以交通肇事罪为视角解读共犯理论

在交通肇事逃逸致人死亡的情形中,指使人和肇事者的主观罪过既存在有故意也存在有过失。在四种情行中两者都可能构成共犯。根据最高人民法院的解释指使人以交通肇事罪的共犯论,且在刑法理论上一般认为交通肇事罪的主观罪过是过失。而传统的共犯理论认为共犯是故意犯罪。由此,理论界和最高人民法院的解释之间无疑产生分歧。运用"行为理论"或许能更好地解读共犯的主观罪过。     

刑事和解制度正当性新论

以刑法机理为标杆,丈量刑事和解制度存在之空间,认为刑事和解制度与刑法三大基本原则倡导刑罚公平正义、反对刑罚权滥用的精神相契合;系全面解读犯罪本质情形下的产物;属刑罚个别化、经济、谦抑、零刑罚、折扣刑罚等精神的大胆实践;打通了刑法与民法间的关节,填补了刑罚理论的罅隙,为刑法学研究与实践提供了新视野、新思路。     

实行行为观念之提倡

实行行为是指刑法分则条文类型性规定的具有法益侵害现实危险性的行为,它除具有刑法中行为的一般特征外,还具有规范性和定型性的特征。实行行为是犯罪构成的核心要素,因而本文提倡刑法立法及司法实践应当树立实行行为的观念,即刑罚发动以实行行为为限,没有实行行为就不得动用刑罚。在此观念指导下,我国刑法应当修订犯罪预备行为的处罚原则和范围,设立独立教唆罪,限制刑法中“等”、“其他”等不明确的规定。     

教育领域职务犯罪及权力制约机制的构建

论题对教育领域职务犯罪问题进行了分析研究,认为我国教育领域在监督机制上存在着重大的缺陷——即权力制约的失控,导致了在学校图书教材、设备采购,基建工程和招生录取等方面屡屡出现了贪污贿赂、渎职失职、滥用职权等违法犯罪。论题提出了在教育系统应建立独立监察员制度和独立监察员责任追究制,实行监督机制的改革创新,使我国教育事业向着健康、有序、廉洁、高效的方向发展。     

河南城镇化进程中的犯罪问题研究

河南省城镇化实施中心城市带动战略,对犯罪形势变化将产生深刻的影响:犯罪率将呈现先升后降最终稳定的态势;流动人口犯罪、青少年犯罪、女性犯罪、职务犯罪等将会激增;各种类型犯罪在短期内都会大量增加;一些社会管理控制相对薄弱的"边缘地带"有可能成为犯罪孳生地。河南省应实行综合治理的犯罪防控战略。     

Falling into the existential abyss: Ivan Franko’s realist prose in experiments with Gothic and crime fiction modes

This article examines three novels by Ukrainian realist Ivan Franko (1856–1916): Dlia domashn'oho ohnyshcha (For the Home Hearth, 1892), Osnovy suspil'nosti (Pillars of Society, 1894), and Perekhresni stezhky (Fateful Crossroads, 1900). Previous scholars saw elements of crime fiction in these works, but the actual relationship between the two genres of crime fiction and realism has not been fully developed. By studying the conventions of crime fiction, along with its antecedent, the Gothic, and their influence on Franko, the author shows the make-up of the early Ukrainian crime fiction genre and points to its importance in understanding Franko’s vacillation between realist and modernist tendencies. As she argues, the scales of his vacillation are tipped toward modernism in its decadent form, an existential void that characterized fin de siècle Europe. Hence, Franko’s “ideal” or programmatic realism (defined by Franko as a literary style with a didactic tendency aimed at educating society), which he introduced under the appealing cover of crime and Gothic motifs, ultimately failed him. The author proposes that it is the creative modes (Gothic and crime fiction) that Franko chose for voicing his ideas about social reforms that led him, unsuspectingly, away from his programmatic goal and toward the decadent aspects of modernism.     

The victim–offender overlap in late adulthood

This study contributes to the general knowledge of the victim–offender overlap by determining whether the phenomenon exists among older adults and whether known correlates of crime and victimization explain the relationship. Cross-sectional survey data from telephone interviews conducted with individuals 60 years and older (N = 2,000) residing in Arizona and Florida are used to estimate confirmatory factor models for both victimization and criminal offending. The results from a series of multivariate regression models show that victimization is associated with criminal offending. While factors such as low self-control, depression, and spending time in commercial drinking establishments partially attenuate the victimization–crime link, the statistically significant relationship persists in a multivariate context. Further testing indicates that the observed findings are robust across measurement and modeling strategies. Coupled with prior research, the results support the argument that the victim–offender overlap exists (and is difficult to explain) over the life course.     

基于博弈模型的“罪刑均衡”思想分析

罪刑均衡思想由来已久,作为刑法理论中最基本的刑罚原则,在对犯人进行科处刑罚方面具有的重要意义早已得到承认,而在预防犯罪方面具有的作用却长期被忽视。犯罪行为实质上是犯人和政府之间的博弈。政府先制订刑法,犯人在观察到刑罚后才选择是否犯罪以及犯何种性质的罪。经济分析表明,改变刑罚的确定性和严厉性就能影响博弈的均衡,从而影响犯罪,刑罚之外的其它措施如果能改变犯罪的成本和收益,也能实现同样的目的,这为预防犯罪提供了一种新的思路。     

反思与重构:对结合犯概念的再思考

对结合犯概念的揭示应注意以下几个方面:不能脱离结合犯的初始意义,应反映结合犯的本质内涵和立法目的,不能脱离法律的实证规定,不能混淆规范刑法学与本体刑法学的界限,不能脱离犯罪成立的理论体系.所谓结合犯是指立法者基于特定立法目的的考虑,将两个具有内在联系性的犯罪(构成要件)规定为独立犯罪(构成要件)的情况.     

破产犯罪研究

随着市场经济的发展,破产已经成为社会经济生活中的自然现象,与之相关的破产犯罪日渐猖獗,对社会的危害也愈加严重。我国关于破产犯罪的立法存在严重缺陷和不足,不能适应打击和预防破产犯罪的需要,应加以完善。