The Design of Scoring Schemes for Surveys Using the Block Total Response Method

ABSTRACT

In this article we investigate the design of scoring schemes for surveys using the block total response method. This method was first proposed by Raghavarao and Federer (1979 Raghavarao , D. , Federer , W. T. ( 1979 ). Block total response as an alternative to the randomized response method in surveys . J. Roy. Statist. Soc. 41 ( 1 ): 40 – 45 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]  [Google Scholar]) to provide accurate estimates of the base rates of sensitive characteristics using balanced incomplete block designs. The scoring scheme used in Raghavarao and Federer (1979 Raghavarao , D. , Federer , W. T. ( 1979 ). Block total response as an alternative to the randomized response method in surveys . J. Roy. Statist. Soc. 41 ( 1 ): 40 – 45 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]  [Google Scholar]) did not guarantee anonymity of answers and so the possibility of improving on this basic scoring scheme is considered in this article.     

A study of several useful tests for ordered alternatives in the randomized block design

This study investigates the small sample powers of several tests designed against ordered location alternatives in randomized block experiments. The results are intended to aid the researcher in the selection process. Toward this end the small sample powers of three classes of rank tests — tests based on ‘within-blocks’ rankings (W-tests), ‘among-b locks’ rankings (A-tests), and ‘ranking after alignment’ within blocks (RAA-tests)— are compared and contrasted with the asymptotic properties given by Pirie (1974) as well as with the empirical powers of competing parametric procedures.     

Max‐infinitely divisible models and inference for spatial extremes

For many environmental processes, recent studies have shown that the dependence strength is decreasing when quantile levels increase. This implies that the popular max‐stable models are inadequate to capture the rate of joint tail decay, and to estimate joint extremal probabilities beyond observed levels. We here develop a more flexible modeling framework based on the class of max‐infinitely divisible processes, which extend max‐stable processes while retaining dependence properties that are natural for maxima. We propose two parametric constructions for max‐infinitely divisible models, which relax the max‐stability property but remain close to some popular max‐stable models obtained as special cases. The first model considers maxima over a finite, random number of independent observations, while the second model generalizes the spectral representation of max‐stable processes. Inference is performed using a pairwise likelihood. We illustrate the benefits of our new modeling framework on Dutch wind gust maxima calculated over different time units. Results strongly suggest that our proposed models outperform other natural models, such as the Student‐t copula process and its max‐stable limit, even for large block sizes.     

区块链应用下生态农产品供应链优化

利用博弈模型，对生态农产品供应链内部契约合作稳定情况进行研究，并就区块链技术如何保障生态农产品供应链稳定运行进行分析。分析认为：生态农产品供应链稳定运行情况受到市场风险制约，区块链技术能通过改善生态农产品供应链内部信息不对称现象，增加生态农产品供应链内部交易节省成本并提高主体违约成本，同时增加生态农产品供应链主体长期合作得益及协调主体合作，从而保障生态农产品供应链稳定运行。在此基础上，结合区块链技术特征对区块链技术应用下生态农产品供应链结构设计进行了探讨并对部分可能出现的问题进行了讨论。     

The Parshvanath yantram yields a constant-sum partially balanced incomplete block design

Yantrams have been used to generate mixture designs in the interior of a simplex. In this note, we show a connection between Parshvanath yantram and a particular partially balanced incomplete block design. This block design is rather special and somewhat unexpected due to the feature that sum of the treatment symbols in any block is constant.     

变载荷对45钢摩擦副摩擦磨损性能的影响

针对实际工况中,45钢是在有润滑的状态下工作,且所受的载荷是变化的情况,课题组在自行改装的MMS-2A型多功能摩擦磨损试验机上采用环一块接触摩擦方式进行了实验,研究了在油润滑状态下变载荷对45钢摩擦副摩擦磨损性能的影响,与干摩擦条件下的磨损性能进行对比;并对45钢磨损表面进行了观察。结果表明：干摩擦和油润滑状态下的45钢摩擦副的摩擦因数呈现不同的变化趋势;油润滑条件下的磨损量比干摩擦条件下的磨损量要小很多;在油润滑条件下,45钢的磨损机理主要表现为磨粒磨损和疲劳剥落。研究验证了油润滑的存在有助于改善材料的耐磨性。     

中美贸易摩擦对广东经济和税收收入的影响研究

为了研究中美贸易摩擦对广东省经济及税收收入的影响,探究减税降费政策进一步实施的空间,选取广东省GDP、进出口与税收数据,结合描述性统计与计量模型进行实证分析。研究认为,中美贸易摩擦对广东省的GDP与税收收入产生一定程度的影响,但是广东省的整体经济与税收收入依然保持着增长趋势;广东省的出口经济整体向好,对美出口企业和第二产业中的部分制造业受到影响。研究表明,广东省地方政府要进行合理的税收减免,降低消费税及其他小额税种的税率,落实税收优惠政策,降低企业税负促进GDP增长;坚持高水平对外开放,扶持出口企业开拓新兴市场,加大广东自贸区招商引资力度;打造科技创新平台,鼓励企业加强核心技术研发。     

Remove unwanted variation retrieves unknown experimental designs

Remove unwanted variation (RUV) is an estimation and normalization system in which the underlying correlation structure of a multivariate dataset is estimated from negative control measurements, typically gene expression values, which are assumed to stay constant across experimental conditions. In this paper we derive the weight matrix which is estimated and incorporated into the generalized least squares estimates of RUV-inverse, and show that this weight matrix estimates the average covariance matrix across negative control measurements. RUV-inverse can thus be viewed as an estimation method adjusting for an unknown experimental design. We show that for a balanced incomplete block design (BIBD), RUV-inverse recovers intra- and interblock estimates of the relevant parameters and combines them as a weighted sum just like the best linear unbiased estimator (BLUE), except that the weights are globally estimated from the negative control measurements instead of being individually optimized to each measurement as in the classical, single measurement BIBD BLUE.     

欧盟最新技术转让协议竞争规则研究

在知识经济时代,为了避免重复研发,并使技术的投入产出最大化,技术转让成为企业间的一项重要的交易内容。但是在促进技术创新的知识产权制度在保护创新技术的同时,在技术转让的过程中也会造成技术垄断和市场垄断,给市场公平竞争带来损害。欧盟是技术转让市场频繁和活跃的地区,随着经济的发展,欧盟修改了规制知识产权技术转让协议的竞争规则,通过以技术转让协议集体豁免条例为主的考察方法,全面、深入地分析相关竞争规则的立法背景、主要内容、特点及实践中的运行状况,特别是新协议中的安全港制度、经济分析的方法,为我国参与欧盟技术转让的企业提供借鉴。     

中国古代对颗粒物质特性的认知与应用

对颗粒物质特性的应用在人民生活中起着不可或缺的作用,在我国古代科技实用中更有着不可忽略的地位。以现代颗粒物质力学进展为基础,着重探究颗粒物质在生活实践中的一系列应用实例,借以考证中国古代科学对颗粒物质特性较深层次的认知,从多个角度分析、理解中国古代科学文化中的颗粒学部分的实用价值以及对今后继续探索颗粒物质领域的启示与推动作用。