Rumination for innovation? Analysing the longitudinal effects of work-related rumination on creativity at work and off-job recovery

Work-related rumination is not a single construct, but consists of a dimension associated with negative emotions or affect (affective rumination), and a dimension associated with reflective thinking and applying strategies to solve problems (problem-solving pondering). In this three-wave longitudinal study across two years (N?=?630) we investigated whether the relationships between work-related rumination, off-job recovery, and creativity at work varied along the two dimensions of work-related rumination. In addition, we tested whether the relationships followed normal, reversed, or reciprocal causation. The results showed, first, that in a one-year perspective affective rumination, but not problem-solving pondering, was negatively related to off-job recovery and that problem-solving pondering, but not affective rumination, was positively related to creativity at work. Second, in a two-year perspective, reversed effects were detected as creativity at work was negatively related to affective rumination and positively to off-job recovery. Our results suggest that the quality of work-related thoughts determines whether the outcome is beneficial or detrimental. Occupational health interventions that only advise employees to stop thinking about work during off-job time, may therefore be too simplistic.     

食品安全事件后消费者购买恢复及恢复速度影响因素分析——以三聚氰胺事件为例

以三聚氰胺事件为例,采用Heckman两阶段模型对北京、天津和石家庄市消费者的乳制品购买恢复和恢复速度进行了实证分析。结果显示,(1)有老人的家庭对乳制品的购买恢复越容易;(2)消费者非常信赖政府监管部门对食品的监督;(3)食品安全事故发生地石家庄消费者的消费恢复明显慢于非事故地区北京和天津;(4)消费者在做消费恢复决策中,收入越高,越容易做出不恢复消费的决策。但是,一旦消费者作出恢复的决策,将以一个非常快的速度恢复到以前的消费水平。     

Stigma and family relationships of middle-aged gay men in recovery

The primary objective of this study was to explore how middle-aged gay men in recovery cope with stigma and family relationships. For gay men, perceptions of acceptance of their sexual orientation and degree of social connectedness can play a role in their recovery from alcohol and substance use disorders. Yet gay men may have a more difficult time accessing certain family-level health resources because their families of origin may stigmatize, reject, or silence them on account of their sexual orientation. Semi-structured interviews were used to explore how participants in recovery constructed and coped with their experiences of stigma, family relationships, and alcohol and substance use. Participants (30 gay men ages 50 to 64) completed a questionnaire and interview. We used constructivist grounded theory method and minority stress theory as a theoretical framework to interpret the data. We identified the following themes: Internalization of Stigma, Changes in Coping Strategies, and Ongoing Stigma. Future research should explore how to incorporate familial support into gay men's recovery, address ongoing internalized stigma, and develop a social response to stigma, rather than leaving it to individuals to confront on their own.     

“I'm in this world for a reason”: Resilience and recovery among American Indian and Alaska Native two-spirit women

ABSTRACT

American Indian and Alaska Native sexual minority (two-spirit) women are vulnerable to substance misuse and mental health challenges due to multiple minority oppressed status and exposure to stress and trauma. Yet, these women find pathways toward healing and wellness. We conducted a qualitative data analysis of interviews derived from a national health study and gained an understanding of 11 two-spirit women's resilience and recovery patterns. Emergent from the data, a braided resiliency framework was developed which elucidates multilayered abilities, processes, and resources involved in their resiliency. We recommend that resilience-promoting strategies be incorporated into substance misuse and mental health interventions.     

The Power of Peer Support: The Development of the Empowerment Center

ABSTRACT

This article discusses the events and influences that led to the author’s contribution to the development of a mental health consumer-run organization, The Empowerment Center in Mount Vernon, NY. The author traces some events that influenced him personally and the evolution of the Empowerment Center from an organization that provided advocacy services (to those with mental health problems who were hospitalized) and community-based support services to people in mental health recovery, to an organization focusing on economic empowerment and economic development for the community of those in recovery. The transition of the Empowerment Center into an organization focused on economic empowerment underscores the importance of economic independence for people in recovery and the consumer-run organizations that support them. The Empowerment Center endeavors to demonstrate that mental health consumer-survivors can take control of their economic health as well as their physical and mental health.     

How Does a Campus Recovery House Impact Its Students and Its Host Institution?

This is a literature review about a growing trend in meeting the needs of students in recovery who wish to attend an institution of higher education. The trend is campus-based recovery community programs and, more specifically, campus-based recovery houses. The need for, development mechanisms for, and models of different recovery houses are discussed. Trends, disagreements, and gaps in the literature are addressed, as are recommendations for future research. To better understand the context of this type of intervention for recovering college students, long-standing formal and informal recovery tools are defined and addressed. Social support, a significant element of recovery, is given special attention as key to the success of campus recovery programs and houses.     

Prioritized reconstruction of healthcare facilities after earthquakes based on recovery of emergency services

Earthquakes can disrupt the healthcare system heavily, leading to long wait times and many untreated patients for years after the event. Emergency services, in particular, must return to preearthquake functionality as soon as possible such that patients, especially critically injured ones, can be treated promptly. However, reconstruction and restoration of emergency services can take years. Due to limited reconstruction resources, decision-makers cannot reconstruct all hospitals simultaneously. They are typically forced to prioritize the reconstruction order, and this process is often poorly planned. This article models emergency services as an M/M/s queuing system that accounts for prioritized treatment of critical patients and formulates a greedy algorithm to plan for an effective healthcare system reconstruction. The algorithm finds the reconstruction ordering of hospital buildings such that emergency patients have the shortest time to receiving medical care possible. We show our greedy algorithm's good performance for small problem instances, with average deviations from the optimal solution below 16%. Further, we apply our methodology to a case study of Lima, Peru, under a hypothetical M8.0 earthquake. The application demonstrates that compared to typically implemented policies, a policy guided by our formulation results in shorter time to treatment and reduces the number of untreated patients over the course of the reconstruction period by more than a factor of 3 in a worst-case scenario with 70% hospital capacity disruption. Finally, we demonstrate that our formulation can be integrated into risk analysis through Monte Carlo simulations to inform decision-makers of reconstruction plans after future earthquakes.     

技术的简单化复归及其对人性的解蔽

在现代技术社会中人们已经默认并接受了技术的复杂化现实,这种现实阻碍了人与技术的和谐发展过程,而且也遮蔽了人性.文章以技术对人类来讲是手段而不是目的为思想基础,在技术的复杂化所带来的技术的掩盖性和现实人与真正的"个体自我"的分裂的基础上,探讨技术的简单化复归及对人性的解蔽作用.     

基于韧性城市视角的冰雪天气下路网恢复问题研究

城市的快速发展使其愈加依赖于生命线基础设施系统,城市在自然或人为突发事件面前的脆弱性日益凸显,城市面对突发事件后的运行与恢复问题受到广泛关注。冬季极端冰雪天气对城市路网系统带来极大冲击,严重降低路网服务能力。本文基于韧性城市视角,对冰雪天气下城市路网韧性的概念和度量方法进行了分析。以提升路网韧性为目标,建立冰雪天气下路网恢复问题的数学模型,解决极端冰雪天气不确定信息下的城市路网除雪应急物资布局问题及其除雪作业优化问题,并设计了相应的启发式求解算法。最后通过算例验证了模型和算法的有效性,以期为城市冰雪天气应对提供决策支持,提升城市应对极端冰雪天气的韧性。     

Post‐genocide justice: The Gacaca courts

In the aftermath of the Rwandan genocide, the crippled formal judicial system failed to administer justice in a timely manner. A modified version of the traditional Gacaca courts was introduced to hear cases from the backlog of over 100,000 genocide suspects. We find that the Gacaca courts performed well relative to the formal justice system, given the constraints faced. The Gacaca courts generated valuable information about the genocide suspects and increased access to the justice system. The introduction of the Gacaca courts improved the performance of the formal justice system and facilitated post‐conflict recovery.