中国"三农"问题的解决趋势

解决"三农"问题需从农村基础设施的完善、农村劳动力的转移和传统农业的改造三个方面探索制度困境与出路,制度变迁和政府扶植是关键所在,而在具体操作过程中又要避免政府的过度干预。     

Family Provisions at the Workplace and Their Relationship to Absenteeism,Retention, and Productivity of Workers: Timely Evidence from Prior Data

Using data from the Australian Workplace Industrial Relations Survey, this study provides timely evidence on the effects of on‐site child care at the workplace and employer‐provided family leave on worker absenteeism, turnover, and productivity. The study found that workplaces with on‐site child care compared with workplaces with no on‐site child care had lower rates of absenteeism and higher ratings for worker productivity. Workplaces that had a family leave policy also had lower rates of absenteeism than workplaces that had no such policy in place. Analyses also suggest that workplace characteristics, such as presence of a human‐resources manager or union representative, are associated with higher worker productivity. Firm size, mission, and shift work were other predictors of worker performance. The findings argue strongly for an extensive, new workplace survey that can elucidate how parents today manage to abide by new workplace agreements while still handling the demands of family life.     

高校学生思想政治工作进社团的对策及途径探索

高校学生思想政治工作进社团具有重要的现实意义，也面临新的问题和挑战，本文对高校学生思想政治工作进社团的关键因素进行了分析，就高校学生思想政治工作进社团基本对策与有效途径进行了探讨。     

当前世界发展动态对思想政治工作的影响及其对策

当前世界发生着广泛而深刻的变化 ,世界发展呈现全球一体化、多样化、市场化、信息化以及科学技术突飞猛进等趋势 ,而这些发展的最新动态 ,必然会影响人们的思想、观念和意识 ,从而影响我们党的思想政治工作。因此 ,在错综复杂的社会环境之中如何正确把握当前世界发展趋势 ,如何改进和加强党的思想政治工作 ,就显得尤为重要     

Impact of shift work and department type upon strain and attitudinal measures of hospital nurses

The effects of shift work (fixed versus rotating), type of hospital department (intensive care unit versus non-ICU), and job scope on stress and attitudes have been reported previously. The goal of the present study was to examine the interactive, as well as individual, impact of these variables on measures of perceived work stress, strain, work satisfaction and withdrawal intentions. Respondents in the study were nurses in a large general hospital in Israel. None of the two- or three-way interactions received empirical support. However, significant multivariate main effects for each of the three independent measures were found. The negative influence of rotating work shift compared to fixed work shift was supported. Nurses who thought that their job was more enriching were more satisfied and perceived their workload as being lower. Department type affected only burnout level; nurses in non-ICUs were lower in burnout. Several theoretical and practical possible interpretations and possible implications are presented.     

Managers' attitudes about firm responsibilities

A mail survey was conducted in order to investigate whether the importance a manager attaches to corporate ethical and legal responsibilities varies according to personality characteristics, demographic variables, or the perceived moral climates in the manager's firm. Respondents were middle- and lower-level managers in 112 for-profit businesses located throughout the United States. As expected, attitudes about corporate ethical responsibility were significantly related to (1) the individual's capacity for empathy and (2) a perceived caring climate in the firm; attitudes about corporate legal responsibility were significantly related to (1) the individual's hierarchical position and (2) an organizational climate perceived to be supportive of law.Data collection for this research was subsidized by the Old Dominion University Research Foundation and the ODU College of Business and Public Administration Bureau of Research.     

Women working in Poland: An overview

This paper presents a brief overview of the position of working women within the State-controlled economy of Poland. It examines the different factors which have influenced the increase in the numbers of women entering work, and considers what is known of their health and safety at work. It points up the progress that has been made in society's acceptance of women's work, and in establishing the rights of working women which help them to combine more easily the roles of mother and worker. It sets these developments in the context of the Polish approach to equality at work.     

Women at work in workplaces designed for men: Anthropometry and ergonomics

This article considers one of the sources of stress faced by modern working women: that of having to work in environments largely designed for men. It outlines how this problem has arisen, and examines the different ways in which it can be overcome, pointing up some of the main ergonomic issues that should be addressed in the design of work environments and facilities.     

论教育人类学的学科性质与研究方法

教育人类学作为人类学的一个分支学科形成于20世纪中叶。教育人类学有不同的流派。以美、英为代表的"文化—教育人类学"强调经验研究,注重田野工作和民族志撰写。在我国,教育人类学与民族教育学有密切的关系,但两者在研究的对象和方法上有明显的不同。这种不同主要来源于作为其学科母体的人类学与民族学的区别。与综合运用各学科的方法对少数民族教育进行研究的民族教育学不同,教育人类学并不局限于少数民族的研究,在研究方法上也更注重田野工作等传统人类学方法的应用。     

专业社会工作者伦理价值选择之优先序列

专业社会工作是一种特殊的专业助人的职业。专业社会工作要实现其专业助人的使命,除了要具备一套完善的、成熟的专业方法和专业技巧,还必须形成一个较完备的、可操作的、能督导和考量的伦理价值序列。专业社会工作伦理价值之优先序列为:第一是"保护生命安全原则",第二是"营造机会平等原则",第三是"最小伤害原则",第四是案主"自主自决原则",第五是"保密原则"。