既承认差异又注重公平,在和谐中实现发展.我国经济社会的发展已使社会公平成为必须高度关注的问题.应当充分发挥政府在维护实现社会公平中的主导作用,解决经济发展与社会发展的某些"失调"现象,在共同富裕的价值取向下实现社会的和谐.     

论尼尔森对《哥达纲领批判》的政治哲学解读

凯·尼尔森从政治哲学的角度对《哥达纲领批判》进行了较为本真的解读,认为马克思葆有一种正义观,马克思对资本主义的批判是被理论渗透的经验论述和道德评价。马克思的正义观要求我们应当根据具体的历史背景和特定的生产方式判断社会现象的正义性。共产主义两个阶段有着与其生产力发展水平相适应的正义原则,无产阶级的正义诉求绝不是追求所谓的“消除一切社会的和政治的不平等”,而是消灭阶级。     

中外合作大学构建适应性思想政治教育体系的思考

具有独立法人资格中外合作大学不同于融合型、嫁接型、松散型等项目合作式中外合作办学,他既具有中国普通高校的一般结构设计,又具有一种全新的模式构架,按照中国当下的发展要求,开展思想政治教育是必然选择,积极迎领各种挑战,探索适应性模式,既是时代赋予的使命,又是独立法人中外合作大学谋求更大发展的必经之路。     

初次分配的公平性与财政政策导向

中共十七大报告明确表达了通过调整分配关系提高劳动报酬在初次分配中的比重,"逐步扭转收入分配差距扩大趋势"的良好意愿。这一目标,既契合了马克思主义劳动价值论,又与社会主义"按劳分配"的原则相适应,堪称以马克思主义理论为依据的科学决策。收入分配职能是财政的一项基本职能,发挥财政政策的导向作用,对于贯彻落实初次分配公平的目标,"逐步扭转收入分配差距扩大趋势"有着积极作用。     

Social time preference revisited

The article reconsiders the implications of the choice of pure social time preference for intergenerational equity in the presence of a time-consistent utilitarian social welfare criterion. The analytic framework is a setting with overlapping generations, lifetime uncertainty, population growth and technical progress. The analysis identifies upper and lower bounds for the feasible range of social discount rates and draws a corresponding distinction between “gerontocratic” and “Stalinist” optimal plans. The paper corrects a number of inaccurate propositions in a related earlier contribution by Marini and Scaramozzino (2000) to this journal.

Critical Discourse,Applied Inquiry and Public Health Action with Urban Middle School Students: Lessons Learned Engaging Youth in Critical Service-Learning

The Nuestro Futuro Saludable partnership designed a critical service-learning intervention focused on health equity and action. The 10-week afterschool intervention was implemented in a Boston middle school. Youths who took part in the intervention were knowledgeable about the social determinants of health in their communities, as well as to the barriers to health. Our findings indicate that engaging young people in a meaningful way will be critical if health improvement efforts are to be realized. We found that a critical service-learning framework that incorporates elements of applied inquiry and critical pedagogy was effective as a health intervention and provided opportunities for action.     

Differences in Experiences of Discrimination in Accessing Social Services Among Transgender/Gender Nonconforming Individuals by (Dis)Ability

Transgender and gender nonconforming (GNC) individuals frequently experience discrimination and potentially a lack of respect from service providers, suggesting they have decreased access to professionals with cultural competency. Similarly, people with disabilities experience higher levels of discrimination in social services than their nondisabled counterparts. From an intersectional perspective, this study examines rates of discrimination in accessing social services faced by transgender and GNC people, comparing across ability. Data indicate that although transgender and GNC individuals of all abilities experience gender-based discrimination when accessing social services, those with disabilities experience higher levels of antitransgender discrimination in mental health centers, rape crisis centers, and domestic violence shelters.     

How local health departments work towards health equity

BackgroundHealth inequities are exacerbated when health promotion programs and resources do not reach selected populations. Local health departments (LHDs)¹ have the potential to address health equity via engaging priority populations in their work. However, we do not have an understanding of what local agencies are doing on this front.MethodsIn the summer of 2016, we collaborated with informants from thirteen LHDs across North Carolina. Via semi-structured interviews, the research team asked informants about their LHD’s understanding of health equity and engaging priority populations in program planning, implementation, and evaluation.FindingsAll informants discussed that a key function of their LHD was to improve the health of all residents. LHDs with a more comprehensive understanding of health equity engaged members of priority populations in their organizations’ efforts to a greater extent than LHDs with a more limited understanding. Additionally, while all LHDs identified similar barriers to engaging priority populations, LHDs that identified facilitators more comprehensively engaged members of the priority population in program planning, implementation, and evaluation.ConclusionsLHDs are ideally situated between the research and practice worlds to address health equity locally. To promote this work, we should ensure LHDs hold an understanding of health equity, have the means to realize facilitators of health equity work, and recognize the complex context in which health equity work exists.     

新闻舆论引导与公正价值

公正价值作为政治价值范畴与社会价值范畴的交叉内容,构成新闻舆论引导的具体内涵之一。为避免一种公正价值主张的舆论对其他的公正价值产生抵牾,新闻从业者对公正价值观的丰富内涵应有准确把握与完整解读,善于以新闻事件为载体,理性倡导、型塑"适度的爱"与"最低限度的爱"、"获益条件与机会均等"、"所得待遇合乎其所享有权利"、"得其应得"与"先天条件最少者受惠"的公正价值舆论。