贪污罪的客观方面研究

贪污罪的客观方面在我国刑法理论及司法实践中有很多问题都存在着争议。对利用职务上的便利的理解,应当把握公务性、直接性、内容的特定性三个特点。侵吞是指行为人利用职务上的便利,将业已持有的公共财物非法变更为自己或者第三人所有。窃取是指以秘密的方式获取行为人与他人共同管理或者经手的财物。骗取是指采取欺骗手段将处于他人主管、经手的或者是行为人与他人共同主管、经手的公共财物非法占有的行为。     

手机短信诈骗犯罪控制的路径选择

短信诈骗近年来长期处于高发态势,犯罪人利用被害人的心理弱点设置骗局骗取财物。短信诈骗案件的频发包括制度、社会以及个体等多方面的原因。因此,我们有必要通过社会宣传、法律规制、技术防范、行政监管和责任追究等路径来控制短信诈骗犯罪。     

网络技术服务犯罪参与的共犯归责困境及其理论重构

网络治理的“最大变量”在技术服务犯罪化的“最大增量”中呈现张力。信息网络犯罪的技术基础性、技术归责和主体归责的边界混同,导致技术服务犯罪参与处罚范围扩张、司法认定缺乏定型性。例外、常规、中立模式的归责方案存在理论缺陷。以新型网络犯罪独立说为代表的独立归责模式存在法益保护、构成要件、罪量标准的解释障碍,网络黑灰产业链的组织架构并未改变网络帮助行为的违法从属性。主体关系反向认定行为关系的“基础犯罪事实-辅助犯罪事实”区分之中,行为不法层面的技术服务行为具有事实、规范、程序的双重从属性,结果归责兼具参与性和独立性,实现罪责自负原则下的罪刑均衡。     

许霆案的法律真相——利用计算机实施的合同诈骗罪

重提许霆案似乎有些不合时宜,可是,盗窃罪定性并非本案的法律真相,以致于在许霆被假释出狱之后,对这一定性的质疑还在继续。同时,盗窃罪定性亦不能担当本案作为标本的重任。本案中的ATM并不存在故障,以此为前提将本案定性为盗窃缺乏说服力,即便动用刑法第63条第2款对许霆轻判也难以服众,因为盗窃方式的改变并不改变盗窃罪侵犯财产权利的社会危害性,该条款的动用师出无名。事实上,许霆的行为属于利用计算机实施的合同诈骗罪,根据我国刑法第287条的规定,应当以第224条规定的合同诈骗罪定罪处罚,以此定性为基础,量刑与本案最后的量刑基本一致。所以,只要改变本案的定性,不改变其量刑,便可还许霆一个公道,使本案的标本价值得以彰显。     

Bad News about Bad News: The Disclosure of Risks to Insurability in Research Consent Processes

Many people have difficulty in generating random numbers. This difficulty suggests that potentially fabricated numbers encountered in investigations of scientific misconduct be examined for nonrandom behavior. The present paper shows that even with a conscious effort to construct random digits, many subjects are unable to produce digits with a uniform distribution. For this study, subjects were directed to try to produce random digits in three places in order to fabricate a series of “pick 3”; lottery numbers. Subjects were most successful at producing a random (uniform) distribution of digits for the leftmost place; however, success at one place was not associated with success at another. In addition, subjects did not select all digits with equal frequency. Of 8,280 digits chosen in this study, the order from most to least chosen was 1, 2, 3, 6, 4, 9, 7, 0, 8, 5. Finally, no strong correlations among subjects’ digit choices were found. The conscious effort by these subjects to produce random digits stands in contrast with the usual case of data fabrication in which the fabricator must devote a conscious effort to choose leftmost digits so the number has the magnitude desired and pays little or no attention to the fact that the rightmost digits should be random. The results of the present paper indicate that even if a data‐fabricator were aware that error digits would be examined for uniformity, success in constructing uniform error distributions is not guaranteed. The difficulty that people have in creating random error digits supports the utility of examining such digits in investigations of scientific misconduct.     

以经济法手段治理会计信息不实的研究

会计信息对于经济社会活动至关重要,但会计信息不实的现象却普遍存在。从1929—1933年的世界经济危机与2008年的世界金融危机可以看出,传统法律手段治理会计信息不实存在困境,为全面有效控制会计信息不实,需要寻求新的能弥补传统法律治理会计信息不实的手段——经济法手段。在论述经济法手段治理会计信息不实的必要性、现实性的基础上,提出经济法治理会计信息不实的路径选择和具体的治理手段。     

包价旅游消费中旅游者权益保护研究

中国首部《旅游法》的颁布施行,有助于逐步改善旅游中存在的问题,使中国的旅游业健康发展。但是《旅游法》中部分条款的正确理解和适用尚需要实践的积累和理论的支撑。在包价旅游消费过程中,游客常会面临旅游经营者的不公平格式条款、欺诈、违约等侵权问题,而现有规定尚不足以为旅游者撑起一把牢固的保护伞,这就需要立法者根据司法经验,进一步改进和完善相关规定,使《旅游法》真正发挥旅游者法律护身符的功能。     

Correlates of Susceptibility to Scams in Older Adults Without Dementia

This study examined correlates of susceptibility to scams in 639 community-dwelling older adults without dementia from a cohort study of aging. Regression models adjusted for age, sex, education, and income were used to examine associations between susceptibility to scams, measured by a five-item self-report measure, and a number of potential correlates. Susceptibility was positively associated with age and negatively associated with income, cognition, psychological well-being, social support, and literacy. Fully adjusted models indicated that older age and lower levels of cognitive function, decreased psychological well-being, and lower literacy in particular may be markers of susceptibility to financial victimization in old age.     

Retirement:

Stressful life events have been proposed as a possible cause of elder abuse. This study investigates the influence of retirement status on marital conflict and physical violence using a nationally representative sample of 1238 respondents aged 55 years and older. No significant differences were found between retired men and women compared to their nonretired counterparts on measures of depression, stress, marital conflict, and violence. Future research should examine other life events, such as serious illness of one partner or changes in living situation, that might have a more significant impact on marital discord in later life.     

恶意透支型信用卡诈骗罪研究

自最高人民法院和最高人民检察院《关于妨害信用卡管理刑事案件具体应用法律若干问题的解释》出台以来,司法实务界一直致力于准确理解其规定并加以适用。理论界需要正视信用卡产业自身的迅猛、粗放型发展过程中内含的机制性瑕疵和司法实务界对恶意透支型信用卡诈骗罪的一种简单化处理的倾向。对恶意透支型信用卡诈骗罪在司法实践中遇到的一些争议性项目需要加以界定、探讨,如“恶意透支与善意透支”、“银行催收要求”、“持卡人认定”等问题,努力达到一种既符合金融信贷业发展规律又与刑法精神相契合的解读,并提出一种民事与刑事法律法规合力互动的“民刑应对机制”的设想。