功能及其障碍--对我国大学园区建设的反思

大学园区是对传统办学模式的继承和超越.作为一种新事物,大学园区已经显现出其优势所在,同时也暴露出不少的问题.探究大学园区的功能及其障碍,总结几年来我国大学园区建设的经验,反思在建设中存在的问题,对大学园区的持续健康发展是十分必要的.     

Marginal and association regression models for longitudinal binary data with drop‐outs: A likelihood‐based approach

Longitudinal data often contain missing observations, and it is in general difficult to justify particular missing data mechanisms, whether random or not, that may be hard to distinguish. The authors describe a likelihood‐based approach to estimating both the mean response and association parameters for longitudinal binary data with drop‐outs. They specify marginal and dependence structures as regression models which link the responses to the covariates. They illustrate their approach using a data set from the Waterloo Smoking Prevention Project They also report the results of simulation studies carried out to assess the performance of their technique under various circumstances.     

奴役还是监禁：监狱矫正功能质疑——兼论刑罚的执行

随着刑罚观的改变,作为刑罚执行重要场域的监狱,其功能也在逐步转变,矫正成为现代监狱的核心功能。然而,矫正功能具有正反两方面的内容,必须加以区分。体制化后的监狱并不能真正有效的发挥矫正功能。文章从美国电影《肖申克的救赎》所反映的问题出发,分析了矫正功能的发挥必须具备的前提条件,以及应当注意的问题。同时,对我国监狱改革进行了反思。     

Silphids in urban forests: Diversity and function

Many ecologists have examined the process of how urbanization reduces biological diversity but rarely have its ecological consequences been assessed. We studied forest-dwelling burying beetles (Coleoptera: Silphidae)—a guild of insects that requires carrion to complete their life cycles—along an urban-rural gradient of land use in Maryland. Our objective was to determine how forest fragmentation associated with urbanization affects (1) beetle community diversity and structure and (2) the ecological function provided by these insects, that is, decomposition of vertebrate carcasses. Forest fragmentation strongly reduced burying beetle diversity and abundance, and did so far more pervasively than urbanization of the surrounding landscape. The likelihood that beetles interred experimental baits was a direct, positive function of burying beetle diversity. We conclude that loss of burying beetle diversity resulting from forest fragmentation could have important ecological consequences in urban forests.     

关于规范"知识经济"的前提条件--试与叶险明先生商榷

知识经济是以知识为基础的经济，它不仅作为一种人们对现代科学技术革命所造就的生产力发展的程度及其趋势窥视，展望和预见的标示，而且是一种把知识视为可以市场化的主导性社会资源的新经济形态，规范这种新经济形态的现实基础。不仅要在现代科学技术革命所带来年 技术工具性的变化中去寻找，更重要的，还应在由此所推进的人的主体性的提升和人类社会经济组织方式的变勒中去寻找，要科学地规范“知识经济”这一崭新的经济形态，不应该用某种预设的“偏好”设置种种“障眼法”来误导理论，而应该以尊重有这种新经济形态的“是然”观察为前提条件。     

太极拳对维护人类健康的功效

根据文献资料来分析人类面临的健康危机,谈太极拳对人体健康的积极作用。研究表明,当今人类面临的健康危机是由多方面因素造成的,而太极拳对维护人类健康却有着特殊的功效。     

论高等学校科技工作的地位与作用

高等学校科技工作具有培养社会所需的高水平的现代人才、催生科技成果的双重职能作用。因此 ,正确处理教学与科技工作的关系 ,确立科技发展的观念 ,对高校建设发展具有非常重要的意义     

一般Gauss－Markov模型下一般可估函数的线性充分性和线性完全性

发展了Ｂａｋｓａｌａｒｙ和Ｄｒｙｇａｓ提出的一般Ｇａｕｓｓ－Ｍａｒｋｏｖ模型中线性充分性、最小充分性和完全性的概念，用Ｒａｏ的最小二乘统一理论，给出了这些概念的刻划定理。     

Uncertainty Analysis for Computer Model Projections of Hurricane Losses

Projecting losses associated with hurricanes is a complex and difficult undertaking that is wrought with uncertainties. Hurricane Charley, which struck southwest Florida on August 13, 2004, illustrates the uncertainty of forecasting damages from these storms. Due to shifts in the track and the rapid intensification of the storm, real-time estimates grew from 2 to 3 billion dollars in losses late on August 12 to a peak of 50 billion dollars for a brief time as the storm appeared to be headed for the Tampa Bay area. The storm hit the resort areas of Charlotte Harbor near Punta Gorda and then went on to Orlando in the central part of the state, with early poststorm estimates converging on a damage estimate in the 28 to 31 billion dollars range. Comparable damage to central Florida had not been seen since Hurricane Donna in 1960. The Florida Commission on Hurricane Loss Projection Methodology (FCHLPM) has recognized the role of computer models in projecting losses from hurricanes. The FCHLPM established a professional team to perform onsite (confidential) audits of computer models developed by several different companies in the United States that seek to have their models approved for use in insurance rate filings in Florida. The team's members represent the fields of actuarial science, computer science, meteorology, statistics, and wind and structural engineering. An important part of the auditing process requires uncertainty and sensitivity analyses to be performed with the applicant's proprietary model. To influence future such analyses, an uncertainty and sensitivity analysis has been completed for loss projections arising from use of a Holland B parameter hurricane wind field model. Uncertainty analysis quantifies the expected percentage reduction in the uncertainty of wind speed and loss that is attributable to each of the input variables.     

Fuzzy K-means clustering models for triangular fuzzy time trajectories

We focus our attention on the classification of fuzzy time trajectories with triangular membership function, described by a given set of individuals. To this purpose, we adopt a fullyinformational approach, explicitly recognizing the informational nature shared by the ingredients of the classification procedure: the observed data (Empirical Information) and the classification model (Theoretical Information). In particular, by supposing that the informational paradigm has a fuzzy nature, we suggest three fuzzy clustering models allowing the classification of the triangular fuzzy time trajectories, based on the analysis of the cross sectional and/or longitudinal characteristics of their components (centers and spreads). Two applicative examples are illustrated.