大学生求职择业方法与技巧

随着我国就业形势的日益严峻,大学生在练好本领的同时掌握求职择业的方法与技巧十分重要。大学生求职择业时应广泛获取招聘信息,善于把握各种机遇,精心应对各种面试。     

Incorporating historical information to improve dose optimization design with toxicity and efficacy endpoints: iBOIN-ET

In modern oncology drug development, adaptive designs have been proposed to identify the recommended phase 2 dose. The conventional dose finding designs focus on the identification of maximum tolerated dose (MTD). However, designs ignoring efficacy could put patients under risk by pushing to the MTD. Especially in immuno-oncology and cell therapy, the complex dose-toxicity and dose-efficacy relationships make such MTD driven designs more questionable. Additionally, it is not uncommon to have data available from other studies that target on similar mechanism of action and patient population. Due to the high variability from phase I trial, it is beneficial to borrow historical study information into the design when available. This will help to increase the model efficiency and accuracy and provide dose specific recommendation rules to avoid toxic dose level and increase the chance of patient allocation at potential efficacious dose levels. In this paper, we propose iBOIN-ET design that uses prior distribution extracted from historical studies to minimize the probability of decision error. The proposed design utilizes the concept of skeleton from both toxicity and efficacy data, coupled with prior effective sample size to control the amount of historical information to be incorporated. Extensive simulation studies across a variety of realistic settings are reported including a comparison of iBOIN-ET design to other model based and assisted approaches. The proposed novel design demonstrates the superior performances in percentage of selecting the correct optimal dose (OD), average number of patients allocated to the correct OD, and overdosing control during dose escalation process.     

AIDE: Adaptive intrapatient dose escalation designs to accelerate Phase I clinical trials

Designing Phase I clinical trials is challenging when accrual is slow or sample size is limited. The corresponding key question is: how to efficiently and reliably identify the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) using a sample size as small as possible? We propose model-assisted and model-based designs with adaptive intrapatient dose escalation (AIDE) to address this challenge. AIDE is adaptive in that the decision of conducting intrapatient dose escalation depends on both the patient's individual safety data, as well as other enrolled patient's safety data. When both data indicate reasonable safety, a patient may perform intrapatient dose escalation, generating toxicity data at more than one dose. This strategy not only provides patients the opportunity to receive higher potentially more effective doses, but also enables efficient statistical learning of the dose-toxicity profile of the treatment, which dramatically reduces the required sample size. Simulation studies show that the proposed designs are safe, robust, and efficient to identify the MTD with a sample size that is substantially smaller than conventional interpatient dose escalation designs. Practical considerations are provided and R code for implementing AIDE is available upon request.     

网络图中多约束条件下的路径选择问题

本文探讨了多约束条件下的路径选择问题。本文的工作在于对多约束条件下的路径选择问题进行了规范的描述和分类,并针对各类问题讨论了典型的求解算法,同时对现有算法进行了改进,使其更适用于求解管理科学领域中的MCP问题,从而拓展了该问题的应用空间。     

基于矩陣正交分解的自适应算法

自适应算法是各种自适应系统的核心.计算稳定性是衡量算法优良程度的重要指标之一.本文讨了论两类最小二乘算法的计算稳定性.其一是基于正则方程的递推求解方法,这是目前各种自适应算法的基础;另一是正交分解算法.后者的计算稳定性要比前者高.研究了一种基本的正交分解自适应算法,并指出,如果初始条件恰当,它将得到和批处理同样的结果.将这种方法用于空间谱估计,初步结果表明,用它能实现高分辨率精确测向.     

农村剩余劳动力转移的途径探析

农村剩余劳动力的产生及其转移是经济理论界长期以来关注的焦点问题,多年来专家们从小城镇建设、农业产业化、农业户籍制度改革、建立城乡一体化的劳动力市场等不同方面进行了广泛、深入的研究,但从农村剩余劳动力的劳动技能与现代农业及城市工业对劳动力的要求不对称角度看尚显不足。发展农村文化教育,提高农村劳动力的文化技术水平,是实现剩余劳动转移的重要途径。     

A Three-Stage Bayesian Adaptive Phase I/II Design and Simulation Studies

Instead of using traditional separate phase I and II trials, in this article, we propose using a parallel three-stage phase I/II design, incorporating a dose expansion approach to flexibly evaluate the safety and efficacy of dose levels, and to select the optimal dose. In the proposed design, both the toxicity and efficacy responses are binary endpoints. A 3+3-based procedure is used for initial period of dose escalation at stage 1; at this level, the dose can be expanded to stage 2 for exploratory efficacy studies of phase IIa, while simultaneously, the safety testing can advance to a higher dose level. A beta-binomial model is used to model the efficacy responses. There are two placebo-controlled randomization interim monitoring analyses at stage 2 to select the promising doses to be recommended to stage 3 for further efficacy studies of phase IIb. An adaptive randomization approach is used to assign more patients to doses with higher efficacy levels at stage 3. We examine the properties of the proposed design through extensive simulation studies by using R programming language, and also compare the new design with the conventional design and a competing adaptive Bayesian design. The simulation results show that our design can efficiently assign more patients to doses with higher efficacy levels and is superior to the two competing designs in terms of total sample size reduction.     

阵列测向系统中模型误差的校正方法

在阵列测向问题中，模型误差是新型体制实用化的主要障碍之一。模型误差的校正可分为已知校正源校正和自校正两种类型。本文在现有的理论基础上，提出了几种具有实用价值的方法，并讨论了这些方法在实际系统的应用，给出了系统实验结果。     

丰厚的内容睿智的发现--评晓英著《点点滴滴在心头》

晓英著《点点滴滴在心头》,由心绪、韵致、缱绻、牵手、情愫等五个关键词牵出丰厚的内容,并有诸多 对社会、对人生的独异、敏感而睿智的发现。     

全球化语境与中国写作话语

全球化与中国文化的走向成为当今学术界的重要问题。本文从中国写作问题的语境出发 ,分析当代中国写作基本特点和发展形态。主要讨论了白色写作与零度写作观 ,文本间性的写作观 ,消费时代的身体写作 ,最后探讨全球化时代中国身份的“重新书写”。认为当代中国写作需要解决的主要问题是 :为谁写、怎样写、写什么 ,应该在“发现东方”的文化策略中坚持“中国写作立场”和“文化的可持续发展”,使中国当代写作话语成为可以同西方中心主义写作话语对话和互动的东方话语代表。