论人身损害赔偿优先权

目前,因大规模侵权而导致企业破产案件中,人身损害债权由于不具有优先性而得不到圆满的实现。我国在立法上尽快建立健全人身损害赔偿优先权制度,是保护受害人的赔偿权得以优先实现的一种最佳方法。同时,确立人身损害赔偿优先权是人权保障与社会和谐的重要体现。     

土地征用的理论分析及我国征地制度改革

土地征用是政府引导土地利用的重要权利。由于公共利益的需要,土地产权从绝对性向社会性转化,产生了政府的土地征用权。作者认为公共利益是一个动态的概念,并划分了公共利益的层次。通过对土地征用补偿的各种理论依据与原则的分析,认为补偿理论与原则的选择随经济发展动态变化。在理论分析的基础上,作者认为我国土地征用存在问题的根本原因在于公共利益的内容、补偿理论与原则的选择与当前的社会经济背景不适应,文章提出了与当前社会经济背景相适应的征地制度改革思路。     

长株潭实验区环境损害赔偿基金制度探析

我国的环境问题日益严峻,给经济社会带来重大负面影响。长株潭实验区应当积极作为,探索环境保护与治理的制度模式,率先建立完善环境损害赔偿基金制度。长株潭实验区环境损害赔偿基金制度的建构,应在国内现有环境保护法律法规的基础上,借鉴域外损害赔偿制度,从基金筹集、基金申请、基金管理、基金监管等方面进行。     

与就业关联的深层次影响因素分析

我国在实施转方式调结构时期,技术创新不断深入、产业结构主次重新排列、制度安排侧重点调整,都会对充分就业带来影响。在影响就业的诸多制约因素中,技术创新、结构优化、制度安排属深层次影响因素。技术创新和结构优化是决定就业总水平及变动的重要动力,而就业规模与就业结构演变的结果既取决于技术创新和结构优化,同时,在很大程度上取决于经济制度安排是否顺应技术创新、结构优化的要求。因此,理清它们之间的关系,对于有的放矢地促进社会就业至关重要。     

The gender pay gap in nonprofit executive compensation in South Florida

In general, systemic imbalance in pay between men and women is well established, but the literature on pay imbalance is mixed for nonprofit executives. Difference in organizational size could be a relevant factor in explaining pay imbalance, as previous research suggests average female nonprofit executives lead smaller organizations. The present study examines the role of governance accreditation on the gender gap in chief executive pay, using a 2 × 2 analysis of covariance to control for organizational size (as measured by annual revenue) when comparing samples of accredited and nonaccredited organizations in South Florida. We found a wage gap for gender, with female executives averaging 12% less compensation than male executives, after controlling for organizational size. No significant effect was found for accreditation; although the only significant difference between genders was in the nonaccredited sample, the findings hint that any trend towards pay equity would be due to a pattern of the male executives in the accredited sample being paid less than their counterparts in nonaccredited organizations.     

Compensation or competition: Bias in immigrants' access to active labour market measures

Whether participation in active labour market programmes (ALMPs) pushes individuals back into employment depends on the programme's characteristics. On the basis of encompassing registry data that allow us to control for usually unobserved employability, we find evidence of a systematic access bias whereby jobcentre caseworkers in Switzerland assign unemployed persons to activation measures based on a competition logic that is mainly driven by an economic rationale and the jobcentre's performance evaluation. This practice seems problematic because it results in an overrepresentation of immigrants in measures with little efficacy rather than in measures that could compensate for employability disadvantages. Conversely, Swiss citizens are more likely to enter beneficial human-capital-intensive measures. It is plausible that this discrepancy in programme participation amplifies the general labour market disadvantages of immigrants.     

房屋拆迁中的国有土地使用权补偿司法实证研究

房屋拆迁中的国有土地使用权补偿是我国城镇房屋拆迁中的主要矛盾点之一。通过对司法判例进行实证研究发现,法院判决多数认为原告诉请国有土地使用权补偿于法无据,抑或认为对于国有土地使用权的补偿已随房屋评估作价。房屋拆迁的重点在于“地”,若仅对房屋所有权人进行补偿,而忽视国有土地使用权人,无疑会引发诸多诉讼,乃至于阻碍城镇化进程。因此,在渐进式改革的背景之下,可以开展国有土地使用权补偿的试点,同时应当完善《国有土地上房屋征收与补偿条例》,并将合理补偿原则作为补偿的基本原则,以此为基础建立一套独立于房屋拆迁补偿的国有土地使用权补偿体系。     

股权激励实施中经营者信息披露策略的演化博弈分析

本文在股东与经理仅具有有限理性的前提下,运用演化博弈方法对股权激励实施过程中,经理信息披露策略选择与股东策略选择的互动机制进行了分析.结果表明:当经理信息操纵的收益大于信息操纵的成本时,经理的信息披露策略依赖于股东监控的概率大小.当股东监控的收益大于监控的成本时,股东是否监控取决于经理选择信息操纵策略的概率大小.保持适度的股权激励水平、增强资本市场的有效性、加强监管、加重惩罚能降低经理信息操纵的概率.     

不同风险偏好的过度自信代理人薪酬合同设计

本文将过度自信心理特征纳入到经典委托代理框架,从代理人过度自信程度、代理人的风险偏好、努力-产出不确定性、努力可观测性、保留效用几个角度,构建了多个不同的委托代理情景,分别分析了委托人提供不同形式合同、代理人付出不同努力水平时他们的期望效用,从而考察在各种情景下委托人应怎样为不同类型代理人设计薪酬合同,激励代理人付出努力,以实现委托人和代理人决策组合的帕雷托最优.结果表明,对不同过度自信程度及风险偏好的代理人,委托人提供的合同形式大不相同.这不仅从行为的角度拓展了经典委托代理框架,而且为委托人设计薪酬合同提供了非常有益的参考.     

预算松弛行为的实验研究

运用实验方法研究了预算管理问题,发现信息对称和真实导向的薪酬计划对预算松弛 都有一定的抑制作用,其中信息对称性对预算松弛的影响十分显著. 通过实际财会人员和大学 生在实验中的预算行为的比较,可以看到我国国有企业预算编制的一些特殊行为.