Salutogenic qualities of midwifery care: A best-fit framework synthesis

BackgroundAlthough midwifery care is wellness-based and promotes normal physiology, it exists within a medical model that focuses on risk aversion and disease prevention. Salutogenic theory could provide an alternative approach to midwifery care, supporting health-promoting factors, rather than solely avoiding adverse events.AimsThe aim of this study was to explore women’s experiences of their midwifery care and identify salutogenic aspects of midwifery care.MethodsBest-fit framework synthesis was used to analyse 349 quotes about women’s experiences of midwifery care from 31 qualitative studies in ten high-income countries. Key salutogenic concepts of comprehensibility, manageability and meaningfulness were used as the basis for coding, and thematic analysis was used to expand and clarify the framework to best fit the data.FindingsDefinitions for the salutogenic aspects of midwifery care were developed. Comprehensibility (cognitive aspects of health): ways that midwives help women increase predictability and preparation during childbearing through apredictable caregiver, a predictable system and preparation for an unpredictable experience. Manageability (behavioural aspects of health): ways that midwives enhance and support a woman’s internal resilience, adding extra support when needed, and strengthen women’s external resources through connections to family, community and specialist care. Meaningfulness (emotional/spiritual aspects of health): ways that midwives encourage the commitment and engagement of childbearing women by providing care through a personalised relationship, by cultivating a woman’s autonomy.ConclusionFindings of this study may be used to further research into ways that salutogenic theory can bring a health and wellness-focused agenda to midwifery policy and practice.     

Women’s reports of satisfaction and respect with continuity of care experiences by students: Findings from a routine,online survey

BackgroundPre-registration midwifery students in Australia undertake a minimum of ten continuity of care experiences with childbearing women. However, women are rarely asked to formally evaluate this care by students.AimTo evaluate data from a routine, web-based survey of women about having a midwifery student provide a continuity of care experience.MethodsAll women (n = 886) recruited by a midwifery student for a continuity of care experience during a 12 month period received an email inviting them to complete an online survey. The survey included personal details, experiences of care, and two scales on Respect and Satisfaction.ResultsA response rate of 57% (n = 501) was achieved. On average students attended six antenatal visits (mean = 5.83) and had six postnatal contacts with women. Most students attended labour and birth (92.6% n = 464). Most women rated overall satisfaction with care by their student as ‘better than they had hoped’. Positive correlations were found between number of antenatal visits and postnatal contact with students on both levels of satisfaction and respect felt by women. Women felt more satisfied when their midwifery student attended labour and birth.ConclusionsThe online survey was feasible and provided valid and reliable feedback from women about their student during a continuity of care experience. Women valued having an ongoing relationship with a student during pregnancy, labour and birth, and postpartum. Pre-registration midwifery education programs should continue to privilege relationship-based care and national standards should support the effective integration of continuity of care experiences.     

论高校教师的职业倦怠

不同个体、不同类型的职业倦怠其产生原因各不相同,归结起来,高校教师产生职业倦怠的主要原因有四个:学术权利和行政权利的不均衡;高校教师职称评聘、业绩考核制度存在弊端;高校教师录用和选聘过程缺乏有力的人才测评以及社会对高校教师报赏的失衡。因此,缓解和克服高校教师的职业倦怠也要从这几个方面考虑。     

解读"整合"与"民族整合"

"整合"和"民族整合"两词在当前的学术论著中出现频繁,学者们对"民族整合"的理解也各不相同.实现学术话语的趋同性认识和使用,有利于消除歧异性理解,形成认知上的共识.本文在对"民族整合"的不同表述进行梳理的基础上,提出了自己的主张,并认为"民族整合"是不同于民族融合和民族同化的功能和过程.     

明末清初民间宗教的民族观析论--以《冬明历》为例

<冬明历>是明清时代流传较广、影响较大的民间宗教经书之一,其史料价值弥足珍贵.很长一个时期以来,由于<冬明历>的完整版本一直未被发现,因此对于该书的具体内容和性质,学界多有不识,偶有论及者,或失之偏颇,或流入想像和臆测.本文主要以新近发现的抄本<冬明历>为第一手材料,考察了<冬明历>一书的基本结构及其相关问题,并在明末清初民族冲突的大背景下,重点探讨了民间宗教"夷夏之辨"、反清复明、帝王观的流变与满汉混同等相关问题,为更加深入、全面地认识明末清初的民族与宗教问题提供一种新的研究视角.     

前台、帷幕、后台--民族文化保护与旅游开发的新模式探索

针对民族文化保护与旅游开发的矛盾问题,文章借用美国社会人类学家马康纳"前台、后台"理论,提出了民族文化保护与旅游开发的"前台、帷幕、后台"模式,希望通过这一新模式合理地解决民族文化保护与旅游开发之间的矛盾冲突,并以美国印第安人文化保护和世界文化遗产丽江古城等为案例进行了初步的分析,为民族文化的保护与旅游开发提供了理论和实践的依据.     

法律的困惑

我国现行法律给人予太多的困惑,如劳动法管不到农民工,婚姻登记管理条例违反婚姻法关于结婚条件的规定,交通法规大幅度减免机动车事故责任,赔偿责任违背重在保护弱者权益的立法精神,生产安全事故责任人刑事责任倚轻的规定,违背公平公正原则等,已经日益成为社会和谐的消极因素,应该引起人们足够的重视.     

构建社会主义和谐社会与民族自治地方立法

如何构建社会主义和谐社会,这是目前我国民族地区共同面临的时代主题。本文从民族自治地方立法的视角对此进行研究,较深刻地阐述了民族自治地方立法与构建社会主义和谐社会的关系及其对构建社会主义和谐社会的重要作用。     

关于无锡新区建设创新型国际化科技新城的研究

通过深入考察国内先进的高新区,结合无锡新区的具体实际,文章提出无锡新区在未来发展中要以世界眼光高标准前瞻性定位,大力优化产业结构,提升产业能级,并通过改革创新重构无锡新区作为高新区的体制机制优势。