Leadership across hierarchical levels: Multiple levels of management and multiple levels of analysis

We examined differences in leadership influence processes, perceptions, and multiple levels-of-analysis effects between close and distant charismatic and contingent reward leadership across three hierarchical levels in 13 Korean companies. Multi-source data revealed that followers' commitment to the leader mediated relationships between leadership and followers' attitudinal, behavioral, and performance outcomes in close situations, but not in distant relationships. Leadership at higher levels of management was positively related to leadership at the next lower level, which in turn related to follower outcomes at the lowest echelon. Multivariate within and between analysis indicated multiple-level effects differing by leader–follower distance and for the variables of interest.     

团队薪酬对团队绩效的作用机制研究

以10家企业的139个团队为样本,探讨了团队薪酬分配导向对团队绩效的影响、团队互动对二者关系的中介作用,以及团队的外向性和宜人性人格组成的调节效应。研究结果表明,团队薪酬按贡献分配导向与团队绩效正相关;团队任务互动和人际互动对二者的关系具有部分中介效应;团队的外向性和宜人性人格对团队薪酬按贡献分配导向与团队人际互动的正向关系具有反向调节作用。最后,在研究结论的基础上,指出了企业团队管理实践的指导意义以及该领域未来的研究方向。     

对“农村部分计划生育家庭奖励扶助制度”的评估与建议

在部分农村计划生育家庭奖励扶助养老制度试点一年多后,运用在贵州、湖北、河南和江苏四省试点地区的调查资料,从群众对政策内容的认同、对政策运行过程的看法、对政策效果的认同和对政策的信任度等方面,对奖扶制度进行评估。总体而言,奖扶制度是一项受到农村绝大多数干部和群众赞成的政策,政策的运行机制是一项很有价值的创新。但政策中有关奖扶对象的确认标准和对象的认定程序等还有待完善。     

宋代朝贡贸易中的回赐问题

解析宋代朝贡贸易中回赐的构成,可以清楚地了解贡赐双方的得失和态度.朝贡国可以获得贡物折价和贡物折价以外的加赐、国王(或首领)礼物、使节赏赐等特别赐予,说明宋朝在贡赐贸易中仍是厚往薄来的.宋朝出于处理现实国际关系和解说自身正统地位的需要,把贡赐贸易作为维持朝贡体系的重要手段.但总体上两宋对贡赐贸易的态度都更趋务实,采取了若干减少回赐的限制措施.     

贵州省某W国企基层员工赏罚制度满意度实证分析

本文通过对某W国企的合同工与正式工的赏、罚满意度的多元回归分析．从而探讨满意度之所以如此的成因,并根据这些原因提出合理的对策及建议。     

探索隐性知识在语言学习早期的重要性

作为一门学科,语言长期给人一种迷茫。不进学校,人们自然会讲母语;进了学校,人们也不一定会讲外语。其实,该问题的关键是人们没有搞清楚语言的二重性或二种知识：显性知识（有关语言的知识）和隐性知识（语言自身）。围绕这一现象,本文从理论和实践上对这两种知识在语言学习过程中的影响和作用作了一定的阐述与论证。指出要让学生掌握语言,教师必须充分认识语言的基本特征和语言隐性知识的重要性,用隐形学习的方式来开拓学生的隐性语法和隐形记忆的能力,以正真掌握语言。     

Investigating effort–reward imbalance and work–family conflict in relation to morningness–eveningness and shift work

Abstract

An increasingly older workforce and a growing emphasis on jobs involving interaction with computers have resulted in a need to more carefully examine the relationship between ageing and computer-based work. In this study, a sample of 394 subjects ranging in age from 20-75 years performed a computer task across a 3-day period. Three different types of computer-based jobs (data entry, information retrieval, and accounts balancing) performed at three large US companies were simulated. Age differences in the subjective experience of stress, workload, and bodily discomfort were evaluated. The results indicated that age effects for these measures varied according to task. The older subjects perceived greater workload for the more mentally challenging problem-solving oriented accounts balancing task (Which involved a graphical user interface) than the younger participants, even with increased exposure to the task. However, the older subjects generally experienced less stress than the younger subjects on an information retrieval task that involved a more socially interactive telephone component. A positive relationship between the frustration component of workload and the measure of stress was also found, suggesting an important link between the constructs of stress and workload. Overall, the outcomes of this study provide important insights into design interventions intended to accommodate older as well as younger persons in the workforce.     

智力测验及其在教育中的意义

首先介绍了传统和现代两种智力模式的智力测验观,接着对智力测验的差异进行了深入分析,然后阐述了智力测验和考试在心理上的一致性和切入点的不同,最后讨论了这些新知识对课堂教学的意义。     

刑事悬赏性质的法律分析

刑事悬赏是公安机关在刑事案件侦查中普遍采用的一种法律行为。从刑事悬赏发布主体属性来分析,刑事悬赏的法律属性应当理解为一种行政行为。这种界定可以有效厘清公安机关与个人发布的悬赏之间的区别,明确刑事悬赏的法律监督机制和确定刑事悬赏的法律救济途径等问题。