A Novel Method for Visualization of Clustering Results

Sammon mapping is an approach of nonlinear dimension reduction and can be used for visualization. To avoid numerical complexity of the algorithm of traditional Sammon mapping, Kovacs and Abonyi (2004 Kovacs , A. , Abonyi , J. ( 2004 ). Visualization of fuzzy clustering results by modified Sammon mapping . Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium of Hungarian Researchers on Computational Intelligence 177 – 188 . [Google Scholar]) proposed a modified Sammon mapping method. However, this improvement can only be applied to fuzzy clustering results. By using the property of Fermat point, we develop a new method in this article that can be applied to any clustering results. Different from other methods of visualization, we transfer information of clustering results into concentric circles around the Fermat points. So our procedure can demonstrate the data structure in a more informative way and the clustering results become easier to understand, especially for nonprofessionals. The effectiveness of the proposed method is studied by application to a real data in this article.     

日语“空间性状”的时间映射制约研究

日语空间性状的时间映射具有局部映射性和选择性，映射具有负向语义选择偏好；形成“水平线性空间>垂直线性空间>立体三维空间”维度制约等级。上述制约特质是时空隐喻概念相似性与语言类型特质共同驱动促成的。概念相似性是其内在驱动力，相似者易于映射，反之则受制约性强；日语的时间性特质是其负向语义选择偏好的外在驱动力。     

Toward Probabilistic Prediction of Flash Flood Human Impacts

This article focuses on conceptual and methodological developments allowing the integration of physical and social dynamics leading to model forecasts of circumstance‐specific human losses during a flash flood. To reach this objective, a random forest classifier is applied to assess the likelihood of fatality occurrence for a given circumstance as a function of representative indicators. Here, vehicle‐related circumstance is chosen as the literature indicates that most fatalities from flash flooding fall in this category. A database of flash flood events, with and without human losses from 2001 to 2011 in the United States, is supplemented with other variables describing the storm event, the spatial distribution of the sensitive characteristics of the exposed population, and built environment at the county level. The catastrophic flash floods of May 2015 in the states of Texas and Oklahoma are used as a case study to map the dynamics of the estimated probabilistic human risk on a daily scale. The results indicate the importance of time‐ and space‐dependent human vulnerability and risk assessment for short‐fuse flood events. The need for more systematic human impact data collection is also highlighted to advance impact‐based predictive models for flash flood casualties using machine‐learning approaches in the future.     

Bibliometrics of Big Data Research Literature in Social Science

[Purpose/Significance] This article provides a bibliometric study of the big data research literature in social science to explore its features and patterns both in domestic and international area, quantitatively and qualitatively. [Method/Process] This article collects the data from academic databases, then makes statistical analysis on significant characteristics to evaluate the regularity of document increase, distribution of subject categories, most prolific and impactful institutions, and then discusses the relations between research front and intellectual base via citation and co-citation analysis, finally concludes research features and patterns of big data. [Result/Conclusion] (1) Different subject categories show the different level of research interest while big data research has been one of the most popular topics in social science. The most documents are from information science and library science. (2) Besides journals of high output subject categories, computer science, telecommunications and multidisciplinary journals are common intellectual bases of big data research in social science. (3) Renmin University of China in domestic and Harvard University in the world are top institutions according to the number of fruits and influence of their publications of big data research in social science. (4) For China, publication quantity in social science makes apparent growth while international academic influence is still limited.     

基于知识图谱的医学人文研究热点分析

以中国知网核心期刊数据库收录的843篇医学与人文领域相关研究文献为样本,利用知识图谱工具（CiteSpace Ⅲ）对检索数据进行主题、作者和机构等要素的共现分析和聚类分析,绘制了医学与人文领域前沿的知识图谱,客观反映出医学与人文领域的重要文献、学者和机构,展现了医学与人文的知识结构关系与演进。     

A new value stream mapping approach for healthcare environments

Hospitals worldwide are giving a growing emphasis to the application of lean concepts in the healthcare sector, commonly known as ‘lean healthcare’. A fundamental tool that allows such implementations is the value stream mapping (VSM). The problem is that VSM models used in implementations of lean healthcare are simple adaptations of the original VSM model, which was initially directed towards manufacturing and may not always represent important support activities for the patient flow that directly impact treatment time. Within this context, this paper presents a new VSM approach for healthcare environments. This new VSM model, specifically designed for healthcare environments, contemplates all activities that directly affect the treatment time. In addition, the present paper also presents an action research in a Brazilian hospital where the proposed VSM model is compared to other VSM models found in the literature. The results shown that the proposed VSM model was able to identify some operational bottlenecks and wastes that interfere in the patient’s treatment that could not be identified by other mapping models studied.     

Bridging the Gaps between Impact Assessments and Resettlement Planning: A Case Study of Padma Multipurpose Bridge Project,Bangladesh

The traditional methodologies including spatial decision support systems have at times showed their ineffectiveness in terms of gathering, analyzing and incorporating diversified views of affected persons into resettlement planning. This ineffectiveness is in dealing with unstructured problems and uncertainty in analyzing alternative strategies. This paper therefore proposes an integrated methodology (combination of argumentative mapping and qualitative probabilistic networks) to counter these limitations. The new methodology was introduced in a large-scale infrastructure project to verify its applicability. Results derived from the study not only provide better insights into resettlement-related problems, but also indicate critical management options for desired objectives.     

基于白化权函数的区间灰数关联度模型

根据区间灰数空间映射思想,引入白化权函数来表征区间灰数的分布信息。定义灰形和灰心分别来描述白化权函数与区间灰数围成的封闭几何图形及其几何重心;定义灰圆和灰径分别来表示以灰心为圆心且与灰形具有相同面积的标准圆及其半径。在此基础上,以灰心序列的横、纵坐标序列为对象,以灰径的离差为权重,依照邓氏关联度原理构造了一个基于白化权函数的区间灰数关联度模型。并针对一种最为典型的白化权函数,具体导出了区间灰数关联度的计算公式。最后,通过一个供应商选择的实例验证了模型的科学性和可行性。基于白化权函数的区间灰数关联度在资源勘探、机器故障诊断、产品品质评价及供应商选择等方面有着广泛的应用前景。     

典故的认知模式

典故是一种历史化隐喻,其原义的具体情节常被抽象化,并且与所描述的现时事件发生喻义上的冲突或错置,映现关系也处于隐含状态。本文阐述了典故的认知模式及其喻义在线构建的心理运作过程,认为对典故的认知涉及到意象———图示的跨认知域映射与诸空间域之间部分语义要素的投射合成。     

农村中小学布局调整的社会宏观背景分析

文章对我国农村改革后农村中小学布局调整情况进行了历史回顾,将其分为1986-1992年、1993-1999年和2000-2011年三个阶段;分析了改革以来“以经济建设为中心”和“科学发展观”的社会经济发展观的变迁对农村中小学布局调整的影响;对产业结构调整、城镇化进程和人口变化趋势、农村社会结构变化和农村教育问题的分析认为我国农村中小学向城镇集中的速度过快,远远快于农村人口向城镇迁移(指带户籍和市民待遇的迁移)的速度,由此产生了一系列负面影响.文章认为将农村学龄人口减少作为农村学校布局调整的动因,只是问题的表象,地方政府之所以会做出与实际需求相脱节的学校布局调整,在于盲目追随发展主义所致.