Children's Perspectives on Happiness and Subjective Well‐being in Preschool

Photo‐elicited interviews indicate that children hardly ever mention educators when asked about elements in preschool that make them feel happy. Happiness is found to occur in activities in the ‘underlife’ of the ECEC institution. Children challenge adult rules and norms in order to create status in the peer‐group, while at the same time, they seek to construct social identity and maintain a positive relationship with their educators. A child that manages to balance both adult expectations and what is needed to participate in the underlife among peers, experiences happiness and thus, is in a good state of well‐being.     

博彩者特征和彩票功能悖论

一些经济学理论认为理性的人可能在一定情形下因偏好风险而参加博彩,而一些心理学实验研究则发现博彩者可能存在系统性的心理偏误。对理论的分析发现,彩票对穷人更具有吸引力且博彩者存在非理性心理。国内实证文献也支持这两个结论。如果博彩行为是非理性行为,那么博彩业就有利用人们非理性幼稚心理牟利的嫌疑。政府宣称发行彩票的目的是筹集资金用于社会公益事业,这就形成了一个悖论,即从贫穷群体那里筹集资金来改善他们的处境。     

资本扩张、资本逻辑悖论与科学发展观

剩余价值一旦转化为资本,投入社会生产系统内部而使其得到增值,就会使整个经济系统不断扩张。这种资本扩张给社会发展提供了强大动力,也产生了深层危机,它引起社会经济系统、社会结构、资源环境和人的全面发展等方面的冲突,使资本无法扩张,形成“资本逻辑悖论”。科学发展观是实现这种价值复归的路径选择,是对资本扩张产生种种危机历史之谜的解答。     

解读《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》中的悖论与反讽——一种新批评的视角

作为马克·吐温的盛名之作,《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》历来受到中外论者的偏爱,而其叙事结构和语言特征更是学界争论的焦点。本文以克林斯·布鲁克斯的悖论、反讽理论为批评视角,探究了该部作品的叙事艺术。审视之下,不难发现,小说中蕴涵的悖论与反讽是营造整个文本的美学旨归。     

Is the Study of Happiness a Worthy Scientific Pursuit?

This paper critiques the view that the study of happiness is not a worthy scientific pursuit. The happiness set point and hedonic treadmill theories denote the complexity of increasing happiness levels due to genetic limitations and adaptation, however, there is mounting evidence to suggest that with the use of appropriate measures and specific interventions aimed at fostering strengths and virtues, happiness can be increased. Furthermore, the benefits of investigating methods for increasing happiness include improvements in physical, psychological and social health and well-being. It is concluded that approaching human needs from a top down or holistic standpoint where individuals can use their strengths to overcome life’s challenges, is beneficial to health and well-being. Hence, the study of happiness is a worthy scientific pursuit.     

Your position in society matters for how happy you are

This article shows that people's perception of their position in society is strongly correlated with their level of happiness, and thus that differences in happiness levels among countries in different welfare state clusters are influenced by people's perceptions of their relative position in society (subjective position). The study drew on data from the European Social Survey. Two important findings emerged from the analysis. First, an individual's subjective position in society is a more important predictor of happiness than objective measures such as income, education and labour market position. Second, the link between individuals’ perceived position in society and their level of happiness is moderated by the welfare state. In the Nordic countries, people's perceptions of their position in society have less influence on happiness whereas in Eastern European countries we found a strong connection between subjective position and happiness.     

An approximate dual-self model and paradoxes of choice under risk

We derive a simplified version of the model of Fudenberg and Levine, 2006, Fudenberg and Levine, 2011 and show how this approximate model is useful in explaining choice under risk. We show that in the simple case of three outcomes, the model can generate indifference curves that “fan out” in the Marschak–Machina triangle, and thus can explain the well-known Allais and common ratio paradoxes that models such as prospect theory and regret theory are designed to capture. At the same time, our model is consistent with modern macroeconomic theory and evidence and generates predictions across a much wider set of domains than these models.     

马克思主义幸福观对独立学院幸福观教育的指导意义

马克思主义幸福观是开展幸福观教育的重要理论,对大学生职业规划有指导意义。     

意向性与心灵的“分界面”——普特南实在论思想探析

普特南通过意向性问题深入实在论研究,分析了形而上学实在论的缺失,指出意向性的非还原性和开放型的构造,并且把意向性延伸到逻辑学、伦理学、宗教学等领域。在这个基础上,普特南试图通过消解实在与心灵之间的分界面来避免实在论的二律背反,进而从内在实在论走向直接实在论。     

论司马光“独乐园”的文化内涵

传统士人园林对于其人生的完满与人格理想的构建意义重大,时至宋代,士人园林发展已极为成熟完备,地处华夏之中的洛阳更是荟萃了当时士人园林的精华,在众多园林中,独乐园虽小,却因有了司马光人品之涵养而独树一帜,别具一格,在传统士人园林中占有一席之地。独乐园为司马光赋闲洛阳时所建,它蕴含着司马光的处世态度与价值观念。所谓"独"与"乐"别具一番深意,对司马光而言甚为重要,既反映了司马光当时的人生状态,也寄托着他的人格理想,即一方面是著书立说、上师圣人、下友群贤、徜徉山水的自在人生,另一方面,则省分知足、独善其身、坚持原则的人格操守。