双边市场条件下的技术许可策略研究

本文研究了双边市场条件下交叉网络外部性强度、潜在受许方数量及潜在市场需求规模对创新者技术许可策略的影响,分析了创新者实施有数量限制与无数量限制的固定许可策略的条件以及实施技术补贴的条件,并比较了固定许可策略与变动许可策略。研究表明,在双边市场条件下,创新者在技术市场实施固定许可策略一般情况下优于变动许可策略。但是当交叉网络外部性强度与潜在受许方数量较大,而授权产品市场相对于创新者自身产品市场的潜在需求规模较小时,创新者实施负变动许可费的技术补贴策略有可能优于固定许可策略。本文的研究对于在交叉网络外部性环境下创新者或技术平台的技术许可策略决策具有参考意义。     

基于个人即时通信增值业务的免费顾客付费意愿影响因素研究

以社会认知理论为基础,针对个人即时通信这一典型虚拟社会网络情境,引入网络外部性(关系数量)、虚拟社会资本(关系质量)和网络黏度来构建免费顾客付费意愿的影响模型。基于422个样本的研究发现,免费顾客付费意愿受到网络外部性、虚拟社会资本和顾客感知价值的直接影响,网络黏度调节虚拟社会资本与网络外部性对免费顾客付费意愿的直接影响。最后,为提高免费顾客的付费意愿提出了对策建议。     

军民融合推动产业结构优化升级的路径与机制——基于产业外部性视角

军民融合是实现强国梦和强军梦的重要战略,对推动中国国防科技工业发展和产业结构升级有重要的意义。通过对军民融合产业外部性效应和发展脉络的分析和梳理,发现产业外部性是军民融合推动地区产业结构优化升级的关键因素。从内部机制来看,军民融合产业发展契合了调整转型和创新升级的发展逻辑;从外部机制来看,军民融合集聚通过诱发政府职能转变的制度强化效应、优化资源有效配置的资本强化效应、提升地区科技创新能力的技术强化效应以及增强民营经济发展水平的市场强化效应来推动产业结构优化升级;从驱动因素来看,军民融合产业发展实现了从资本驱动到创新驱动的演变。     

中国式环境治理现代化的演进逻辑

中华人民共和国成立七十多年来,中国式环境治理现代化在实践探索和理论升华、向外学习与扎根自身、扬弃传统与面向未来中不断推进。中国环境治理从前期的孕育到后期的建立健全,经历了一个与国家治理体系从松散联系走向紧密关联的过程。中国式环境治理现代化的演进遵循5个逻辑：不断满足人民对优质环境的需要;从经济增长优先到环境经济协调推进并不断趋向绿色发展;在约束激励并用中不断迈向激励相容的改革路径;从行政区到跨区域、从一元到多元演变中趋向协同治理;从学习到创新并积极承担全球环境治理责任。中国环境治理演进呈现的是一种实践逻辑,以解决实际问题为根本导向,而非理想化的理论逻辑。     

节能服务的经济学分析

发达国家蓬勃发展的节能服务在我国却遭遇供给不足,用能企业外购节能服务需求被抑制的尴尬局面。本文利用经济学相关理论分析节能服务供给不足的原因、影响用能企业外购节能服务决策的因素,并提出相应的对策建议,希望对业界和学界有所启发。     

Worms: Identifying Impacts on Education and Health in the Presence of Treatment Externalities

Intestinal helminths—including hookworm, roundworm, whipworm, and schistosomiasis—infect more than one‐quarter of the world's population. Studies in which medical treatment is randomized at the individual level potentially doubly underestimate the benefits of treatment, missing externality benefits to the comparison group from reduced disease transmission, and therefore also underestimating benefits for the treatment group. We evaluate a Kenyan project in which school‐based mass treatment with deworming drugs was randomly phased into schools, rather than to individuals, allowing estimation of overall program effects. The program reduced school absenteeism in treatment schools by one‐quarter, and was far cheaper than alternative ways of boosting school participation. Deworming substantially improved health and school participation among untreated children in both treatment schools and neighboring schools, and these externalities are large enough to justify fully subsidizing treatment. Yet we do not find evidence that deworming improved academic test scores.     

消费者多方购买行为与企业R&D策略博弈分析

通过构建完全信息博弈模型,研究具有网络外部性的产品市场中,在存在消费者多方购买行为时企业的研发策略和创新动机,并深入分析多方购买者比例大小和网络外部性强度对企业研发投资水平的影响。在市场中存在多方购买行为时均衡结果表明:(i)企业有动机进行研发投资;(ii)研发企业均衡价格、需求以及利润均高于不研发企业;(iii)在差异度系数和投资系数都充分大时研发企业最优研发投入随着多方购买者比例的增加而增大。最后通过具体算例分析知道:在考虑多方购买条件下,市场中存在研发时消费者总剩余和社会总福利高于市场中不存在研发时的情形。     

企业创新活动溢出效应研究综述

企业创新活动会产生外部效应或者说溢出效应,由此导致企业创新活动中搭便车的行为。目前,学界关于外部效应对企业创新活动影响的研究比较多,但是对企业创新活动溢出效应的研究还比较少。在检索了"中国知识资源总库"和"中国期刊网"等相关数据库后,对企业创新活动及其溢出效应问题的相关文献进行了梳理,指出了当前研究存在的不足,并指出了今后应进一步加强研究的领域。     

基于水资源外部性特征的配置制度安排研究

水资源的代际外部性、取水成本的外部性、存量的外部性、环境外部性和水利投资的外部性特征 ,导致市场制度配置水资源的作用失效。同样 ,水资源的商品属性和稀缺性导致政府配给制度的作用失灵。为保证水资源的有效供给和可持续有效利用 ,需要从市场机制和政府规制两方面有机结合、分层次来管理水资源     

The Value of Category Captainship in the Presence of Manufacturer Competition

This research investigates the value of category captainship (a management practice in which a retailer relies on a manufacturer for recommendations regarding strategic category management decisions) in retail supply chains. We consider a setting where the scope of category management is limited to assortment decisions and demand enhancing activities. We assume that the retailer selects a category captain among multiple competing manufacturers with privately known capabilities for driving category traffic. First, we consider a benchmark scenario where the retailer is responsible for category management. Then, we consider the category captainship scenario where the retailer selects one of the manufacturers as a captain to manage the category. We find that captainship is more likely to emerge in categories where the cost of managing variety, the retail margins, and the competition for captainship are moderate and the captain is more capable of driving traffic compared to the retailer. In such categories the collaboration between the retailer and the captain ensures sufficient surplus for both parties. Finally, we show that captainship can also benefit the non‐captain manufacturers.