正变批评在清代文学批评中的展开

清代文学正变批评主要在古典诗学与词学两大维面展开:从诗学正变批评而言,清人主要从对正变的理论阐述,对诗史、诗体正变的多样判析及对传统诗学正变批评的消解三大方面予以了展开;从词学正变批评而言,清人则主要从词体质性及词作风格特征,词作历史发展,具体历史时期的词人词作,词作艺术表现与审美效果,以及对传统词学正变批评的转替和融通等方面予以了展开。清代文学正变批评在整体上体现出比此前任何时代都更为平正通变的批评视野,它们为我国古代文学正变批评的最终深化、融通与消解作出了贡献。     

Univariate fast initial response statistical process control with taut strings

We present a novel real-time univariate monitoring scheme for detecting a sustained departure of a process mean from some given standard assuming a constant variance. Our proposed stopping rule is based on the total variation of a nonparametric taut string estimator of the process mean and is designed to provide a desired average run length for an in-control situation. Compared to the more prominent CUSUM fast initial response (FIR) methodology and allowing for a restart following a false alarm, the proposed two-sided taut string (TS) scheme produces a significant reduction in average run length for a wide range of changes in the mean that occur at or immediately after process monitoring begins. A decision rule for when to choose our proposed TS chart compared to the CUSUM FIR chart that takes into account both false alarm rate and average run length to detect a shift in the mean is proposed and implemented. Supplementary materials are available online.     

基于符号收益和跳跃变差的高频波动率模型

基于符号收益率的视角,对现有的HAR-RV类及其跳跃扩展模型进行相应分解,构建新型的HAR-RV类波动率模型.进一步,结合符号收益和不同的跳跃识别检验方法,提出了包含符号跳跃变差的HAR-RV类模型,并利用样本外滚动窗预测技术和"模型信度设定"(MCS)检验法评价了各种新旧HAR-RV模型对我国沪深300股价指数波动的预测能力.结果表明:基于C_TZ跳跃识别检验的符号跳跃变差能显著改善波动率模型的短期预测能力,但在中长期波动预测时,符号跳跃变差未能明显提升HAR-RV类模型的预测精度;新提出的HAR-S-RV-TJ-TSJV模型和HAR-S-RV-TJ模型分别在对短期(未来1天)和中长期(未来5天和20天)的波动预测检验中,展现出了最高的预测精度.     

On the robustness to outliers of the Student-t process

The theory of Bayesian robustness modeling uses heavy-tailed distributions to resolve conflicts of information by rejecting automatically the outlying information in favor of the other sources of information. In particular, the Student's-t process is a natural alternative to the Gaussian process when the data might carry atypical information. Several works attest to the robustness of the Student $t$ process, however, the studies are mostly guided by intuition and focused mostly on the computational aspects rather than the mathematical properties of the involved distributions. This work uses the theory of regular variation to address the robustness of the Student $t$ process in the context of nonlinear regression, that is, the behavior of the posterior distribution in the presence of outliers in the inputs, in the outputs, or in both sources of information. In all these cases, under certain conditions, it is shown that the posterior distribution tends to a quantity that does not depend on the atypical information, then, for every case, the limiting posterior distribution as the outliers tend to infinity is provided. The impact of outliers on the predictive posterior distribution is also addressed. The theory is illustrated with a few simulated examples.     

Style in a school community—“Ne” deletion in French preschool

This article explores the question of style in a school community, through negation use among the adults and children in a French preschool. Thirteen adults and 61 pupils aged 3–6 years were followed over a period of 2.5 years. The findings draw on a corpus of oral data collected in an unsupervised manner and comprising almost 640,000 transcribed words (428,100 for the children and 210,241 for the adults). The findings show, on the one hand, that the teachers adapt stylistically to their interlocutors and that their professional stance leads to more formal speech and, on the other hand, that the children's use of bipartite negation is marginal before the age of 6 years and does not present notable stylistic variations.     

“听音辨形”——英语现场新闻听力理解的先决条件

从英语现场新闻的语音规律和语境功能的角度认识"听音辨形"的实现途径,从语音认知本质的角度尝试提高"听音辨形"的教学方法,认为英语现场新闻语音在语流中的音变规律是"听音辨形"的关键凭借,其背景声音有时候是"听音辨形"的有效辅助;由于"感知磁效"现象表明听者通过"原型音"来识别语音变体,这就意味着要从本质上提高"听音辨形",就应拓展听者识别语音变体的能力,因而听写是从根本上提高"听音辨形"的有效方法.     

技术群体成员变动、知识流耦合与产业创新网络抗毁性:技术异质性的调节作用

开放式创新盛行的背景下,如何提升产业创新网络应对"创造性毁灭"的能力是学界和业界关注的重点。针对产业创新网络结果研究中动态中观层面的缺失,本研究聚焦整体网视角下技术群体的成员变动影响产业创新网络抗毁性的多层级作用关系,分析技术群体耦合的中介作用和群间技术异质性的调节作用。本研究以新能源产业主要技术领域的138个专利引用网络为研究对象,执行网络拓扑分析和层次回归分析进行实证检验。结果表明:技术群体耦合在技术群体成员变动与产业创新网络抗毁性的关系中起非线性中介作用,群间技术异质性正向调节中介作用的前半段路径。本研究拓展了技术群体的动态属性研究及其与产业创新网络抗毁性的跨层级关系研究,深化了技术群体成员变动如何影响产业创新网络抗毁性的作用机制。研究结论揭示了技术群体微观成员变动影响更高层次网络结果的作用机制,对产业政策部门如何构建抗毁性较高的创新网络具有重要的实践价值。     

从变译研究看新闻话语英译：国际化与对外传播

梳理新时代背景下变译理论的发展应用，通过对比分析汉语新闻话语及其英译案例，探索变译理论指导下推动新闻话语表达国际化，实现中国文化对外传播的社会功能。指出：新闻话语英译应关注国际受众接受度及话语传播效度，体现新闻话语内外有别且时效性强的话语特点，用变译策略构建符合国际化规范的新闻话语体系。     

Graphon estimation via nearest-neighbour algorithm and two-dimensional fused-lasso denoising

We propose a class of methods for graphon estimation based on exploiting connections with nonparametric regression. The idea is to construct an ordering of the nodes in the network, similar in spirit to Chan & Airoldi (2014). However, rather than considering orderings based only on the empirical degree as in Chan & Airoldi (2014), we use the nearest-neighbour algorithm which is an approximative solution to the travelling salesman problem. This algorithm in turn can handle general distances $\widehat{d}$ between the nodes, allowing us to incorporate rich information from the network. Once an ordering is constructed, we formulate a two-dimensional-grid graph-denoising problem that we solve through fused-lasso regularization. For particular choices of the metric $\widehat{d}$, we show that the corresponding two-step estimator can attain competitive rates when the true model is the stochastic block model, and when the underlying graphon is piecewise Hölder or has bounded variation.     

拟线性效用的福利变动

本文首先从效用最大化和支出最小化两个模型导出各有关参数之间的函数关系 ,并导出等价变动EV、补偿变动CV、间接效用的变动Δυ这三者之间的关系。然后定义并导出货币测度效用函数 μ(q,p,m) ,最后说明EV和CV能够代替Δυ来衡量消费者福利的变动 ,并利用μ(q,p,m)进一步地分析了EV、CV同消费者剩余CS这一古典概念之间的联系。文中的结论对分析消费者的福利等有着广泛而重要的应用