略论孔子与孟子的人生哲学及启示

以孔子和孟子为杰出代表的中国儒家思想中 ,包括着“仁者爱人”、“民贵君轻”的人本精神 ,“杀身成仁”、“舍生取义”的人生价值追求和人格理想 ,“己所不欲 ,勿施于人”的处世哲学等 ,对于中华民族的思想境界、行为规范、民族精神都有着深厚的影响。挖掘并发现其积极的思想因子 ,汲取其精神养份 ,将给我们以有益的启示     

试论生态美学中的生态中心主义原则

生态美学在美学的发展过程中最重要的突破就在于从“人类中心主义”过渡到“生态中心主义”。学术界对于这种“生态中心主义”的看法分歧甚大,有人批判其为“反人类”。这其实是一种误解,因为“生态中心主义”中的“生态平等”是人与万物在“生命环链”之中的相对平等,而不是绝对平等。因此,它实质上是对于人的生存权利的充分尊重与保护,是一种更具普适性的人道主义,所以,它不是“反人类”的。生态中心主义原则对于以海德格尔为代表的当代存在论美学突破“人类中心主义”走向“生态中心主义”起了决定性的作用。这就是海德格尔的“天地神人四方游戏说”美学观的提出。     

一部词汇与民俗文化综合研究的力作--评《民俗文化语汇通论》

简明评述<民俗文化语汇通论>,推介该著作在学科建设、理论探讨与阐释、方法论等方面的意义和价值,指出其具有很强的知识性、资料性、趣味性和可读性.     

加强西部开发中建设项目的投资控制

随着西部大开发战略的实施 ,通过基本建设投资改进我国西部地区的基础条件已成为重点。而在基本建设投资过程中 ,投资控制往往被人们忽略。本文提出了几种有效的投资控制措施 ,以确保基本建设投资综合效益的实现     

论传记的要素

传记经历了漫长的发展过程。在传记的初级形态或古典形态中,传记的主要任务是记录传主的生平;随着传记的发展,传记家不再满足于叙述传主一生事迹,越来越重视展示传主的个性或人格;到20世纪以后,现代传记家又更多地考虑对传主人格的发展进行解释。这三种要素的结合使传记具有强大的生命力。     

让学生成为研究者:一个新的教育理念

让学生成为研究者是指在教学过程中应该树立的一种新的教学理念,即一方面使学生学会生产知识,另一方面形成一种不断研究的生活态度或生活方式。学生研究者这一目标的实现,必将使教学观、教师观、评价观等发生革命性变化。     

北京高校开展野外生存、生活训练教学调查

本文采用问卷调查、文献资料等方法,对北京高校开展野外生存、生活训练教学内容设置情况进行调查与分析,作为高校体育课程的重要拓展形式,本文对野外生存、生活训练教学内容设置所面临的问题进行总结与建议,旨在为以后开展野外生存生活训练提供参考意见。     

Drivers of job satisfaction in midwifery—A work design approach

BackgroundIdentifying common factors that influence job satisfaction for midwives working in diverse work settings is challenging. Applying a work design model developed in organisational behaviour to the midwifery context may help identify key antecedents of midwives job satisfaction.AimTo investigate three job characteristics – decision-making autonomy, empowerment, and professional recognition as antecedents of job satisfaction in New Zealand (NZ) midwives.MethodsLatent multiple regressions were performed on data from Lead Maternity Carer (LMC) midwives n = 327, employed midwives n = 255, and midwives working in ‘mixed-roles’ n = 123.FindingsWe found that professional recognition is positively linked to job satisfaction for midwives in all three work settings. At the same time, decision-making autonomy and empowerment were shown to influence job satisfaction for midwives working as LMCs only.DiscussionOur main finding suggests that the esteem generated from being acknowledged as an expert and valuable contributor by maternity health colleagues is satisfying across all work contexts. Professional recognition encompasses the social dimension of midwifery work and influences midwives job satisfaction. Decision-making autonomy and empowerment are task and relational job characteristics that may not be similarly experienced by all midwives to noticeably influence job satisfaction.ConclusionGiven that job satisfaction contributes to recruitment, retention, and sustainability, our findings show that drivers of job satisfaction differ by midwifery work context. We present evidence to support tailored efforts to bolster midwives job satisfaction, especially where resources are limited.     

Factors associated with midwives’ job satisfaction and experience of work: a cross-sectional survey of midwives in a tertiary maternity hospital in Melbourne,Australia

BackgroundSignificant factors affecting the Australian maternity care context include an ageing, predominantly part-time midwifery workforce, increasingly medicalised maternity care, and women with more complex health/social needs. This results in challenges for the maternity care system. There is a lack of understanding of midwives’ experiences and job satisfaction in this context.AimTo explore factors affecting Australian midwives’ job satisfaction and experience of work.MethodsIn 2017 an online cross-sectional questionnaire was used to survey midwives employed in a tertiary hospital. Data collected included characteristics, work roles, hours, midwives’ views and experiences of their job. The Midwifery Process Questionnaire was used to measure midwives’ satisfaction in four domains: Professional Satisfaction, Professional Support, Client Interaction and Professional Development. Data were analysed as a whole, then univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses conducted to explore any associations between each domain, participant characteristics and other relevant factors.FindingsThe overall survey response rate was 73% (302/411), with 96% (255/266) of permanently employed midwives responding. About half (53%) had a negative attitude about their Professional Support and Client Interaction (49%), and 21% felt negatively about Professional Development. The majority felt positively regarding Professional Satisfaction (85%). The main factors that impacted midwives’ satisfaction was inadequate acknowledgment from the organisation and needing more support to fulfil their current role.ConclusionFocus on leadership and mentorship around appropriate acknowledgement and support may impact positively on midwives’ satisfaction and experiences of work. A larger study could explore how widespread these findings are in the Australian maternity care setting.     

译诗话诗魂

诗意即译中之所失。”因此，译诗艰辛。１．理解阶段——准确把握诗意：诗意是诗的生命与灵魂。这是译诗的症结所在。诗精炼且多度，须慢咀细嚼以悟之。步骤有三：（１）吟读以知慨貌。（２）探索言外之意以把握深层内涵。（３）遁出现实，化入其境，译者变成诗中发言人，亲历其一切以把握诗意。２．表达阶段——忠实重现原作诗意。（１）先注重首要任务，忠实地再现诗意。这是译作成功与否的试金石。（２）提练整饰，使译作成为言简意赅的“音乐”。译者应精益求精，力争最大限度地理解并重现诗意。这是译诗成功的关键。