Associations between measures of health-related physical fitness and cardiometabolic risk factors in college students

abstract

Objective: To determine the influence of health-related fitness on cardiometabolic risk factors in college students. Participants: 75 traditional students (33 men and 42 women, 21.8±1.8 years old) at a university in southeastern U.S. Methods: Height, weight, waist circumference, body composition, blood pressure, lipids, glucose, insulin, c-reactive protein, and glucose tolerance were measured. Indices of insulin sensitivity were calculated. Aerobic and muscular fitness were measured. Regression and correlation analyses, and comparisons of cardiometabolic markers in low- vs high-fit participants were performed. Results: Men and women with low muscular fitness exhibited higher fasting insulin, and poorer insulin sensitivity index scores than those with high muscular fitness. In addition, women with high body fat percentage exhibited higher fasting and 2-hour insulin levels and lower insulin sensitivity index scores than those with low body fat percentages. Conclusions: College students possessing low levels of health-related physical fitness exhibited less favorable cardiometabolic risk profiles.     

Psychophysical conditions and hormonal secretion in nurses on a rapidly rotating shift schedule and exposed to bright light during night work

Abstract

The psychophysical conditions of 15 young female nurses, working in a rapidly-rotating shift system (2-2-2-2), modified according to some psychophysiological criteria, and exposed to short period (4 × 20 min) of bright light (2350 Lux) during their night duty, were studied in order to evaluate their adaptation to night work and to test a possible positive effect on it of bright light. Subjective evaluations of work load and psychophysical conditions, performance measures, hormonal excretion (cortisol, 6-sulphatoxymelatonin and catecholamines), oral temperature and activity-sleep logs were taken during the shiftwork cycle, comprising one morning, one afternoon and two consecutive nights under normal and bright light. The results showed that this rapidly-rotating shift system had little effect upon the normal circadian rhythms of the body. Moreover, the lengthening of the night shift to 10 h can be considered to be acceptable, provided that work load is reduced and there are sufficient rest pauses available. On the other hand, the reduction to 7 h of the length of the day shifts and delayed start of the morning shift to 07:00 h appeared to be convenient both in relation to the work load and sleep duration. Some positive effects of bright light upon psychophysical conditions and performance efficiency were noted, while hormonal excretion and body temperature did not show any effect of bright light; in particular, melatonin excretion was not suppressed appreciably by the bright light used.     

桂林电子科技大学非英语专业英美文学教育的调查与研究

据问卷调查,桂林电子科技大学非英语专业学生开设英美文学公选课的决策是正确的,收到了一定的成效,但部分学生缺乏学习的兴趣;建立以讲授法为基本形式,多媒体、电教片和讨论法为辅助形式的教学方法体系,有利于提高英美文学公选课的教学效果;文学社团活动是英美文学教育的第二课堂,是对英美文学教学的有益补充;英美文学课是提高民族整体素质的人文工程中的重要一环,因此,笔者建议:理工科院校开设的公选课英美文学可改为必修课。     

欧氏平面上的占线中位选址问题分析

虽然在线研讨平台已经广泛应用并受到学术界的大量关注,它的信息组织结构却还是停留在非常原始的阶段。关于哪一类信息组织结构更适合在线研讨的研究一直很少,仅有的一些研究也很零散,并且研究结果难以统一,因此就非常迫切需要可以系统化解释在线群体研讨中最优信息组织结构的理论。文章从任务—技术匹配的观点出发,从沟通、协调组织和信息处理3个维度阐述了任务和信息组织结构之间的匹配关系,并将其用于预测不同任务—技术匹配环境下的研讨绩效。设计了实验来验证这种匹配关系与研讨绩效之间的关系。实验结果表明,对主意产生型任务,采用线性结构的研讨平台比采用树状结构的研讨平台具有更高的研讨绩效;对于决策型任务,采用树状结构的研讨平台比采用线性结构的研讨平台具有更高的研讨绩效。所展示的匹配分析的理论和方法具有一定的扩展性,当有新类型任务到来或新技术被发明时,就可以用这种方法去分析新任务和新技术的匹配性,进而预测群体的绩效。     

浙江省体育健身娱乐业供需结构及政策选择研究

本研究运用市场经济理论,通过对浙江省体育健身娱乐业经营者、管理者、消费者进行问卷及访谈调查,对浙江省体育健身娱乐业供给市场、需求市场和供需矛盾进行分析,揭示浙江省体育健身娱乐业发展的市场规律,为浙江省健身娱乐业的健康、持续发展提供政策建议。     

社区老年学习社团发展的支持策略研究

社区老年学习社团,是推动社区教育发展的重要主体,也是老年人继续社会化的主要形式。但多数社区老年学习社团的发展,由于缺少专业师资,活动平台有限,管理模式单一等问题存在,制约着社区教育的发展。新形势下,社区老年学习社团的发展,要立足于专业化,从发挥老年人自身主动性出发,优先为老年学习社团建立导师工作室,引导社团成员开展志愿服务,培育社团实践基地,组织社团成果展,为社区老年学习社团搭建“以学促学”的可持续发展路径。     

Club Drug Use,Sexual Behavior,and HIV Risk Among Community and Internet Samples of Hispanic MSM: Implications for Clinicians

ABSTRACT

Hispanic men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk of HIV infection. This study reports on the club drug use and sexual behaviors of two distinct samples (community and Internet) of Hispanic MSM living in the AIDS epicenter of Miami-Dade County. Both samples reported high rates of unprotected anal sex and high numbers of sex partners; rates of club drug use (cocaine, ecstasy, methamphetamines, GHB, amyl nitrites, and Viagra) were also high. Recent use of club drugs was associated with both unprotected receptive and insertive anal sex in the Internet sample, but not in the community sample. Implications for social work practice are discussed.     

清代子弟书题材来源考

子弟书是清代雍正、乾隆年间,北京八旗子弟创造的一种说唱文学,其内容有78%来自明清时期流行的戏曲和小说,22%为八旗子弟的原创作品。这一结果与清代八旗子弟对汉文小说、戏曲的痴迷有重要的关系,他们对故事艺术效果的重视,也提高了其作品的文学价值。     

Bodywork and bodily capital among youth using fitness gyms

In this article, we explore what had become a predominant focus on the body and on shaping and refining the body through frequent, intensive workout and strict, controlled diets among a group of young people engaged in strength training in fitness gyms in Denmark. Theoretically and analytically, we draw inspiration from French sociologist Loïc Wacquant’s ethnographic study of professional boxers in Chicago around 1990. First, we use the concept of bodywork to explore and understand the meaning of the young people’s exercise and diet practices. We argue that the young people’s bodywork can be understood as the building up of bodily capital. Second, we aim to explore the social implications of this bodywork. We explore how and in what ways the young people’s bodily capital can be converted into other resources, or forms of capital, that are essentially social: social relations and sense of connectedness; knowledge, expertise and future plans; and recognition, self-worth and identity.     

The Teachers’ Page

This research describes how enrolling students in an afterschool Geography Club affects their perception of the discipline and their geographic literacy. The creation of the afterschool club at this particular school came out of the recognition of the need to increase students’ exposure to geographical content. The results of this study show the following improvements in students’ geographic literacy when they experience an increased exposure to geographic content: place recognition, application of geographic theory, establishment of connections between geographic facts and the students’ daily lives, and awareness of other cultures. The emergence of such patterns confirms the benefits that can be derived from enhancing students’ geographic literacy.