个体私营经济发展对中国经济增长的影响

一般认为，经济增长的源泉是：资本、劳动和技术进步。这三个要素按不同的比例组合便可以产生不同的产出。个体私营经济的存在与发展对这三个因素产生了深刻的影响，从而促进了经济增长。     

关于极限的求解方略

极限是研究高等数学的重要工具，其求解方法千变万化，而一般的教材仅能介绍一些主要方法，且缺少系统性，本文试从多种角度和方式来研究和总结极限的求解方法．     

Estimating capability index cpk for processes with asymmetric tolerances

Pearn and Chen (1996) considered the process capability index C_pk, and investigated the statistical properties of its natural estimator under various process conditions. Their investigation, however, was restricted to processes with symmetric tolerances. Recently, Pearn and Chen (1998) considered a generalization of C_pk, referred to as C^? _pk, to cover processes with asymmetric tolerances. They investigated the statistical properties of the natural estimator of C^? _pk, and obtained the exact formulae for the expected value and variance. In this paper, we consider a new estimator of C^? _pk, assuming the knowledge on P(LI > T) = p is available, where 0 > p > 1, which can be obtained from historical information of a stable process. We obtain the exact distribution of the new estimator assuming the process characteristic follows the normal distribution. We show that the new estimator is consistent, asymptotically unbiased, which converges to a mixture of two normal distributions. We also show that by adding suitable correction factors to the new estimator, we may obtain the UMVUE and the MLE of the generalization C^? _pk.     

经济增长、互联网发展与快递业的关系研究

利用统计数据,通过建立线性回归方程,检验快递业务量与互联网发展以及经济增长之间的关系,从中可以看到,快递服务价格的降低有利于促进快递业务量的提高,互联网发展对国内异地快递业务量影响显著,对同城快递业务量影响不显著,经济增长对同城和异地快递业务量影响均显著。     

新能源风电技术人才成长最优路径研究

新能源风电的可持续发展需要可持续的人才支撑。而风电作为多学科交叉的新兴产业，其技术人才的培养和聚集周期长。因此，如何有效提升风电技术人才成长速度和质量至关重要。本文在对技术人才成长网络特征分析的基础上，利用成长代价函数量化标度不同成长状态关系，构建了风电技术人才加权小世界网络，并通过改进Floyd算法，优化风电技术人才成长路径选择。且通过仿真实验证明这种组合方法有效提高了计算速度和精度，降低了时间复杂度，为有效提升新能源风电技术人才成长速度与质量提供了量化方法支撑。     

Methods for high-dimensional multivariate and multi-group repeated measures data under non-normality

Asymptotic tests for multivariate repeated measures are derived under non-normality and unspecified dependence structure. Notwithstanding their broader scope of application, the methods are particularly useful when a random vector of large number of repeated measurements are collected from each subject but the number of subjects per treatment group is limited. In some experimental situations, replicating the experiment large number of times could be expensive or infeasible. Although taking large number of repeated measurements could be relatively cheaper, due to within subject dependence the number of parameters involved could get large pretty quickly. Under mild conditions on the persistence of the dependence, we have derived asymptotic multivariate tests for the three testing problems in repeated measures analysis. The simulation results provide evidence in favour of the accuracy of the approximations to the null distributions.     

Critical review and comparison of continuity correction methods: The normal approximation to the binomial distribution

We provide a comprehensive and critical review of Yates’ continuity correction for the normal approximation to the binomial distribution, in particular emphasizing its poor ability to approximate extreme tail probabilities. As an alternative method, we also review Cressie's finely tuned continuity correction. In addition, we demonstrate how Yates’ continuity correction is used to improve the coverage probability of binomial confidence limits, and propose new confidence limits by applying Cressie's continuity correction. These continuity correction methods are numerically compared and illustrated by data examples arising from industry and medicine.     

China’s first priority in post-war state building: A wealthy state,or a strong army?

This analysis examined causal links in China’s defence–growth nexus in 1960–2016. The results show that better growth significantly reduces military-civilian ratio and propels military reforms. The unidirectional threshold causality from growth to defence shows that the military impact on a positive change in China’s growth is little in the long term. Conversely, the growth impact of a positive change in defence has accelerated after it reaches the threshold year in 1987. This finding explains why Chinese economy stagnated when defence was prioritised and why China has risen dramatically in the Far East after three decades of fast economic growth.     

中国经济以自己的方式走出成熟发展的道路

在中国采取措施抵御美国金融危机连锁影响的过程中,引来国外对中国经济前景的质疑。中国经济出现增长速度下降,但速度下降不等于中国处于经济危机。关键在于速度的变化由以建立的基础。寻求新的能量,为中国经济的持续发展提供新的承载力。120年的经历说明,国家环境稳定是经济稳定增长的首要基础。未来60年,中国经济体系在运行和不断调整中逐渐成熟,在成熟与成功中逐渐积淀出自己的特色。特色是成熟与成功的标志。中国经济会以自己的方式走出一条成熟发展的道路。     

Predictors of Longitudinal Growth in Inhibitory Control in Early Childhood

In the current study, we examined latent growth in 731 young children's inhibitory control from the ages of two to four years, and whether demographic characteristics or parenting behaviors were related to initial levels and growth in inhibitory control. As part of an ongoing longitudinal evaluation of the family check‐up, children's inhibitory control was assessed yearly at the ages of two to four years. Inhibitory control was initially low and increased linearly to the age of four years. High levels of harsh parenting and male gender were associated with low initial status in inhibitory control. High levels of parental positive behavior support were associated with faster growth. Extreme family poverty and African‐American ethnicity were also associated with slower growth. The results highlight parenting as a target for early interventions in contexts of high socioeconomic risk.