一类边界条件随时间变化的一维Stefan问题的求解

本文基于耦合法和改进的热平衡积分法,对一类边界条件随时间变化的一维Stefan问题进行了讨论,将以上两种半分析法得到的结果与数值结果进行比较,表明本文提出的方法较传统的热平衡积分法有更精确的结果。     

均匀高压电场下电场极性对池沸腾换热影响的实验研究

利用电水动力学（EHD）技术对工质R123进行了均匀高压电场下电场极性对池沸腾换热影响的实验研究．在该实验中，换热面为一平板并接地作为0电极，高压电极为平行于换热面的网状电极．实验的热流密度为2～25kW／m^2，电压为0～±25kV，得出了正、负电压下换热系数、壁面过热度、EHD强化系数和热流密度之间的变化关系．结果表明，无论施加正、负电压，强化系数均随热流密度的增加而下降，最终达到稳定值；高热流密度下，正电压有较弱的强化效果；正电压下的强化换热效果优于负电压下的强化换热效果．     

ASSESSING THE NEEDS OF TRAUMATIZED CHILDREN TO IMPROVE OUTCOMES

This paper is about the development of an outcomes‐based treatment approach in work with traumatized children and of an assessment model to measure progress. In particular, it shows how a spider diagram is used to give a powerful, visual representation of a child's progress. The work described has been carried out by SACCS — an independent UK organization providing treatment based in residential and family settings for children who are severely traumatized by abuse and neglect. This trauma has had a massive impact on their development socially, physically, emotionally, academically and spiritually. The children have complex needs which are extremely difficult to work with. However, the potential for recovery from their injuries remains. I will use a single case study of a child to illustrate the process of assessment and measurement of recovery. The treatment approach used is broadly psychodynamic. The concept of an outcomes‐based approach and the measurement tool described also has widespread relevance in social care.     

A Critical Analysis of the Social Work Literature on Disabilities

Abstract

The principles of empowerment and demedicalization have been central to the formulations of rehabilitation and social service practices as well as case management, a core community support service provided to people with psychiatric disabilities. This study describes empowering and demedicalized practices in mental health case management. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with thirty leaders in the mental health consumer movement and five professionals. Twenty-five categories of such practices were developed and are presented. Findings have implications for both the nature of the interaction between case manager and client and for program structures, activities, and missions.     

用淬冷法确定饱和液氮中的池沸腾热流密度曲线

用直径为５０ｍｍ、厚度为１２ｍｍ的铜平板在液氮中进行了不同热面方位角的淬冷沸腾实验，各方位角为θ＝０°（热面向下）、１０°、２０°、３０°、５０°和９０°（热面垂直）；随着方位角的增加，临界热流密度、最小膜态沸腾热流密度及其壁面过热度相应地增加，且在方位角θ＜３０°时，θ对上述参数的影响更大；得出ｑＣＨＦ、ｑｍｉｎ与方位角的关系式．     

Recovery during a short period of respite: The interactive roles of mindfulness and respite experiences

Abstract

Work-induced exhaustion and diminished vigour require recovery periods to offset future deleterious consequences for mental and physical health. It is therefore important to understand the factors that effect recovery. This study sought insight into the roles of the personal trait of mindfulness (which refers to paying attention to present experiences) and situational circumstances (respite experiences) that facilitate recovery during a short period of respite, expressed in decreased exhaustion and increased vigour. Two hundred nursing employees from 27 units of a hospital in the northern part of Israel responded to three sets of questionnaires before, during and after two-day periods of respite. Results showed that the nurses' level of exhaustion decreased and level of vigour increased after the short respite, indicating a successful recovery. Mixed Linear Model analyses identified the nature of respite activities and experiences (fewer non-work hassles and relaxation) and mindfulness as crucial catalysts of the recovery process. Mindfulness moderated the effects of non-work hassles and relaxation experiences on the levels of exhaustion and vigour after the short respites. The theoretical and practical implications of the findings for the recovery process are discussed.     

死锁恢复的多维交换结构容错路由算法

在高性能路由器中采用多维交换结构是解决可扩展性的一种方法。在实现这种交换结构时,随着节点数目的增多,交换结构出现故障的概率也随之增加。该文在mesh/torus结构上提出了一种基于死锁恢复策略的容错路由算法MMAR。基于各非故障节点周围链路的状态,MMAR能容错任意形状的故障模型且所需虚拟通道数少。通过在凹形区域表面节点中设置该凹形区域内节点位置信息表,该算法能避免消息进入与其目的节点无关的凹形区域以使绕道路径最短。该文给出了在256个节点的二维torus中的仿真结果,验证了算法的有效性。     

热方程组的熄灭时间对初值的连续依赖性

利用极值原理和构造辅助函数的方法,我们证明了一类齐次二维热方程组解的熄灭时间连续依赖于初值.     

Recovery Schools Rise to the Challenge: Shifting Alcohol Norms and Behaviors in Youth and Emerging Adults

Alcohol is a huge challenge for youth and therefore for the field of social work. The confluence of biopsychosocial factors place youth at risk. Early initiation to alcohol use is a serious risk factor for depression, anxiety, and suicide. The focus of this article is on the collaborative use of resources and evidence-based practices and innovative mechanisms for shifting youth mores around alcohol and providing alternative peer groups, especially in abstinence-hostile settings, such as high schools and college campuses. Recovery schools are drawing national attention and becoming a part of the fabric of the advancing recovery movement for youth. This article discusses the Recovery School movement; its impact on youth, families, and communities; and the impact it can have on the Social Work Grand Challenges. It culminates with a case study of a university community that demonstrates how lives and norms around alcohol can shift for youth and young adults.     

Physical health decision making and decision aid preferences of individuals with severe mental illness

Individuals with severe mental illness (SMI) often suffer from comorbid physical health conditions that reduce quality of life and longevity. The integrated care movement has improved access to primary care services, but system change does not necessarily impact health behaviors. In an effort to better understand health behaviors of persons with SMI in integrated care, we explored physical health decision making and decision aid preferences. We conducted three focus groups, including two consumer groups and one mental health staff group. Data were analyzed using a grounded theory approach, employing independent coding, thematic analysis, and meaning-making processes. Data suggest that overall, the consumer groups preferred a shared decision making process, with the doctor making the final treatment decision. Staff indicated that decision making depended on a consumer’s functioning level. Consumers liked the idea of using a decision aid, and reported preferring the computerized aid. Staff felt that decision aids were dependent on consumer level of functioning. Consumers generally view primary care doctors as experts, but like the idea of using decision aids to assist in making medical decisions. Staff feel that consumers may need help in both decision making and decision aid use in primary care.