Mitigating the Impact of Functional Dominance in Cross‐Functional Process Improvement Teams

Manufacturing process improvement teams often draw upon cross‐functional expertise. However, teams dominated by a single or few functions often do not achieve the desired interdisciplinary learning and cooperation, which in turn could negatively affect the performance of that cross‐functional team. Through an empirical analysis of 149 manufacturing process improvement teams in six SIC industrial categories, we show that even after controlling for several factors such as team size, number of functions, gender diversity, ethnicity, number of management levels, and geographic dispersion of team members, psychological safety of work environment fully mediates the relationship between functional dominance and team performance. We also confirm that a team leader possessing high interpersonal justice mitigates the deficiency of dominated teams and improves team performance by fostering a psychologically safe work environment. Our recommendation therefore is that when a dominated team is unavoidable due to the needed skill sets or other organizational considerations, to ensure success it is imperative that the firm chooses a team leader who can promote psychological safety by being just, and who can effectively encourage input from all functional team members and give them objective feedback.     

Uniform in bandwidth consistency for various kernel estimators involving functional data

The paper investigates various nonparametric models including regression, conditional distribution, conditional density and conditional hazard function, when the covariates are infinite dimensional. The main contribution is to prove uniform in bandwidth asymptotic results for kernel estimators of these functional operators. Then, the application issues, involving data-driven bandwidth selection, are discussed.     

高校社团对基层团组织的功能替代

在新时期里,高校基层团组织的传统工作模式受到了前所未有的挑战,其功能也呈现出明显弱化的迹象;而学生社团则在高校中蓬勃发展,甚至对团组织起到了某种程度上的“功能替代”作用。一种功能互补的趋势正在悄然形成中。     

在线送达法律问题探析——基于在线诉讼的视角

在线送达作为一种采用了现代信息技术的更加快捷、经济、高效的送达方式,应在现有技术水平和法律框架下确认其应有的法律地位,以支持和保障在线诉讼的确立和发展。     

儒家的伦理豁免:为永恒奠基的制度

如何超越死亡,达致永恒?儒家力主、力行最大限度地敦睦伦理,以期圆满伦理,贯通和绵延伦理之河。为此要求有起码保证,使正式制度、非正式制度和伦理间关系融洽,良性互动。其要件之一是伦理豁免:当伦理、法律关系因交集而陷入两难,主体在履行伦理义务、法律义务间陷入两难之际,法律规定,主体有权利适度免除其部分法律义务,圆满履行其伦理义务;被免除的、对他人和国家社会的那部分法律义务则或由该主体推后履行,或由国家社会交由其他主体履行,由此在伦理、法律之间解决两难,达到两全。伦理是永恒的,伦理豁免从制度上保证伦理臻于圆满、贯通和绵延,就从社会结构、个人美德两方面为永恒奠基。     

Functional analysis of high-content high-throughput imaging data

High-content automated imaging platforms allow the multiplexing of several targets simultaneously to generate multi-parametric single-cell data sets over extended periods of time. Typically, standard simple measures such as mean value of all cells at every time point are calculated to summarize the temporal process, resulting in loss of time dynamics of the single cells. Multiple experiments are performed but observation time points are not necessarily identical, leading to difficulties when integrating summary measures from different experiments. We used functional data analysis to analyze continuous curve data, where the temporal process of a response variable for each single cell can be described using a smooth curve. This allows analyses to be performed on continuous functions, rather than on original discrete data points. Functional regression models were applied to determine common temporal characteristics of a set of single cell curves and random effects were employed in the models to explain variation between experiments. The aim of the multiplexing approach is to simultaneously analyze the effect of a large number of compounds in comparison to control to discriminate between their mode of action. Functional principal component analysis based on T-statistic curves for pairwise comparison to control was used to study time-dependent compound effects.     

Estimation and Inference Procedures for Semiparametric Distribution Models with Varying Linear‐Index

More flexible semiparametric linear‐index regression models are proposed to describe the conditional distribution. Such a model formulation captures varying effects of covariates over the support of a response variable in distribution, offers an alternative perspective on dimension reduction and covers a lot of widely used parametric and semiparameteric regression models. A feasible pseudo likelihood approach, accompanied with a simple and easily implemented algorithm, is further developed for the mixed case with both varying and invariant coefficients. By justifying some theoretical properties on Banach spaces, the uniform consistency and asymptotic Gaussian process of the proposed estimator are also established in this article. In addition, under the monotonicity of distribution in linear‐index, we develop an alternative approach based on maximizing a varying accuracy measure. By virtue of the asymptotic recursion relation for the estimators, some of the achievements in this direction include showing the convergence of the iterative computation procedure and establishing the large sample properties of the resulting estimator. It is noticeable that our theoretical framework is very helpful in constructing confidence bands for the parameters of interest and tests for the hypotheses of various qualitative structures in distribution. Generally, the developed estimation and inference procedures perform quite satisfactorily in the conducted simulations and are demonstrated to be useful in reanalysing data from the Boston house price study and the World Values Survey.     

M-estimation for functional linear regression

This paper studies M-estimation in functional linear regression in which the dependent variable is scalar while the covariate is a function. An estimator for the slope function is obtained based on the functional principal component basis. The global convergence rate of the M-estimator of unknown slope function is established. The convergence rate of the mean-squared prediction error for the proposed estimators is also established. Monte Carlo simulation studies are conducted to examine the finite-sample performance of the proposed procedure. Finally, the proposed method is applied to analyze the Berkeley growth data.     

An Adaptive Functional Autoregressive Forecast Model to Predict Electricity Price Curves

We propose an adaptive functional autoregressive (AFAR) forecast model to predict electricity price curves. With time-varying operators, the AFAR model can be safely used in both stationary and nonstationary situations. A closed-form maximum likelihood (ML) estimator is derived under stationarity. The result is further extended for nonstationarity, where the time-dependent operators are adaptively estimated under local homogeneity. We provide theoretical results of the ML estimator and the adaptive estimator. Simulation study illustrates nice finite sample performance of the AFAR modeling. The AFAR model also exhibits a superior accuracy in the forecast exercise of the California electricity daily price curves compared to several alternatives.     

似与不似——论文学作品汉译英过程立场分析的作用

古今中外的作家都会在自己的作品中表达个人的立场与观点。翻译文学作品时,应十分重视原作者的立场观点。而原作者往往通过间接的方法将其立场观点隐含在作品深层,这就给翻译带来困难。汉译英时,汉语中有些文化背景的内容涉及到原作者的立场,译者要认真考虑原文的深层意义,也要考虑译文读者的接受状况。译者务必透过词语表层发掘作品的深层含义,使译文读者得到与原文读者大致相同的感受,达到译文与原文功能对等之目的