资本深化和中国经济增长

在工业化的快速推进中,我国经济出现了资本过早深化的现象.近年我国的"资本-劳动比率""资本-产出"比率变化情况表明,在20世纪90年代中后期,我国经济中出现了资本密度加速上升现象.资本的过早深化开始影响我国经济的进一步增长,经济中投资效率加剧恶化,经济增长过分依赖固定资产投资的拉动,资本更加集中于钢铁、建材、化工等资本密集型行业,经济向效率缺失的方向发展.中国特有的投资体制是形成这种局面的主要原因,因此加快改善我国的投资体制,降低资本增长率或消化提前增长的资本存量,并提高劳动增长率或就业率,是目前我国经济发展中重点需要解决的问题.     

基于全要素生产率和DEA的勘察设计行业效率评价

文章对中国31个省市自治区2006--2011年工程勘察设计行业投入产出面板数据,采用非参数的Malmquist—DEA方法测定各省市行业全要素生产效率及其变化。结果表明,在空间上,东部地区行业全要素生产效率平均水平高于中部,中部高于西部;在时间上,行业全要素生产效率随国家经济发展状况和政策调整波动较大。因此,要提高行业的全要素生产率,除需行业规模效率的提高外,更重要的是加大对技术进步的支持力度和纯效率的提高。     

安徽城市节能降耗效率动态变化实证研究

文章利用数据包络分析法对安徽17个城市2000~2007年间能源利用效率进行了实证研究,并通过对Malmquist生产率指数的测算与分解,分析了安徽能源全要素生产率增长源泉、区域差异原因与跨期生产率动态变化趋势。研究表明:考察期内技术效率制约安徽能源全要素生产率提升,而技术进步是安徽能源全要素生产率增长的主要驱动力。     

不同经营形式下的私有林经营规模效率研究——以福建为例

研究林业经营效率是林业经营管理与林业政策的重要议题,对不同经营形式下的私有林经营规模效率进行研究具有重要的现实意义。本文以林农的经营形式为切入点,通过对福建省三大林区的调查,运用DEA方法测算与分析了自留山经营、家庭承包经营、股份合作经营等三种形式的私有林规模经营效率,得出了总体规模效率有待提高、股份合作经营规模效率相对较高、生产要素配置不太合理等结论,最后对提升私有林林地经营规模效率提出了因地制宜,选择多形式的林地经营形式;完善林地流转制度,提高林业整体规模效率;优化资源配置,提高林业生产效率等建议。     

关于提前介入制度若干问题的探讨

提前介入制度是检察机关履行法律监督职能的重要手段,有其存在的法律依据,在司法实践中也有其必要性．对刑事侦查的质量和刑事诉讼效率的提高越来越凸显其重要作用。提前介入制度与侦查保密制度、回避原则的冲突之处,是可以解决的,这有待在制度的设计上进一步完善。     

基于潜类别随机前沿的区域创新效率及其影响因素分析

运用可根据研究对象的潜在属性内生分组的潜类别随机前沿模型,采用1999-2012年中国各省区数据,研究各省区的创新效率及影响因素。结果表明:以人力资本水平和基础设施状况为条件变量,将全国各省区分成两个技术类别,分别有各自的技术前沿和函数形式,A类别中上海市的创新效率最高,B类别中河北省的创新效率最高;平均来看,各类的创新效率均呈上升趋势,贸易开放、产业结构和金融发展对创新效率均有显著的正向作用,同时创新效率在各类内部均存在俱乐部收敛。     

Effects of a Punitive Environment on Children's Executive Functioning: A Natural Experiment

Few studies have examined the influence of environmental factors on children's executive functioning (EF) performance. The present study examined the effects of a punitive vs. non‐punitive school environment on West African children's EF skills. Tasks included a ‘cool’ (relatively non‐affective) and ‘hot’ (relatively affective/motivational) version of three EF tasks: delay of gratification; gift delay; and dimensional change card sort. Children had more difficulties with the hot versions of the tasks than the cool versions, and older children outperformed younger children. After controlling for verbal ability (Peabody picture vocabulary test‐third edition), a consistent pattern of interaction between school and grade level emerged. Overall, kindergarten children in the punitive school performed no differently than their counterparts in the non‐punitive school. However, in grade 1, children in the punitive school performed significantly worse than their counterparts in the non‐punitive school. These results point to the need to consider interactions among discipline style, age, and internalization processes of self‐regulation to better understand environmental influences on EF development.     

Improving variance function estimation in semiparametric longitudinal data analysis

We propose an efficient and robust method for variance function estimation in semiparametric longitudinal data analysis. The method utilizes a local log‐linear approximation for the variance function and adopts a generalized estimating equation approach to account for within subject correlations. We show theoretically and empirically that our method outperforms estimators using working independence that ignores the correlations. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 39: 656–670; 2011. © 2011 Statistical Society of Canada     

民事发回重审之功能论

民事诉讼中发回重审在司法实践中确保初审程序的正当化,明确了上下级法院职能分工,保障诉讼当事人两审终审之利益。发回重审以其独有的功能而区别于其它二审裁决方式。但实务操作中因法律笼统规定等相关因素和制度本身种种弊端使得发回重审滥用现象严重,这也与民事诉讼追求的效率与公正价值取向背道而驰。虽然我国在2012年8月新修的《民事诉讼法》中完善了发回重审制度,但对于发回重审的具体事由以及相关处理程序仍有待规范。因此,适当限制发回重审是由,严格把控重审程序,给予当事人一定的程序选择权,对消解发回重审的滥用和当事人诉讼利益的保护,彰显法治权威和统一有着不可小觑的作用。     

The matched pair sign test using bivariate ranked set sampling for different ranking based schemes

Bivariate rank set sample (BVRSS) matched pair sign test is introduced and investigated for different ranking based schemes. We show that this test is asymptotically more efficient and more powerful than its counterpart sign test based on a bivariate simple random sample (BVSRS) for different ranking schemes. The asymptotic null distribution and the efficiency of the test are derived. Pitman’s asymptotic relative efficiency is used to compare the asymptotic performance of the matched pair sign test using BVRSS versus using BVSRS in all ranking cases. For small sample sizes, the bootstrap method is used to estimate P-values. Numerical comparisons are used to gain insight about the efficiency of the BVRSS sign test compared to the BVSRS sign test. Our numerical and theoretical results indicate that using any ranking scheme of BVRSS for the matched pair sign test is more efficient than using BVSRS.