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121.
从用户使用视角出发,基于用户技术接受模型,以深圳市政府数据开放平台为例,设计14个观察指标,研究政府开放数据的有用性和易用性。深圳市政府数据开放平台具有开放有序、回应及时和激励正向三大特色,同时存在创设数据场景不丰富、获取数据资源途径单一、利用成果数量少及质量不高、平台用户评价不积极及参与度低等不足。据此,提出以用户需求为导向、提升用户数字素养、构建政府部门的激励约束机制和跨部门跨层级的协同机制等政策建议。 相似文献
122.
爱默生、梭罗和惠特曼的肯定性“自我”书写与霍桑、梅尔维尔、爱伦·坡等的否定性“自我”书写共同为美国独立民族意识和国族文学的构建奠定了基础。美国的个人主义更深入地植根于前者的超验主义主体思想中,但由于对“自我”内在神性和超验原则的强调,其主体思想陷入唯我和超验的困境,促使他们不得不进行反思与修正。当代美国哲学家、汉学家安乐哲吸收中西传统的有关思想,提出以儒家角色伦理学作为走出西方个人主义困境的有效途径。爱默生、梭罗和惠特曼的“自我”书写与儒家角色伦理学的人学思想有趋同倾向,前者呈现从抽象道德主体到具象道德主体、从自我内在性到自然外在性及群体外在性的转变趋势,这一转向与儒家角色伦理学对具象外在性人际关系的关注有共通之处,由此可见儒家思想的普遍意义。 相似文献
123.
以涉海ESP课程特点及痛点为切入点,以“海洋科技英语”课程之“水产养殖”单元为例,展示了涉海ESP与混合式教学的融合途径——“线上涉海文化知识输入-线下涉海模拟任务产出-线上涉海个性化成果展示”。通过混合研究方法分析融合效果发现,该融合途径能在一定程度上提升学生的学习效率、交际能力和个性化学习能力。但是,在学习资源的新颖性、学生多媒体制作能力方面,仍有提升空间。通过教师反思提出构建多样化创意数字资源库以丰富线上涉海学习资源,提升学生的学习积极性和学习效率,增强学生多媒体制作能力,以促进个性化涉海成果的完成,提升学生的个性化学习能力。 相似文献
124.
王宗忠 《上海理工大学学报(社会科学版)》2022,44(4):346-351
对近十年来国内医学用途英语教学研究进展进行了整体回顾和概要总结。利用中国知网CNKI文献分析工具,对2011至2020年发表的医学用途英语学术论文进行检索统计,从发文量、文献来源、作者及机构分布、研究主题、研究视角等维度进行进展分析。研究发现,知网共发表相关主题论文342篇,其中核心期刊论文26篇,主要从医学用途英语所面临的挑战、需求分析、教学模式、教学改革、教材编写以及医学用途英语教师转型发展等视角展开讨论。研究认为未来的医学用途英语教学研究需要走“外语+医学”跨学科特色发展路径,以培养更多面向新时代的复合型医学人才。 相似文献
125.
随着全球数字贸易的迅猛发展,当前WTO多边框架下数字贸易规则存在缺失,使得数字贸易治理呈现出区域化趋势。为探究亚太地区数字贸易治理前景,预判亚太经济体参与数字贸易治理的可能路径,基于《数字经济伙伴关系协定》(DEPA),采用文献分析、规则文本对比、逻辑推演等研究方法,对亚太地区数字贸易治理的议题广度和深度、谈判模式、模块特征、关注焦点及竞争格局进行全面系统的分析研判。研究认为,未来亚太数字贸易治理主要呈现以下趋向:数字贸易治理将涵盖更多新兴技术领域,传统议题也会趋于更高标准; 专门协定的高效率将驱使数字贸易议题逐渐与传统议题相剥离,协定的框架形式也将采取开放、灵活、包容的“主题模块”形式。数字包容性发展、数字便利化等议题将是亚太数字贸易治理的焦点议题; 亚太数字贸易治理的大国博弈将以中美两国为中心,中小经济体也会以“联合抱团”来争取某些议题的话语权。 相似文献
126.
Evolution strategies (ESs) are a special class of probabilistic, direct, global optimization methods. They are similar to genetic algorithms but work in continuous spaces and have the additional capability of self-adapting their major strategy parameters. This paper presents the most important features of ESs, namely their self-adaptation, as well as their robustness and potential for parallelization which they share with other evolutionary algorithms.Besides the early (1 + 1)-ES and its underlying theoretical results, the modern ( + )-ES and (, )-ES are presented with special emphasis on the self-adaptation of strategy parameters, a mechanism which enables the algorithm to evolve not only the object variables but also the characteristics of the probability distributions of normally distributed mutations. The self-adaptation property of the algorithm is also illustrated by an experimental example.The robustness of ESs is demonstrated for noisy fitness evaluations and by its application to discrete optimization problems, namely the travelling salesman problem (TSP).Finally, the paper concludes by summarizing existing work and general possibilities regarding the parallelization of evolution strategies and evolutionary algorithms in general. 相似文献
127.
128.
Using judgments obtained in interviews with 33 Massachusetts physicians, the annual statewide volume of expenditures incurred for defensive medical reasons in 1982 was estimated to be $1.0 billion, 12% of all medical care expenditures. Estimates for the nation were $37 billion, 14% of expenditures. Nationally, 180,000 cesarean deliveries were thought to be performed for defensive motives. In their own institutions, respondents judged 43% of all skull x-rays following injury to be medically justified, 30% to be defensive medicine, 16% to be placebos, and 11% to be physician misjudgments. In considering the economic and noneconomic costs of medical malpractice procedures, the dollar costs of insurance were considered most serious, followed closely by defensive medicine, unfairness, and poorer relations with patients. Thirty-two percent of the responsibility for the negative aspects of malpractice processes was assigned to lawyers, 21% to physicians, 18% to legislatures and courts, 16% to patients, and 13% to insurance companies. 相似文献
129.
Keith Hope 《Social science research》1984,13(1):20-37
Mobility analysis has traditionally concentrated on the task of charting flows in the two-way contingency table which relates occupational origin to occupational destination. It has not yet undertaken a unified analysis of intergenerational and intragenerational aspects of mobility. And only rarely does it incorporate terms which represent ordered concepts such as inequality or vertical movement. In contrast, path analysis has typically imposed strong orderings on the data, and it has been employed to tease out the relations among several occupational variables. Its main defect is that it entirely abstracts from shifts in mean occupational position, and also from change in the shape of the occupational distribution. Yet both of these are important sources of mobility. The present paper shows how two innovations in mobility analysis may be generalized to constitute a technique which unites the strengths of path analysis with those of log-linear analysis. The two innovations are (a) the conceptual disaggregation of perfect and exchange mobility, and (b) the imposition of an ordered component within each (K. Hope, 1981, Sociology 15, 19–55). The outcome of this generalization is a simple yet powerful account of mobility in Britain. 相似文献
130.
Hapenney S 《Evaluation and program planning》1978,1(1):79-81
Federal legislation regarding health care in the U.S. has increased rapidly in the past few years. A major law with potential far-reaching effects was enacted as a result of increasing legislation and rising health care costs. This law,The National Health Planning and Resources Development Act,has created a network of over 200 local, mostly nongovernment units, called health systems agencies. These agencies are responsible for areawide health planning, plan implementation, review and approval of federal health care expenditures for local programs, and facilities review. They will affect health and mental health programs at the local level. The article is directed to local health and mental health care providers who will, of necessity, deal directly with the local HSA's. 相似文献