健康源于运动

生命在于运动,人人皆知,但常被人们忽视。国家非常重视人们的健康,号召全民健身。文章通过运动生理学、心理学原理,阐述运动对人体的作用,论述健康之源在于运动。     

氧自由基、动脉粥样硬化与有氧运动

分析了氧自由基致脂质过氧化作用是促进动脉粥样硬化发生、发展的重要原因；并提出有氧运动预防、延缓动脉粥样硬化的重要机理之一是有效地提高机体清除自由基损害的能力、避免血管内皮细胞受损、血小板聚集。     

Healthy Active Living: A Residence Community–Based Intervention to Increase Physical Activity and Healthy Eating During the Transition to First-Year University

Abstract

Objective: To examine the effects of a Healthy Active Living (HAL) community intervention on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), fruit and vegetable consumption (FVC), and psychosocial mediators of physical activity among students transitioning into university. Methods: Sixty undergraduate students were assigned to reside in either the HAL community or no-treatment control residence and completed questionnaire measures at the beginning and end of the academic year. Results: Students living in the HAL community reported significantly more MVPA (F[1, 58] = 19.93, p <.001, η_p² =.26) and greater FVC (F[1, 56] = 3.12, p =.08, η_p² =.05) compared with controls. Participants in the HAL condition also scored significantly higher in action planning (F[1, 58] = 4.79, p <.05, η_p² =.08), partially mediating the effect of the intervention on MVPA. Conclusion: A peer-delivered healthy lifestyles intervention targeting first-year university students appears to be effective in preserving or enhancing health behaviors and cognitions during their transition into university life.     

Maximum likelihood estimation of correlation between maximal oxygen consumption and the 6-min walk test in patients with chronic heart failure

Maximal oxygen consumption (VO₂max) is the standard measurement used to quantify cardiovascular functional capacity and aerobic fitness. Unfortunately, it is a costly, impractical and labour-intensive measure to obtain. The 6-min walk test (6MWT) also assesses cardiopulmonary function, but in contrast to the VO₂max test, it is inexpensive and can be performed almost anywhere. Various medical studies have addressed the correlation between VO₂max and 6MWT in patients with chronic heart failure. Of particular interest, from a medical point of view, is the conditional correlation between the two measures given the individual's height, weight, age and gender. In this paper, we have calculated the maximum likelihood estimate of the conditional correlation in patients with chronic heart failure under the assumption of skew normality. Data were recorded from 98 patients in the Operative Unit of Thoracic Surgery in Bari, Italy. The estimated conditional correlation was found to be much smaller than estimated marginal correlations reported in the medical literature.     

耐力运动对大鼠血液学指标影响的实验研究

通过测定大鼠4周耐力运动后RBC、Hb、MCT、MCV的变化，并观察大鼠一般表现，结果：4周耐力运动后大鼠RBC显减少（P＜0．05），Hb下降（P＜0．05），表明本实验采用的运动形式和运动负荷量能造成大鼠运动性贫血，可作为研究运动性贫血的动物模型。     

Teaching with Multimedia: Do Bells and Whistles Help Students Learn?

ABSTRACT

This study compared 30 undergraduate social work and speech language pathology students' recall of material presented through multimedia versus traditional lecture. Advanced multimedia included audio, video, animation, graphics, text, and special effects. Traditional lecture included a text display in the form of PowerPoint bullets only. Both conditions presented material on the brain and the ear. Quantitative and qualitative results indicated that multimedia presentations had a positive effect on learning. Similar findings were obtained during a follow-up study three weeks later.     

中华女子学院跆拳道训练课的质性研究

以质性研究的范式为基础,采用深入访谈法,结合内因、外因分析探讨中华女子学院15位女子跆拳道队员坚持训练两年后,身体、心理及意志均得到提升,进而得出结论：通过跆拳道训练课的训练及比赛,队员们不仅在体质、技术方面有了较大提高,更可贵的是培养磨炼了顽强无畏的意志,耐受挫能力亦同样得到较大提高,并潜移默化到生活学习中.     

A Bayesian ordinal logistic regression model to correct for interobserver measurement error in a geographical oral health study

Summary.  We present an approach for correcting for interobserver measurement error in an ordinal logistic regression model taking into account also the variability of the estimated correction terms. The different scoring behaviour of the 16 examiners complicated the identification of a geographical trend in a recent study on caries experience in Flemish children (Belgium) who were 7 years old. Since the measurement error is on the response the factor 'examiner' could be included in the regression model to correct for its confounding effect. However, controlling for examiner largely removed the geographical east–west trend. Instead, we suggest a (Bayesian) ordinal logistic model which corrects for the scoring error (compared with a gold standard) using a calibration data set. The marginal posterior distribution of the regression parameters of interest is obtained by integrating out the correction terms pertaining to the calibration data set. This is done by processing two Markov chains sequentially, whereby one Markov chain samples the correction terms. The sampled correction term is imputed in the Markov chain pertaining to the regression parameters. The model was fitted to the oral health data of the Signal–Tandmobiel^® study. A WinBUGS program was written to perform the analysis.     

中师学生体育炼身运动负荷标准探讨

运用现代科学体育方法学的基本原理———炼身运动负荷价值阈 ,在中师体育教育实践中进行实验研究 ,以求全面提高中师体育教育教学质量     

大学生余暇体育促进终身健康发展的研究

余暇体育在广泛意义上讲指学生在参与体育锻炼时的主要方法和手段。本文应用科学的研究方法分析影响当代大学生参与余暇体育的主、客观因素及参与情况,研究余暇体育对当代大学生终身健康发展的重要作用;并提出结论与建议。