封建大家族颓败的必然趋势-试论贾府只知安富尊荣与不善运筹谋划

主仆上下一味地安富尊荣和不善运筹谋划,是导致贾府颓败的基本原因.其当家者,或不善于运筹谋划,或为极端利己主义者,或昏庸度日无所事事;而真正有远见卓识者则一律不在其位,难谋其政.最终使得贾府败亡.     

Consumption Patterns of Chinese Children

In the ten-year period from 1990 to 1999, children's consumption has increased dramatically in proportion to family income. In 85% of urban families, children's average consumption is equal to one third or more of the family's income. Resources are being directed to children's food and dietary supplements, toys, travel, computers and other electronic equipment, and educational resources. Children perceive that they have a significant influence on the family's financial decision-making. Problems related to children's consumption include indulgence in unnecessary or harmful purchases, and conspicuous consumption that cannot be sustained by the family's income. While some child-focused spending is viewed as enriching development, other expenditures may harm the family's economic well-being and foster an overly materialistic outlook among children.     

中古吴兴武康姚氏之家风与家学--从一个侧面看文化因素在世族传承中的作用

吴兴姚氏起自汉末、孙吴时期 ,此后长期衰微 ,仕途不畅 ,沦为“贱族”。然因其有文化 ,姚氏不仅得以保持“素族”的本色 ,而且在南北朝后期有所振作 ,至唐代宦位荣显。由于儒家文化的熏染 ,姚氏子弟多有忠义与孝义之行。就其家学言 ,姚氏早期以通晓儒家经术知名 ,南北朝后期注重文史 ,至隋、唐终得大成。同时姚氏精于医术 ,在北朝倍受重视 ,这为其家族地位的上升提供了契机     

会计信息可靠性与相关性的产权博弈分析

从产权经济学角度对会计信息的产权属性进行分析,把会计信息的产权主体定位为所有的信息使用者,认为会计信息的产权主体与会计信息质量特征之间存在密切关系。不同产权主体之间为有利于自身的信息进行博弈,可靠性和相关性孰轻孰重取决于各方在博弈中的力量对比。最后,文章提出重构会计信息市场、实现可靠性和相关性协调发展的若干对策。     

批判与高扬——析席勒在宗教观上的矛盾及其原因

席勒的思想中,存在着对宗教的批判和赞扬的矛盾。席勒相信人的自由和美德及神的存在,世俗的宗教压抑人的自由,所以受到席勒的批判,而作为审美假象的游戏的宗教,对人性的和谐起着导向作用,因而受到席勒的赞美。在席勒看来,人性的和谐并不是审美教育的完成,真正自由的人必须具有道德修养,这需要借助于崇高。而代表人类神性的宗教,作为一种典型的崇高,实现了人类的自由、美德及神性的统一,对人类的精神起着提升作用,因而得到席勒的充分肯定。以人性的完善为准绳,席勒批判否定人性完善的世俗宗教,赞扬肯定人性完善的神性宗教,这就是他在宗教观上产生矛盾的原因。     

Women's Changing Attitudes Toward Divorce, 1974–2002: Evidence for an Educational Crossover

This article examines trends in divorce attitudes of young adult women in the United States by educational attainment from 1974 to 2002. Women with 4‐year college degrees, who previously had the most permissive attitudes toward divorce, have become more restrictive in their attitudes toward divorce than high school graduates and women with some college education, whereas women with no high school diplomas have increasingly permissive attitudes toward divorce. We examine this educational crossover in divorce attitudes in the context of variables correlated with women's educational attainment, including family attitudes and religion, income and occupational prestige, and family structure. We conclude that the educational crossover in divorce attitudes is associated most strongly with work and family structure variables.     

当代家族小说的性别审视

在家族小说创作中,当代作家以现代意识与人道同情表现出对女性命运与妇女解放问题关注的热情,但由于受到男权社会文化传统与性别立场的影响,他们对女性不幸命运的同情之中又存在着性别上的隔膜,无论是对女性躯体的描写,男女两性关系模式的建构,叙述者与人物的性别话语,还是在性际关系价值评判中的厚此薄彼,都从不同的侧面流露出作家男权意识的传统积淀,都是男性对女性一厢情愿的想象性书写。     

多功能开放型企业供需网成员企业合作关系的经济模型

多功能开放型企业供需网(SDN)合作伙伴关系的稳定性，将直接决定SDN创新管理理念的生命力和未来发展前景，传统企业间的一次性静态博弈和供应链(SC)盟员间的有限次重复博弈，都是低效的合作关系，因而其稳定性较差，无限次重复博弈以及由此而引发的触发策略，能够实现帕累托最优的纳什均衡，是SDN合作伙伴关系稳定发展的深层经济学原因，通过建立SDN成员企业合作关系的经济模型，论证了SDN的稳定性。     

Demographic Shifts in the Czech Republic after 1989: A Second Demographic Transition View

A dramatic change in fertility,family formation and living arrangements tookplace in the Czech Republic over the 1990s. Theestablishment of democracy, profound socialtransformation and transition to the marketeconomy affected the values and demographicbehaviour of the young Czech generation. Thispaper examines whether these demographic shiftscan be interpreted within the framework of thesecond demographic transition. The theoreticalpart discusses the idea of the transition,outlining three distinctive conceptualisations.Two of them – the view of the transition as aprogression of characteristic interrelateddemographic changes and a broader viewstressing the importance of underlyingideational factors – fit the Czech situationvery well. A comparison with the Netherlandsreveals that the onset of the transition in theCzech Republic may be clearly located in thefirst half of the 1990s, lagging two decadesbehind the Netherlands.     

Family Cap and Nonmarital Fertility: The Racial Conditioning of Policy Effects

Using an experimental design, this research examines the effect of the nation's first family cap on the births, abortions, and contraception use of over 8,000 women receiving public assistance in New Jersey. The family cap denies additional cash benefits to children conceived while the mother is receiving public assistance. Our research shows that a targeted welfare benefit manipulation does influence fertility behavior; however, the effect is conditioned by race. We find that Black women in the experimental group have a 21% lower birth rate and a 32% higher abortion rate than Black women in the control group. We do not find a birth effect for Hispanic or White women. We discuss the policy implications of the effects of a segmented family cap.