扭带管内油的受迫对流换热实验

以30~#透平油为工质,对在光管内插入三种不同扭率扭带的受迫流动的冷、热态流阻及换热性能进行了实验。实验的雷诺数为200～1150,普朗特数为320～590,实验结果表明:在本实验范围内,插有不同扭率的全长连续扭带管的换热系数为光管的1.7～2.6倍,而阻力系数为光管的3～7.5倍;且扭率的大小对扭带的流阻与换热影响较大。另外,还对间断扭带管内油的受迫对流换热进行了实验。     

基于服务蓝图理论的客运站车方服务质量评价研究

为提升客运站自身市场竞争力,改善其对车方的服务质量管理,以车方客户作为提升服务质量管理对象,在服务蓝图理论的基础上,针对性地建立起具有18项评价指标的车方服务质量评价体系,并应用改进的IPA分析法进行服务质量评价与改进研究,指出客运站应在车方行包服务、司乘人员信息服务以及停车位数量与管理等方面进行重点改进。     

A Qualitative Exploration of Self-Regulation Behaviors Among Older Drivers

While much of the research on aging and driving has focused on sensory and motor changes, little is known about older drivers and the actual self-regulation adjustments they employ to continue driving safely. This research looks at how older drivers have made changes to driving patterns and behaviors that have allowed them to continue to drive without compromising their perceived safety, independence, and quality of life. Nine focus groups were held with older men and women aged 58 to 89 years. Some of the major themes that emerged were the following: older adults are very aware of age-related changes to driving; they perceive that self-regulation behaviors change with age; and they view transportation alternatives as limited or nonexistent. Policy implications include developing functional transit programs for older adults and car manufacturer training workshops to educate older adults on the safety features of newly purchased automobiles.     

Walking the Tightrope: Developing a Systems Approach to Balance Safety and Mobility for an Aging Society

In an aging population, safety and mobility are often viewed as being in conflict, when in fact they are two values that must be reflected equally in transportation policy. The challenge for policy makers and for society is to emphasize and optimize both. To achieve this, a comprehensive systems approach to driver health, personal decision-making and planning, community and transportation systems construction, vehicle design, and licensing regulations is needed. Such an approach requires crafting policies based on conceptualizing the issue as a continuum of resources facilitating safety and mobility regardless of driving status. The discussion that follows reviews components of the issue and suggestions for developing a comprehensive approach.     

我国航空运输LTO阶段和巡航阶段排放量测算与预测

利用国际民航组织的发动机排放数据库和我国航空运输的生产数据,测算2011—2016年我国航空运输在LTO阶段和巡航阶段各种污染物的排放量。同时,针对典型机型、典型机场和典型航线进行相关污染物排放量的测算。研究方法和研究结论对于测算和治理我国航空运输排放产生的环境外部成本具有重要意义。     

重庆城市交通拥堵问题及缓解对策研究

分析重庆市主城区城市交通发展与运行现状以及面临的各种严峻挑战,借鉴国内外先进城市“公交优先”可持续城市交通发展的主导战略经验,提出明确公共交通为主的发展模式、确保公交路权优先、优化公交线网结构、企事业单位镨时上下班、加强机动车管理等对策,以缓解重庆市主城区的交通拥堵。     

Voluntary and Involuntary Driving Cessation in Later Life

This study explores the decision-making process of driving cessation in later life, with a focus on voluntariness. The sample included 83 former drivers from the Baltimore Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study. A majority of participants (83%) reportedly stopped driving by their own decision. However, many voluntary driving retirees reported external factors such as financial difficulty, anxiety about driving, or lack of access to a car as main reasons for driving cessation. These findings imply that distinction between voluntary and involuntary driving cessation is ambiguous and that factors beyond health status, including financial strain, play a role in the transition to non-driving.     

危险物品肇事罪若干争议问题研究

危险物品肇事罪的主体是一般主体;单位和对危险物品的作业活动进行指挥、管理的人员以及对保障上述活动安全的劳动安全设施负责维护、管理的人员均能成为本罪的犯罪主体。刑法中的危险物品是指由于其化学、物理或者毒性特性,在生产、储存、运输、使用的过程中能够危及人身安全或财产安全的爆炸性、易燃性、放射性、毒害性、腐蚀性的物品。"生产、存储、运输、使用"危险物品的活动不要求必须是合法进行的,同时也不限于必须在业务活动中实施;本罪中的"生产、储存、运输、使用"活动包括对军用危险物品的"生产、储存、运输、使用"。     

A Need-Based Measure of Consumer Well Being (CWB) in Relation to Personal Transportation: Nomological Validation

This paper reports the results of three studies designed to test the nomological validity of a consumer well-being (CWB) measure in relation to personal transportation. The CWB measure was developed guided by the theoretical notion that the CWB in relation to personal transportation vehicles is significantly enhanced when the consumption of the vehicle meets the full spectrum of human developmental needs (i.e., safety, economic, family, social, esteem, actualization, knowledge, and aesthetics needs). The nomological validity of the CWB measure was tested by exploring the various antecedents and consequences of the construct. This was done in three separate studies in which the results of one study prompted further conceptual development and additional testing. The overall findings of the three studies provided support for the nomological validity of the CWB measure.     

Motor Vehicles in China: The Impact of Demographic and Economic Changes

While China's transportation sector is relatively small compared to other nations—both in absolute terms and relative to the size of the population—the nation is currently experiencing one of the highest annual motorization growth rates in the world. This rapid growth has raised both excitement among business leaders over the potentially enormous market for automobiles and concern among environmentalists over their further impact on the global environment. This paper examines the influence of population growth, increased urbanization, and economic development on the rapid growth of motor vehicles in China, and considers their implications for future motor vehicle growth in the country.