Nonspecific Urethritis: Its Current Status

Abstract

The etiology, epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of nonspecific urethritis (N.S.U.) is discussed. Chlamydia seems to be responsible for approximately 40–50% of cases while the etiology of the remainder remains obscrue. There seems to be reasonably good evidence for venereal transmission as well as for treatment of the female partner whether symptomatic or asymptomatic.

Tetracyline given for 21 days or oxytetracycline given for four days seem to be the most effective first line treatment regimens at this time.

Complications which include prostatitis, epididymitis, urethral stricture, and Reiter's Syndrome, are discussed. It appears as though there is a reasonable possibility that Reiter's Syndrome is a separate entity (or immunological sequela) rather than a complication.     

Physical activity in the life of a woman with cerebral palsy: physiotherapy,social exclusion,competence, and intimacy

Although physical activity can have substantial mental and physical health benefits, people with cerebral palsy usually lead sedentary lives. To understand, at an individual level, this inactivity, we interviewed a 29-year-old minimally active woman with cerebral palsy (Alana) about the meanings and experiences of physical activity throughout her life. Using a case-study approach, we found that Alana had adverse childhood experiences with physical activity, including: having to perform difficult, and sometimes painful, physiotherapy; wearing callipers to assist her walking; demonstrating limited competence at physical activity; being excluded from physical education and other organised physical activity at school; and feeling socially isolated from her classmates. These experiences seemed to contribute to feelings of difference/inferiority and the subsequent avoidance of physical activity, which, in turn, might have contributed to premature functional decline. Physical activity levels in people with cerebral palsy might be increased through focusing on enhancing childhood experiences.     

中专女生晨练运动负荷的研究

对 1 1 0名中专女生晨练运动负荷的研究表明 :适度的晨练运动 ,能提高大脑中枢的兴奋性 ,提高学习效率 ;但晨练不能作为学生提高运动成绩的主要训练时段 ,因为运动负荷过大 ,会影响学生上午上课的精神状态     

Optimal health and function among the elderly: lessening severity of ADL disability

Despite mounting evidence implicating sedentary behavior as a significant risk factor among the elderly, there is a limited amount of information on the type and amount of activity needed to promote optimal health and function in older people. Overall muscle strength and mass decline 30–50% between the ages of 30 and 80. The loss of muscle mass accounts for most of the observed loss of strength. The loss of muscle tissue is due to a decrease in the number of muscle fibers and to atrophy of the type II muscle fibers. The declining strength reduces the capacity to carry out basic activities of daily life and puts people at risk for falls and dependence on others. The objective of the present review is to examine the role of exercise training as a primary tool for increasing cardiopulmonary and muscular fitness in order to lessen the severity of disability in activities of daily living and to attain optimal health and functioning among the elderly.     

Variability in measures of health and health behavior among emerging adults 1 year after high school according to college status

Objective: To examine changes in health behaviors among US emerging adults 1 year after high school. Participants: The national sample of participants (N = 1,927), including those attending 4-year college/university (n = 884), 2-year colleges/technical schools (n = 588), and no college (n = 455), participated in annual spring surveys 2013–2014. Methods: Health behaviors were assessed the last year of high school and first year of college; differences by college status controlling for previous-year values were estimated using regression analyses. Results: Relative to 4-year college attendees, those attending technical school/community college were less likely to binge drink (odds ratio [OR] = 0.57, confidence interval [CI] = 0.38–0.86) but more likely to speed (OR = 1.26, CI = 1.0–2.84), consume sodas (OR = 1.57, CI = 1.0–2.47), and report lower family satisfaction (p < .01), with marginally more physical and depressive symptoms. College nonattendees reported more DWI (driving while intoxicated; OR = 1.60, CI = 1.05–2.47), soda drinking (OR = 2.51, CI = 1.76–3.59), oversleeping (OR = 4.78, CI = 3.65–8.63), and less family satisfaction (p < .04). Conclusions: Health risk behaviors among emerging adults varied by college status.     

Behavioral regulations and dispositional flow in exercise among American college students relative to stages of change and gender

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine behavioral regulations and dispositional flow in exercise among university students in terms of gender and stage of change. Participants: Data were collected from American college students (N = 257; M_age ± SD = 23.02 ± 4.05) in Spring 2013. Methods: Behavioral regulations and dispositional flow in exercise were assessed, along with stage of change. Results: Exercisers in the maintenance stage of change displayed significantly more self-determined motivation to exercise and a greater tendency to experience flow than those in preparation and action stages. Significant correlations were observed among behavioral regulations and flow state. Nonsignificant differences were observed for gender on behavioral regulations and dispositional flow in exercise. Conclusions: The results suggest that promotion of self-determined motivation and dispositional flow in exercisers may improve the quality of their experiences, as well as to foster their exercise behavior.     

Emotionalized learning experiences: Tapping into the affective domain

The experimental study was undertaken to examine the effect of emotionalized learning experiences on the academic achievement of students at Preston University. The major objectives of the study were to identify the effect of teaching methods on students’ academic achievement and to evaluate the relationship between affective learning conditions and students’ academic achievement. Based on four intact semesters, the population of the study comprised 140 students from the Bachelors of Business Administration Program. The whole population was considered as the sample. The control group (28 students) was taught through the interactive lecture method, whereas, the experimental group 1 (35 students), experimental group 2 (46 students) and experimental group 3 (31 students) were taught through the activity method, reflective learning method and cooperative learning method respectively. Results indicated a significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores obtained in the achievement test as a result of the effect of teaching methods used for offering the emotionalized learning experiences. There was also a significant relationship between affective leaning conditions and students’ academic achievement. Furthermore, it was found that students’ academic achievement in the affective domain was highest with regard to workshops 1, 2 and 3. It was concluded that the emotionalized learning experiences offered to the students via the four teaching methods helped students in enhancing their knowledge, changing their attitudes and developing their skills with regard to living a happy, healthy and meaningful life. However, the reflective learning method proved to be the most suitable followed by the interactive lecture method, the cooperative learning method and the activity method.     

氧自由基、动脉粥样硬化与有氧运动

分析了氧自由基致脂质过氧化作用是促进动脉粥样硬化发生、发展的重要原因；并提出有氧运动预防、延缓动脉粥样硬化的重要机理之一是有效地提高机体清除自由基损害的能力、避免血管内皮细胞受损、血小板聚集。     

股份有限公司股东表决权书面行使制度研究

随着我国公司实践的发展 ,许多股份有限公司都已采用了表决权书面行使这一股东表决权行使方式。而我国《公司法》对这一表决权行使方式却付诸阙如 ,因此实践中产生的许多问题都无法可依 ,这不利于股东权益的充分保护以及公司制度的正常运行。鉴于此 ,本文对与此相关的一些法律问题进行了探究 ,以期对完善我国股东表决权的立法有所裨益。     

积极改革和完善党的领导方式和执政方式

中国共产党是社会主义中国的执政党，同时也是中国特色社会主义事业的领导核心。党的领导方式和执政方式，是党之执政能力的重要方面。在当前加强党的执政能力建设中，我们既要积极改革和完善党的领导方式，也要积极改革和完善党的执政方式。在党的领导方式上，必须进一步理顺党政关系，实现党政职能分开，各司其职。在党的执政方式上，必须坚持科学执政、民主执政、依法执政。