“袖”在中、朝舞蹈作品中运用异同之管见

"袖"舞是东方舞蹈的一大创造."袖"的运用,除延长了人的肢体,大大扩展了身体的表现力外,还通过舞者手臂、手腕、腰腹、身肢等不同力量、不同幅度的运动,使"袖"缭绕空际,变幻着无数的形态,其传情丰富、鲜明,超过了许多表情手段."袖"的徐缓、抑扬、飘忽、回旋所产生的形式美,完全可以把人们引入一个非物质的境界之中,赋予"袖"舞以人文精神内涵和意蕴,展现了"袖"舞的魅力和光环.     

中国心理学史与中国的本土心理学研究之比较

中国的本土心理学和中国心理学史研究既有区别,又有联系。中国的本土心理学以内发性本土化原则为指导,以中国人的心理行为和本土的传统心理学为研究对象,在研究方法上采取多元化的态度。中国心理学史以外在逻辑原则为主导原则,以中国心理学思想为研究对象,形成了系统的研究方法。中国的本土心理学和中国心理学史研究有相同的文化背景和研究价值,这构成了二者契合的前提。中国的本土心理学和中国心理学史可以相互借鉴,共同建构科学的中国心理学。     

从喻体和喻义看英汉比喻的文化差异

比喻性习语在英汉语言中大量存在,但由于两种语言反映的文化不同,使得英汉习语在比喻形象的运用上存在明显差异。文章介绍和比较了三种喻体在各自习语中的使用情况,并提出只有了解和掌握英汉比喻中的这种文化差异,才能在跨文化交际时准确无误地传递隐含在语言里的文化信息。     

A modified random-effect procedure for combining risk difference in sets of 2×2 tables from clinical trials

Summary Meta-analyses of sets of clinical trials often combine risk differences from several 2×2 tables according to a random-effects model. The DerSimonian-Laird random-effects procedure, widely used for estimating the populaton mean risk difference, weights the risk difference from each primary study inversely proportional to an estimate of its variance (the sum of the between-study variance and the conditional within-study variance). Because those weights are not independent of the risk differences, however, the procedure sometimes exhibits bias and unnatural behavior. The present paper proposes a modified weighting scheme that uses the unconditional within-study variance to avoid this source of bias. The modified procedure has variance closer to that available from weighting by ideal weights when such weights are known. We studied the modified procedure in extensive simulation experiments using situations whose parameters resemble those of actual studies in medical research. For comparison we also included two unbiased procedures, the unweighted mean and a sample-size-weighted mean; their relative variability depends on the extent of heterogeneity among the primary studies. An example illustrates the application of the procedures to actual data and the differences among the results. This research was supported by Grant HS 05936 from the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research to Harvard University.     

论西部开发中区域货币金融政策的选择

西部经济发展落后的重要原因之一在于资金的短缺.要发展西部经济,缩小东西部差距,有必要制定区域(差别)货币金融政策,包括差别再贷款权政策、差别存款准备金率和贴现率政策、差别利率政策以及在西部开发中试行资本项目可兑换政策和积极培育西部资本市场,发展区域金融中心等.     

构建以人为本的英语教学模式

传统的英语教育模式忽视了学生的个性意识、个性特点和个性需要,违背了人本主义的教育教学理念。如何提高教学效率一直是外语教师主要探讨的问题。文章运用人本主义的教学理念,结合实际探讨了如何构建以人为本的新型教学模式以改进英语教学,提高教学效率。以人为本的新型教学模式包括:创立民主愉悦的课堂教学环境、构建个性化的学习空间、设计师生共同探索的教学活动、建立协作性的教学模式。     

商标权保护与平行进口问题研究

文章从国际货物贸易中的专利平行进口问题的含义,重点在于对“权利穷竭”原则与“地域性”原则两种理论依据进行相关内容分析。通过分析世界各国对待商标平行进口的态度,对当前中国知识产权领域商标平行进口立法方向做出自己的判断。     

意象是心灵上的图画

探讨了意象的渊源及其互为影响、超越时空的意象差异、不同语境的理解与阐释以及意象作为文艺作品生命的细胞,并分析了它们在跨文化交流中所起的作用。     

Statistics for weighing benefits and harms in a proposed genetic substudy of a randomized cancer prevention trial

Summary.  When evaluating potential interventions for cancer prevention, it is necessary to compare benefits and harms. With new study designs, new statistical approaches may be needed to facilitate this comparison. A case in point arose in a proposed genetic substudy of a randomized trial of tamoxifen versus placebo in asymptomatic women who were at high risk for breast cancer. Although the randomized trial showed that tamoxifen substantially reduced the risk of breast cancer, the harms from tamoxifen were serious and some were life threaten-ing. In hopes of finding a subset of women with inherited risk genes who derive greater bene-fits from tamoxifen, we proposed a nested case–control study to test some trial subjects for various genes and new statistical methods to extrapolate benefits and harms to the general population. An important design question is whether or not the study should target common low penetrance genes. Our calculations show that useful results are only likely with rare high penetrance genes.     

英汉习语的文化翻译

由于文化背景的不同,英汉两种语言的习语文化内涵也有差异。该文先从思维方式、风俗习惯、宗教神话和地域环境四方面讨论了英汉习语文化内涵的不同,然后分析了引起习语翻译障碍的原因,依据等效翻译理论对习语翻译的方法作了简要探讨。