制约高校课外体育俱乐部发展的因素研究——以20所高校课外体育俱乐部的调查为证

高校学生课外体育俱乐部是学生课外活动的重要组成部分,其作用体现在以下3个方面:有利于克服体育教学中的不足;有利于培养学生能力,体现以学生为主体的教育理念;有利于开拓体育活动时间和空间。采用问卷调查与访谈结合的方法对当前制约高校课外体育俱乐部发展的因素进行了研究,认为缺乏对课外体育俱乐部的足够重视,管理模式有缺陷、职责不明、经费不足、活动场地没有保障,缺乏高水平的体育俱乐部教练员,课外体育俱乐部与业余体育训练的分离是制约课外体育俱乐部发展的主要因素。提出了促进高校课外体育俱乐部可持续发展的对策。     

我国城市社区体育发展面临的机遇和挑战

城市公共基础设施严重匮乏,城市体育消费环境恶化,体制障碍等因素,桎梏了我国城市社区体育的可持续发展。要完善我国城市社区体育服务体系,建立政府主导与城市社区自主发展相结合的城市社区体育运行机制,形成多元化的城市社区体育资金来源,场地设施资源优化配置的市场机制,为此,提出建立"社区主体,政府主导,居民参与"的发展理念,形成城市社区体育资源"共建、共有、共享、共荣"的管理格局。     

我国区域规划特点、问题及区域发展新格局

我国国家级区域规划不仅成为国家战略布局和区域发展政策的重要工具,同时也应当成为引领区域经济科学发展的行动指南。制定和出台国家级区域规划必须立足于国家整体战略,能够引导区域内各主体一致行动,规划实施的关键在于建立有效的区域协调机制。未来我国沿海经济带将走向＂俱乐部趋同＂,大城市圈对区域资源配置的主导性增强,产业资本将替代劳动力成为要素流动的主体,民族地区经济的战略地位跃升。     

湛江市高校学生瑜伽健身开展现状及影响因素分析

采用测量法、实验法与数理统计等方法,对湛江市高校学生瑜伽健身开展现状与影响因素进行调查,结果表明：①学生对瑜伽认识程度基本处于接触阶段;②女大学生参与瑜伽健身的积极性明显高于男生;③影响高校学生瑜伽健身活动开展的影响因素有：瑜伽指导员的水平、练习场地与音响设备的使用等.该研究可为促进广东省粤西地区大学生瑜伽健身开展和普及提供参考依据.     

Fitness Profiles and Activity Patterns of Entering College Students

Abstract

Fitness levels of American youth have shown a marked decline in the last decade, according to recent studies. To determine whether such a tendency persists for entering college students, the authors evaluated 115 male and 143 female students for performance on the following fitness-related variables: (1) maximal oxygen consumption (estimated from Astrand cycling protocol), (2) body composition (skin-fold techniques), (3) muscle endurance (sit-up protocol), (4) muscle strength (bench-press protocol), and (5) joint flexibility (upper and lower body protocols).

Although neither men nor women exhibited high levels of cardiorespiratory fitness, the women in the study showed higher relative levels than their male counterparts. Both groups showed excellent levels of muscle strength (compared with normative standards), but they achieved only an average standard for muscle endurance. Findings of relatively low levels of cardiovascular fitness compared with levels of muscle strength, particularly in men, seem to be a reflection of an inappropriate concentration of physical activity.     

An Evaluation of Physical Fitness Parameters for Graduate Students

Abstract

Although graduate physical therapy students are taught the principles of fitness for incorporation into their professional lives, they have difficulty finding the time to implement these principles during graduate school. The authors studied 3 successive classes of graduate physical therapy students at the beginning and ending of their respective programs. They found that the women's percentages of body fat were significantly greater over the period of the study. The men's lower extremity strength decreased at the slower speeds (60 degrees/second), and the women showed increased strength at the higher speeds (180 and 240 degrees/second, respectively). Male grip strength significantly increased over the period of the study. To decrease students' percentages of body fat and increase their strength, the authors asserted that physical therapy students should be allowed more time to participate in fitness activities during their graduate school years.     

重庆市跆拳道俱乐部教练员的现状调查与分析

文章运用文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理统计法等对重庆市跆拳道俱乐部教练员的年龄结构、性别结构、学历层次、资格证书、段位等级、来源情况、执教年限、科研现状等进行调查和分析,并在此基础上得出调查结论,提出建设性意见.     

SPECIAL ISSUE： REGIONAL CONVERGENCE AND COORDINATED URBAN GROWTH Spatial Spillovers and the Convergence of Regional Economic Growth： A Case Study Based on the Yangtze River Delta

空间俱乐部趋同是指经济增长初始条件和结构特征相似且空间上相邻的一组区域的经济增长收敛于相同的稳态,是区域经济增长俱乐部趋同的一个新研究领域,其发生机制是空间外溢促成区域经济出现地方化增长,进而导致空间俱乐部趋同。运用包含空间外溢的区域经济增长理论模型可以证明,空间外溢有可能导致空间俱乐部趋同。对中国长江三角洲1990--2007年区域经济增长过程所做的经验分析也表明,空间外溢对区域经济增长确有影响,空间俱乐部趋同客观存在。在考虑空间外溢的情况下,长江三角洲的空间俱乐部趋同速度为1．57％。     

Estimating Ethnic Genetic Interests: Is It Adaptive to Resist Replacement Migration?

Analyses of the costs and benefits of immigration have not considered the dependence of an ethny's reproductive fitness on its monopoly of a demarcated territory. Global assays of human genetic variation allow estimation of the genetic losses incurred by a member of a population when random fellow ethnics are replaced by immigrants from different ethnies. This potential loss defines an individual's ethnic genetic interest as a quantity that varies with the genetic distance of potential immigrants. W. D. Hamilton showed that self-sacrificial altruism is adaptive when it preserves the genetic interests of a population of genetically similar individuals. Ethnic genetic interest can be so large that altruism on behalf of one's ethny—'ethnic nepotism'—can be adaptive when it prevents replacement. It follows that ethnies usually have an interest in securing and maintaining a monopoly over a demarcated territory, an idea consonant with the universal nationalism of Bismarck and Woodrow Wilson.     

A male fitness advantage to wing reduction in the oriental chinch bug,Cavelerius saccharivorus okajima (heteroptera: Lygaeidae)

Summary A male fitness advantage to wing reduction was investigated for the oriental chinch bug,Cavelerius saccharivorus, which is wing dimorphic. Field surveys for the frequency of matings between wing morphs showed that the mating probability was much higher in brachypterous males than in macropterous males in the early breeding season. Brachypterous males copulated with not only brachypterous females but also macropterous females in this season. This led to a considerable rate (30%) of insemination of macropterous females just before emigration even in the early breeding season. A rearing experiment for the pre-reproductive period of females revealed that females mated with brachypterous males copulated and oviposited earlier than females mated with macropterous males. These results indicate that there is a fitness advantage to wing reduction in the males ofC. saccharivorus in terms of the earlier sexual maturation.