From partisan war to the ethnography of European Turkey: the Balkan career of Ivan Liprandi, 1790–1880

The Balkan entanglements of the Great Powers have long interested historians of war, diplomacy, and nation-building in South-Eastern Europe. Although tsarist officers played a central role in Russian policies in the region, historians have rarely treated their writings as expressions of specifically military concerns and preoccupations. The present article seeks to fill this gap by reconstructing the Balkan career of Ivan Liprandi, a Russian officer, partisan leader, and self-styled expert on the European part of the Ottoman Empire during the middle decades of the nineteenth century. The article traces Liprandi’s effort to turn his direct experience of partisan warfare into knowledge and place that knowledge at the disposal of the Russian military command. Liprandi’s remarkable Balkan career testifies to the growing interest of the Imperial Russian military in the ethno-confessional profile and political attitudes of the local population as factors contributing to victory or defeat. Liprandi’s statistical and ethnographic writings on the Balkans are also indicative of the nexus between the military and civilian forms of knowledge that emerged in the middle decades of the nineteenth century.     

关于林彪研究的几个问题

林彪未参加汀泗桥、贺胜桥战役;林彪与毛泽东相识于1 92 8年5月上旬至6月中旬之间一次讨论群众工作问题的会议上;林彪一再要求去陕南打游击,是其右倾悲观情绪在新形势下的反复;毛泽东举荐林彪当红军大学校长,并不是对林彪的“惩罚”,而是对林彪的信任和器重;民主革命时期的毛泽东与林彪是师生、战友的关系。在文化大革命时期,他们俩的关系,与其说是“亲密合作”,不如说是各自政治上的需要。      

磐石游击队的建立及发展原因浅析

杨靖宇和抗联第一路军赫赫有名,但作为抗联第一路军前身的磐石游击队却鲜为人知。它是“九-一八”之后,中国共产党在东北组织领导的第一支抗日武装。他们在党的领导下,在人民群众的大力支持下,采用机动灵活的战略战术,英勇的抗击日本侵略,对推动整个南满地区乃至全东北的抗日游击运动起了重大作用。     

日军细菌战对常德地区社会经济的影响初探

194 1年日军对常德实施细菌战造成常德地区鼠疫大流行,这一场疫灾持续了两年多,对常德地区社会经济造成了空前深重的灾难。日军细菌战对常德地区社会经济方面的影响包括生态环境的变化、人口的变迁、农业生产的衰退、财政金融的危机、交通运输的阻滞和商业服务业的萧条等。     

论项英在南方三年游击战争中的地位和作用

项英是中国共产党的重要领导人之一,在中共党史和中国革命史上占有重要的地位。他为中国革命流尽了最后一滴血,不愧为杰出的共产主义战士。当然,工人出身的项英,由于文化知识、理论水平的限制,不可能不出现一些失误,并且有时还出现了比较严重的错误。这与他一生的卓越功绩相比,毕竟是微小的、占第二位的。     

一部向世界揭露二战日军细菌战罪行的新著--《细菌战大屠杀》评介

<细菌战大屠杀>是美籍华裔学者尹集钧2001年7月在美国出版的一部研究二战时期日本侵略军在中国和亚洲进行细菌战的专著.书中对日军细菌战的规模、在华造成的死亡总人数和细菌战在整个日军侵略战争中的战略地位等问题作了新的判断,具有重要学术价值.该书采取中英文对照排版,便于向世界揭露日本侵略军的细菌战罪行.     

关于侵华日军细菌战史料的几个问题

六十多年前 ,侵华日军在中国境内许多地区实施的细菌战是没有被认真清算的战中战。由于种种原因 ,对这场战中战的研究是很不够的。探讨有关这场战中战史料方面的几个问题 ,如史料的现状 ,口述史料分析 ,今后在史料方面的搜集、整理与研究等 ,对这场战中战的进一步研究不无裨益。     

Locating Guatemala in Global Counterinsurgency

Guatemala, a country that during the 1980s experienced one of the most lethal counterinsurgency (COIN) campaigns during the Cold War, is currently witnessing a revival of counterinsurgent order-making within the context of the global renaissance of COIN. Against this background, this article locates Guatemala within the context of the ‘global counterinsurgency’. It highlights how contemporary COIN, through depoliticizing and criminalizing forms of counterinsurgent knowledge production that frame Guatemala as a country facing a transnational ‘criminal insurgency’, becomes increasingly integrated into externally supported and community-centered ‘democratic’ police reform and neoliberal development agendas, promoted within the context of the Central America Regional Security Initiative. This integration, the article highlights, increasingly blurs the boundaries between war-making, law enforcement, peacebuilding, and development, thereby contributing to the reappearance of counterinsurgent order-making in post-conflict Guatemala.     

金代前期军事心理战论析

金人战胜比自己强大的辽和北宋王朝过程中,所运用的军事战略战术值得探究,特别是金代女真武将以辽、宋将帅为主要目标,引导和控制其心理活动,使其判断失误,决策失措的军事谋略心理战;以及通过示形造势,使辽、宋将帅产生恐惧、疑虑和动摇,放弃与金作战的军事威慑心理战的运用,使金多次出奇制胜,打败强大的对手,出色完成军事战略任务。     

江西抗战十一次战役述评

抗战期间,中国军队同日本军队在江西境内进行了11次战役,其中有6次胜仗、1次平仗、4次败仗。本文对此进行了简要述评,说明胜败的关键因素在于战争指导艺术的高低。