Bayesian False Discovery Rate Wavelet Shrinkage: Theory and Applications

Statistical inference in the wavelet domain remains a vibrant area of contemporary statistical research because of desirable properties of wavelet representations and the need of scientific community to process, explore, and summarize massive data sets. Prime examples are biomedical, geophysical, and internet related data. We propose two new approaches to wavelet shrinkage/thresholding.

In the spirit of Efron and Tibshirani's recent work on local false discovery rate, we propose Bayesian Local False Discovery Rate (BLFDR), where the underlying model on wavelet coefficients does not assume known variances. This approach to wavelet shrinkage is shown to be connected with shrinkage based on Bayes factors. The second proposal, Bayesian False Discovery Rate (BaFDR), is based on ordering of posterior probabilities of hypotheses on true wavelets coefficients being null, in Bayesian testing of multiple hypotheses.

We demonstrate that both approaches result in competitive shrinkage methods by contrasting them to some popular shrinkage techniques.     

A gradient approach to efficient design and analysis of multivariate EWMA control charts

Compared to the grid search approach to optimal design of control charts, the gradient-based approach is more computationally efficient as the gradient information indicates the direction to search the optimal design parameters. However, the optimal parameters of multivariate exponentially weighted moving average (MEWMA) control charts are often obtained by using grid search in the existing literature. Note that the average run length (ARL) performance of the MEWMA chart can be calculated based on a Markov chain model, making it feasible to estimate the ARL gradient from it. Motivated by this, this paper develops an ARL gradient-based approach for the optimal design and sensitivity analysis of MEWMA control charts. It is shown that the proposed method is able to provide a fast, accurate, and easy-to-implement algorithm for the design and analysis of MEWMA charts, as compared to the conventional design approach based on grid search.     

对《兵马俑证谬》一文的问谬

《唐都学刊》2009年第2期发表刘九生《兵马俑证谬》一文,质疑秦始皇兵马俑身份,并提出＂兵马俑＂不是所谓的＂兵＂与＂马＂,而是一群＂郎＂系统。此文一出,报纸、电台、网络媒体风云而动,大有席卷之势。笔者限于学识,无法全面评价,仅对＂证谬＂不能释疑之处＂问谬＂一二。     

Cinematic Terrorism: Deleuze,ISIS and Delirium

This paper will use the concept of time-image discussed by Gille Deleuze in Cinema 1 and Cinema 2 as a heuristic tool for thinking about the Internet films of the Islamic State (ISIS). By considering that ISIS films primarily operate on two different axes: a time-image that presents a recollection of a mythic past, and a movement-image that reverses roles of power and sovereignty with a Western antagonist through mimesis, I discover that although we are unable to consider the ISIS films strictly as documentary, they are nonetheless not representational either. Within this context, I will argue that ISIS films may be experienced as actualizations of a global schizophrenic delirium. The ISIS films demonstrate what Deleuze describes as the “powers of the false.” They show a reality that is unbearable to witness. In the same way that the Marquis de Sade exhibited in life and fiction a physical violence and perversion that were symptomatic of the chaotic and brutal realities of the French Revolution, ISIS itself, and not only its film productions, becomes the foci of a symptomatic and cinematic realization of the failures of our globalized society in the post-Cold War/Arab Spring era. We experience the unbearable violence in the form of schizophrenic delirium, as if this violence is being performed somewhere else, by someone else, to someone else. These forms of spatial and temporal shifts, detachments, and interchanges are emphasized by the arrival of war refugees to the Western world from Syria, Iraq, and Afghanistan. In this process of becoming the Other, there is no escaping the delirium of Otherness.     

批判、借助和吸纳——对马克思主义经典作家关于民族主义论述的再认识

马克思主义经典作家在对民族主义持一般反对态度的同时,也对民族主义的进步性做了肯定,对不同性质的民族主义做了区别.根据经典作家的理论设想和世界历史的发展实践,民族主义是实现无产阶级革命和社会主义目标必需的"过渡"性途径.民族主义有着极为鲜明的两重性,既与民族本位、偏狭与排外倾向相通,又为反对压迫和不公提供动员手段,为社会进步提供有效的政治建构和认同.马克思主义经典作家对这个两重性有着清晰的辨别,对其消极性做了严厉的鞭挞和批判,而将它的积极因素在实践上加以借助,在理论上吸纳改造,使其成为马克思主义民族理论的重要内容.马克思主义经典作家对于民族主义的批判、借助和吸纳,既是矛盾的,又是统一的.     

六朝志怪小说中“祈寿”情节之文化考察

祈寿情节是六朝志怪小说中的一大情节类型,是民间祈寿信仰、祈寿心理的反映。祈寿情节中首先展现了不同的祈寿方式,可分为三类：祭星祈寿、向鬼祈寿、向佛祈寿。通过这些祈寿情节可以看出民间祈寿心理的某些特点,即祈寿的功利性、人情化特点以及儒、释、道的交互影响。祈寿情节的频繁出现体现了六朝乱世中人们对生命的热情、对苦难现世的执著。     

关于新图书馆自助借还建设的探讨

本文阐述自助借还应用的优劣,针对使用自助借还系统出现的一些问题,提出了一些建议。     

对“劳务租赁”用工制度的法律探讨

劳务租赁为近几年在国内新兴的一种用工制度,劳动关系较为复杂.通过对劳动关系与劳务关系的法律性质比较分析认为,劳动力不应成为租赁的对象,用工单位与被派遣的劳动者之间应属于劳动法律关系,应对这种用人单位以规避法定义务、损害劳动者合法权益的用工行为予以禁止.     

对联与意境

对联作为汉语言独特的文学样式,是汉语文教育的重要资源.本文拟从对联意境的分析着手,利用"意象的和弦"、"假平行"等原理对意境的生成进行探讨,说明对联对拓展思维空间,激发想象力的积极作用.     

从“诬告反坐”到“讹诈有罚”——对被救助者诬赖救助者立法惩罚的再思考

当下诸多被救助者诬告讹诈救助者事件的背后,无不折射出单纯中华传统道德诉求已经不能协调社会的健康发展。当道德的软性约束作用无法发挥时,通过法律制度的建设惩罚诬告讹诈者就成为必要。然现代"讹诈有罚"并非简单的惩恶扬善呼吁,也并非中国古代"诬告反坐"的直接过渡与顺承。立法惩罚诬告者还需从制度渊源、现行体制、证据认定、责任承担、惩罚措施等多方予以考虑。