强力推进本科院校建设——提升琼州学院办学水平,实现跨越式发展的构想

本文论述琼州学院提升办学水平,实现跨越式发展,要坚持科学发展观,推进办学规模与教学质量的协调发展;要加强师资队伍建设,加强科研工作和学科建设;要坚持“以人为本”的教育观念,确立“以人为本”的发展宗旨。     

论中国西部诗群的审美追求

中国西部诗群在20世纪80年代崛起,是世界东方古老土地上最具中国特色,也最引人注目的文学现象。中国西部诗群以表达坚忍不拔的生命意志和开拓精神,抒写着昂扬奋进的时代精神和独特的艺术风采,以其特有的意境和格调影响着中国诗坛和世界诗坛,其审美追求是中国西部文学乃至整个当代文学的一座丰碑。     

可比性:中国企业会计标准演进规律的理论阐释简

回顾建国六十年多来我国企业会计标准的演进过程,我们发现,以往学者多从会计环境变化、会计与经济的互动等方面去阐释会计标准的演讲规律。本文不同于以往研究,而是从会计可比性的概念出发,寻找中国企业会计标准演进规律的逻辑出发点。本文认为：可比性的认识范畴应全面地界定为宏观可比和微观可比的统一,特别是在宏观可比方面,对于处在经济转轨时期的国家或地区,在一定意义上,可比性是实现有用性的必要基础;只有实现会计信息的国内可比,才能为其国际可比奠定良好基础;可比性是我国会计标准改革演进路径富有解释力的一个概念。     

对完善中国劳动法制若干问题的探讨

我国劳动法制正面临许多挑战。为实现构建和谐社会理念，我国的劳动法制需要在理论、方法和各项基本制度方面尝试作出完善和改革。文章在劳动法适用范围制度、协调机制和劳动标准等方面提出了若干设想和建议。     

论我国会计准则体系建设过程的国际协调问题

会计准则的国际协调是世界经济一体化的必然要求。从我国当前会计准则国际协调的现状及面临的问题出发,对我国会计准则国际协调面临的障碍、会计准则国际协调的发展趋势及当前国际经济环境下如何研究与完善我国会计准则国际协调问题进行研究。     

Satisfied and dissatisfied South Africans: results from the General Household Survey in international comparison

Who are the satisfied South Africans 10 years into democracy? How do material factors contribute to their life satisfaction? These are the questions addressed in this paper. Earlier South African research has consistently found a close positive relationship between life satisfaction and material standards of living in the apartheid and post-apartheid era. Recently, a new source of information has become available to shed further light on the association between material and subjective well-being. In 2002, Statistics South Africa, the country’s official source of statistical information, agreed to ask South Africans participating in the General Household Survey whether they were satisfied or dissatisfied with life. The 2002 General Household Survey (n26’000) used a measure developed for the Euromodule that allows for international comparison. The wide-ranging information contained in South Africa’s official?household survey offers a unique opportunity to explore what makes for satisfied and dissatisfied South Africans in relation to their material living standards. Results indicate that the improved living standards afforded to many black South Africans under democracy are associated with increases in life satisfaction. Furthermore, habituation does not appear to have diluted the positive relationship between living standards and well-being. However, political factors continue to play an important role in shaping subjective well-being. In conclusion, it is argued that material gains might also have restored the pride and dignity denied to black South Africans in the past.     

Facilitators of and barriers to providing high-quality midwifery education in South-East Asia—An integrative review

BackgroundWith a diversity in midwifery education across the South-East Asia region, and with the knowledge about the lifesaving competency of the midwife profession, this study’s aim is to describe facilitators of and barriers to providing high-quality midwifery education in South-East Asia.MethodsInspired by Whittemore and Knafl, we conducted a systematic integrative literature review including the five key stages of problem identification, literature search, data evaluation, data analysis, and presentation of results. The literature searches were conducted in October 2020 in the databases CINAHL, PubMed, and Scopus. A deductive data analysis based on global standards was performed.ResultsThe search identified 1257 articles, 34 of which were included. Countries in South-East Asia did not fully comply with the ICM global standards. Midwifery education was not separated from that of nursing, and educators lacked formal qualifications in midwifery. Curriculum implementation in the clinical area was a key barrier to achieving learning outcomes. Higher academic education for midwifery educators and mentorship programs facilitated the pedagogic and assessment process, focusing on the abilities of critical thinking, reflection, and decision-making.ConclusionsCountries in South-East Asia still have a long way to go before they can provide high-quality midwifery education. The identified facilitators can lead to a difference in students’ academic achievement and confidence in their clinical work. Coordinated actions will enable the progress in achieving competent midwives matching national health priorities. The findings highlight a need for more research on midwifery education in both theory and practice across the region.     

Retaliatory use of public standards in trade

This research investigates the extent to which countries use public standards as a means of political retaliation in the international policy arena. We match World Trade Organization notifications of Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) standards with SPS committee data on Specific Trade Concerns and annual, bilateral trade flows to test whether countries targeted with a public standard respond with a trade barrier of their own. We find that this type of retaliatory behavior exists for economically strategic goods. Our results suggest that about 1000 bilateral trade flows globally—or just over $11.8 billion in trade—were subject to retaliatory standards in 2015.     

The value of complaints mechanisms in the private labour regulation of GVCs: A case study of the Fair Labor Association

Can complaints mechanisms strengthen the private labour regulation of global value chains (GVCs)? This article empirically investigates the results produced by the Fair Labor Association's (FLA) complaints mechanism, which alone allows outcomes to be verified from the complainant's perspective. Although the vast majority of complainants find this mechanism to be valuable, it also has a number of limitations that seriously affect outcomes for workers. The authors utilize the concept of “grounding” to explore how national, social and corporate dimensions affect the performance of the FLA complaints mechanism for workers. The implications of these findings are then considered for complaints mechanisms in other GVCs.     

我国退休年龄延迟设计研究

本文针对当前我国＂未富先老＂、人口红利对经济增长的促进作用减弱及因人口老龄化进程加速而引起的社会养老负担过重等问题,依据人均预期寿命、劳动者参加工作的初始年龄和不同类型劳动对人体体力要求的差异等,就从事不同类型劳动的退休年龄标准进行了延迟设计。然后以国际上自我养老负担系数的合理取值范围为标准,就延迟设计方案的自我养老负担系数进行了测算。结果表明：延迟设计方案的退休年龄标准在当前及未来较短时期比较适合我国国情。但随着人均预期寿命的增长,也要结合自我养老负担系数的合理取值范围对退休年龄逐步调整,才能有效解决我国因人口老龄化逐步加深而引起的各种社会经济问题。本文试图为我国调整退休年龄标准提出可供借鉴的依据,进而有效地解决我国因人口老龄化逐步加深而对社会经济发展造成的负面影响。