加快我国服务贸易发展的战略对策

我国服务贸易起步于20世纪80年代,虽然起步较晚但发展速度较快。目前我国服务业对外开放水平进一步提高,部分新兴服务贸易领域加快发展,出口增速正在赶超发达国家,服务贸易已具备了快速发展的条件。但同时我国的服务贸易发展总体仍比较落后,存在着服务贸易部门结构不平衡等诸多问题。文章分析了当前我国服务贸易的发展状况,针对当前所存在的突出问题,提出加快我国服务贸易发展的战略措施。     

中国加入世贸组织关税谈判的政治经济分析

众多研究者视中国加入世界贸易组织为一个经济重组与改革的策略,借牺牲＂旧的＂经济达到市场化的目的,因此进入世界贸易组织的谈判实质上反映这一改革议程。这一看法与实情不尽吻合。入世关税减让的考虑其实是一个比较复杂的程序,涉及政府仔细地平衡各个社会和政治力量及因素。     

从颜俊彦《盟水斋存牍》看明末广州、澳门贸易制度若干变动

《盟水斋存牍》是明末一部史料价值颇高的文集。作者颜俊彦,崇祯元年至四年任广州推官,《盟水斋存牍》就是他在任时处理的勘合、谳略、翻案、矜审、公移等的结集,涉及刑事、民事、诉讼等司法及行政实务,对明末广州、澳门贸易及相关管理制度变动也多有记载。如海道副使原来督察海防,兼管夷务、带管市舶,万历年间明神宗派太监李凤、高寀督办粤、闽榷税,使海道副使的超常权力被剥离,退出市舶管理。明中叶主管朝贡贸易的清闲衙门市舶司重新掌管税收,还协助海禁、防范接济走私等,权势膨胀,产生严重的贪污腐化,号称濒海贪泉。此外,广州、澳门的揽头、铺行、夷商纲纪也十分活跃,参与贸易。这些对了解明末广中事例演变具有重要的史料价值。     

论区域贸易协定对国际条约法的发展与挑战

区域贸易协定具有条约的法律属性,但也有不同于传统的国际条约的新特征。本文从传统国际条约的内涵和特征分析入手,对比了区域贸易协定的条约法律属性与特征,并从实例分析出发,概括出区域贸易协定所展现出的21世纪的国际条约的新特征,强调应该用科学发展的观点看待区域贸易协定对国际条约法的贡献：一方面推动了国际条约法的完善与发展,另一方面也对条约法提出了新的挑战。     

中印产业内贸易发展水平的指数分析

通过对1993—2009年中印产业内贸易指数的测算,分析中印产业内贸易的发展演变过程和水平,并根据中印两国贸易不平衡的实际情况计算了调整后的产业内贸易指数,从而得出简要的研究结论。     

对外贸易对河南省GDP贡献的实证分析

对1985-2007年有关贸易数据的计量分析表明,河南的对外贸易对本省GDP的增长具有较大的拉动力,但出口产品结构层次不高等问题导致河南对外贸易效益低下。改变现有的贸易方式,提高河南经济的国际竞争力,应当从加快转变贸易增长方式、扩大自有品牌产品出口、大力发展加工贸易、适度扩大进口、鼓励境外投资等方面着手。     

汇率变动对日本贸易收支影响的实证研究

通过汇率变动对日本贸易收支影响的协整分析,发现实际有效汇率升值会引起日本的贸易顺差减少,但是汇率升值对日本贸易收支的影响不是十分显著,贸易收支的变动还要受到其他各种因素的制约。     

Female Sex Trade Workers,Condoms, and the Public-Private Divide

Abstract

This qualitative study explored the ways in which social relations within the public (work) as opposed to the private (home) contexts shape variable condom use among female sex trade workers. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 68 female sex workers working in various settings in an urban center in Eastern Canada. The findings suggest that work-related social relations, and the meanings associated with condoms at work, create a strong confidence in condom use. Within the private setting, such confidence was also evident but most women reported either not using condoms or only using “sometimes.” Nevertheless, many women do engage in risk management within the private setting, and take active steps to decrease their risks of Human Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV)/Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs).     

国际收支平衡调控分析

针对中国国际收支不平衡问题,采用对比分析的方法,分析了国际收支存在服务、收益项目发展滞后,净误差与遗漏账户逆差,外汇储备过大等问题,提出处理好货物出口与服务出口,汇率贬值与升值,储备增长与防范风险,加强收支统计与打击逃汇、骗汇关系等解决策略。研究结论对调控国际收支有指导意义。     

International Trade and the Urbanization of Developing Countries: Evidence from Asia

Abstract

A grain surplus and the grain trade are closely related to the urbanization of developing countries. However, existing literature has not given adequate attention to this issue. Our paper develops a theoretical model to explain the mechanisms whereby changes in the grain surplus constrain the level of urbanization in a closed economy context and the grain trade affects the level of urbanization by acting on the grain surplus in an open economy context. A test of the theoretical model applied to some developing countries in Asia during the period 1993-2010 shows that international trade is generally negatively correlated with level of urbanization. However, cereal and non-cereal trade vary in terms of their relation to urbanization: whereas the former is positively correlated with level of urbanization, the latter is negatively correlated with it. Since the net import of cereals relaxes the constraint imposed on the level of urbanization by the domestic grain surplus, it can have a marked positive effect on the course of urbanization. Our research findings show that provided grain production or grain security is guaranteed, developing countries may adopt a policy of importing an appropriate amount of grain to increase their level of urbanization.