体育产业上市公司政府补助与经营绩效关系研究——基于股权集中度的调节效应检验

体育产业作为我国支柱产业之一,在提升经济总量、改善经济质量和促进社会就业等方面地位极其重要。以48家体育产业上市公司2011—2018年面板数据作为研究对象,运用固定效应回归方法及调节效应检验研究政府补助与经营绩效之间的关系及股权集中度对上述关系的调节作用。研究结果表明：政府补助与经营绩效显著正相关且存在一定的滞后效应,政府补助对企业绩效的影响随着时间的积累逐渐增强;股权集中度与经营绩效显著正相关,股权集中度可正向调节政府补助对企业经营绩效的影响。体育产业上市公司应合理利用政府补助的经营绩效提升作用,利用自身资源优势及投资机会以实现健康可持续发展。     

Study on a resource allocation formula for social services in Finland

This article considers how a specific need-based resource allocation formula for children's day care, income support, child welfare and other social services was developed. The formula is needed for the municipal allocation of state subsidies for social services, and the work was performed for the Ministry of Social Welfare and Health. Cross-sectional data were collected from the 436 Finnish municipalities and 37 small areas within the six largest cities. Because of the simultaneous relationship between supply and demand of services, two-stage least-square estimation and structural equations models were used in the analysis. After the effect of supply was removed from the service utilisation data, group-need factors (municipal variables) were found for these services. The new formula is financially and administratively feasible, transparent and reasonably simple.     

Environmental Taxes and the Choice of Green Technology

We study several important aspects of using environmental taxes to motivate the choice of innovative and “green" emissions‐reducing technologies as well as the role of fixed cost subsidies and consumer rebates in this process. In our model, a profit‐maximizing monopolistic firm facing price‐dependent demand selects emissions control technology, production quantity, and price in response to the tax, subsidy, and rebate levels set by the regulator. The available technologies vary in environmental efficiency as well as in the fixed and variable costs. Both the optimal policy for the firm and the social‐welfare maximizing policy for the regulator are analyzed. We find that the firm's reaction to an increase in taxes may be non‐monotone: while an initial increase in taxes may motivate a switch to a greener technology, further tax increases may motivate a reverse switch. For the regulator, we compare the social welfare achievable in the centralized system (which serves as an upper bound) to the highest level achievable under different classes of environmental policies. If the regulator is limited to a tax‐only policy, then when the regulator is moderately concerned with environmental impacts, the tax level that maximizes social welfare simultaneously motivates the choice of clean technology and closes the gap to the upper bound; however, both low and high levels of societal environmental concerns may lead to the choice of dirty technology and significant welfare losses as compared to the centralized case. Supplementing the environmental taxation with fixed cost subsidies and consumer rebates can eliminate this effect, expanding the range of parameters over which the green technology is chosen and often closing the welfare gap to the centralized solution.     

粮食直补对农户种粮积极性的影响

通过农户模型进行分析,理论推导的结论表明：在国内农业生产成本上升的背景下粮食补贴依然有效;运用2003-2010年全国农村固定观察点数据,使用面板Tobit模型以及面板数据分位数估计的方法证实了理论推导的结论。研究进一步表明,与粮食种植面积相挂钩的补贴方式对农户种粮积极性的激励作用要明显大于脱钩的补贴方式;此外,种粮成本对农户种粮积极性的抑制作用要远大于粮食直补的促进作用。     

政府补助与民营企业研发投入

在关于政府研发补助政策对企业研发投入影响效应的争论背景下,本文通过分析第9次全国民营企业抽样调查数据,发现政府研发补助政策对中国民营企业研发投入具有激励效应,但这一效应受到企业决策者、企业资源禀赋结构以及企业环境等企业系统相关属性的影响。本文认为,为了进一步推动企业创新研发活动,政府需要继续改善市场环境,并在补助政策上向那些在企业决策和资源禀赋结构上更趋向于自主研发创新的民营中小企业倾斜。     

在现行政府补贴政策条件下规模种粮大户的效益分析

通过对永川区种粮大户的调查,并与典型的水稻高产示范户和大面积生产上普通农户的种稻效益对比分析,结论为;在现行政府种粮扶持和补贴政策下,种粮大户种粮规模面积越大,总经营纯收益越高、为出租地农户提供的土地收益越多、为农村剩余劳动力提供的务工收入也越多、社会贡献也就越大;其单位面积种稻直接纯收益不如高产示范户,但比一般农户种稻收益水平高出许多.     

我国农村土地抛荒的关键因素研究

根据全国25个省（市）1985—2009年的面板数据,实证分析几个关键因素对农村土地抛荒（种粮补贴和粮食价格）的影响。结果表明：种粮补贴对农村土地抛荒的发生概率没有显著性影响,增加种粮补贴并未减少农村土地抛荒。原因在于种粮补贴机制不健全,政府应改变种粮补贴政策的具体执行方式,使之成为种粮的激励因素。粮食价格对农村土地抛荒的发生概率具有显著性影响,提高粮食价格能减少农村土地抛荒,但作用有限,其原因一是第一产业收入低于工资性收入,不再成为农户最重要的收入来源;二是粮食市场体系不完善。因此,政府应打破粮食市场垄断局面,粮食收购企业应建立粮食质量信息甄选机制,消除信息不对称和逆向选择,促进粮食收购企业和粮农之间的良性循环。     

论渔业行业协会法律问题

渔业行业协会是由渔业部门作为业务主管单位的行业协会,除具有同业性、自愿性、非营利性、民间性、自治性等行业协会共有的特征外,还具有规模小、经济实力弱、公民文化意识弱等特征。阐述渔业行业协会的概念、特征、功能和分类,分析所面临的法律政策问题,指出应制定专门的渔业行业协会条例,行政审批、登记的设定和实施应遵守《行政许可法》,尊重协会的自治权,依法规定政府对渔业行业协会的财政扶持政策,建立信息披露制度,依据行业影响力对其实施动态管理。     

惠民补贴发放过程中存在的问题及对策

国家2004年推行的惠农补贴政策,在一定程度上激发了广大农民生产的积极性,也体现了国家政策的导向和效应。与此同时,惠农补贴政策实施过程中也出现了许多矛盾和问题,文章就惠农资金发放存在的问题、成因及对策做了一些探讨和分析。     

高校住房制度改革十年探讨

住房制度不仅是经济制度的重要组成部分,也是社会制度的重要组成部分。通过住房 制度的改革,使其适应国民经济的发展和人民生活条件改善的需求,是实现国家长治久安, 学校全面健康发展的重要方面。住房实物福利分配的停止,住房补贴的逐步到位,使教职工 在住房的需求上已经由"要住房找校长",开始向"要住房找市场"的观念转移,这意味着 一种分配观念的结束,也集中反映了北航十年住房改革的重要成果。最终实现住房商品化、 购房社会化、管理物业化,是住房制度改革的根本目的。