对成都市在“城乡一体化”改革中创新突破的调查和研究

城乡统筹发展的实质就是要协调城市与乡村的各类要素资源,打破城、镇、乡、村的脱节和工业与农业发展不平衡的格局,实现以城乡一体化为目标、以改革创新为核心、以群众利益最大化为宗旨、以市场化为动力、以政策为保障的城乡和谐与可持续发展。     

比较视野的中国职务发明专利授权的分类统计与政策含义

职务发明专利授权意味着企事业单位或机关团体作为专利权人取得其雇员所发明技术的专利权。职务发明专利授权量可反映一个国家企事业单位或机关团体在其发明专利申请受理国运用专利制度获取技术竞争力的水平。根据世界知识产权组织的《国际专利分类号与技术领域对照表》,对我国1986—2006年发明专利授权按技术领域进行分类统计;从静态和动态比较的角度,对我国国内和国外发明专利授权格局及其演变进行分析;并对上述分析结果的公共政策含义进行探讨。     

基于多变量动态模型的产出缺口估算

 本文运用多变量动态模型系统下的Beveridge-Nelson分解方法和贝叶斯Gibbs抽样估计,估算了1985年1季度至2008年2季度期间中国的产出缺口,并且与传统的单变量估计方法测算的结果在统计属性和对货币政策调节的预测效果方面进行了比较。实证结果表明,不同产出缺口的统计属性存在差别,并且只有基于多变量系统测算的产出缺口对货币政策具有显著预测效果。这说明多变量模型估计出的产出缺口更全面地考虑了经济产出与其他相关变量的互动效应,含有的信息更为丰富,从而对宏观政策调整具有更重要的参考价值。     

Stagnation only on the surface? The implications of skill and family responsibilities for the gender wage gap in Sweden, 1974–2010

The wage differential between women and men persists in advanced economies despite the inflow of women into qualified occupations in recent years. Using five waves of the Swedish Level‐of‐Living Survey (LNU), this paper explores the gender wage gap in Sweden during the 1974–2010 period overall and by skill level. The empirical analyses showed that the general gender wage gap has been nearly unchanged for the past 30 years. However, the gender difference in wage in less qualified occupations fell considerably, whereas the gender pay gap remained stable for men and women in qualified occupations. The larger significance of family responsibilities for wages in qualified occupations is one likely explanation for this result.     

Structural and Contextual Factors Regarding the Accessibility of Elective Office for Women of Color at the Local Level

Different from the majority of past research on gender gaps in political officeholding, we adopt an intersectionality framework and move beyond traditional individual factors to explore what implications certain elements in the political opportunity structure may have for women and men of color elected officials serving in county, municipal, and local school board offices. We argue that structural and contextual factors, such as type of institutions, election systems, and jurisdictional racial makeup, may influence the calculations women of color make concerning the accessibility of elective office. Using data from the Gender and Multiracial Leadership (GMCL) project, we find county offices to be the least, and seats on school boards the most, accessible to women of color. Of the types of electoral arrangements, we find multimember districts (MMD) to be the most significant variable predicting the likelihood of women of color in office. Although both Black and Latina women benefit from having a significant share of coethnics or nonwhites in jurisdictions, the two groups of women have an opposite relationship to their racial constituent makeup than that held by their male counterparts.     

Collective Bargaining and the Gender Pay Gap in the Printing Industry

This paper considers the effect of collective bargaining on the gender pay gap in the printing industry. This sector was subject to multi‐employer bargaining for around 90 years, until 2010. The article analyses gendered collective bargaining processes through the mechanism of symbolic power, that is, the power of interpretation and definition, and utilizes Walton and McKersie's seminal work on bargaining behaviour to understand the processes that have prevented the closing of the pay gap. It finds that symbolic power operates within the sub‐processes of attitudinal structuring and intra‐organizational bargaining to de‐legitimize women's role in equal pay bargaining, alongside distributive bargaining tactics that preclude equal pay bargaining, thereby creating the impression that women are irrelevant to bargaining processes and ensuring relative invisibility for issues of importance to equality bargaining.     

外商直接投资对广东地区收入差距的影响探析

外商直接投资（FDI）是区域经济增长的重要动力。FDI区域分布差异,是造成区域收入差距悬殊的重要原因之一。文章经验和实证分析相结合,深入探讨了FDI与广东区域经济发展和收入差距扩大的互动,认为FDI区域分布失衡是造成广东区域经济发展和收入差距扩大的重要原因。新形势下,广东要实现区域经济协调发展,有效解决区域发展和收入差距悬殊问题,须加快发达地区外资劳动密集型企业升级转型和欠发达地区的招商引资步伐,实现外商投资的均衡布局和优化发展。     

劳动力流动的人力资本障碍——解释流动与收入差距同时扩大的悖论

随着信息经济的迅猛发展,发展中国家明显存在三元经济结构。与二元经济条件下的劳动力流动的条件不同,在三元经济结构中,人力资本起决定作用。在三元经济模型中,我国农村剩余劳动力无限供给条件下,农村劳动力的流动一方面促进了我国城市化发展,但另一方面,由于人力资本障碍等原因,造成我国城乡收入差距进一步扩大。在此背景下,缩小我国城乡收入差距,必须采取新的对策措施。     

基于凸度缺口模型的商业银行利率风险最优控制及其应用

对商业银行利率风险的管理和控制,传统的久期模型仅适用于利率变化较小和利率期限结构平移条件下的线性近似估计,否则就需要运用凸度进行调整。根据Markowitz现代组合投资理论,构造一个目标规划模型,通过合理确定其中决策变量的值,使商业银行在决策期末满足最小化利率风险和银行资产负债组合的凸度为非负的条件下收益最大化。计算实例表明,凸度缺口模型对于给定的初始值和约束条件,可以较好地减少利率风险的暴露头寸和提高收益;同时,利率风险较大时凸度缺口模型比久期缺口模型更好地减少风险暴露,鲁棒性(robustness)更强。     

确认人的价值——毕淑敏都市小说的人文关怀

以人文精神为切入视角,从思想观念、价值标准和道德情操三方面剖析毕淑敏都市小说创作中人的价值观念变化,从而解读毕淑敏关注个体生命价值、开拓人性文化中人文关怀新局面的责任感和使命感。