光分组交换技术研究

光分组交换技术克服了限制光网络发展的电子瓶颈,具有最小的交换粒度,是一种理想的光交换技术．文中介绍了光分组交换的基本原理和关键技术,并总结了在光分组交换中——副载波标签产生,竞争解决, 全光时钟恢复和2R再生技术中所开展的研究工作和取得的研究成果．     

The efficient integration of abundance and demographic data

Summary. A drawback of a new method for integrating abundance and mark–recapture–recovery data is the need to combine likelihoods describing the different data sets. Often these likelihoods will be formed by using specialist computer programs, which is an obstacle to the joint analysis. This difficulty is easily circumvented by the use of a multivariate normal approximation. We show that it is only necessary to make the approximation for the parameters of interest in the joint analysis. The approximation is evaluated on data sets for two bird species and is shown to be efficient and accurate.     

论亚太经济的两次衰退与复苏

从1997年7月亚洲金融危机爆发到现在,亚太经济经历了两次衰退和两次复苏。本文论述与分析这两次经济衰退与复苏的国际与地区内的经济背景,并比较分析这两次经济衰退与复苏的不同特点。     

LNG绕管式换热器管内压降和热传递的数值模拟

针对目前LNG绕管式换热器在设计时存在管内低温传热的不确定性,采用FLUENT软件分析了大螺距螺旋管 在湍流状态下管内的压降和冷却传热特征。研究中分别采用4.8 MPa的气态甲烷和液态甲烷为介质,探讨了螺旋管结 构、雷诺数Re、普朗特数Pr对压降和努塞尔数Nu的影响。结果表明：管径、缠绕直径、Re及Pr对压降和/VM的影响较 大;螺距对传热和压降影响较小,可忽略不计。并将模拟值与Jayakumar等半经验值做对比,结果趋势一致。最后拟合出 适用于LNG低温冷却状态下的Nu公式,为LNG绕管式换热器的工艺计算提供一定的依据。     

烟熏炉螺旋管换热器换热仿真模型研究

换热器是肉食品热加工的烟熏炉的重要组成部分,一般有螺旋板式与U型2种不同形式。目前根据热加工要求 设计换热器时,结构参数的选择存在一定的盲目性,即换热器的尺寸是否满足要求完全凭经验及依赖事后验证。文中针 对某一类型烟熏炉螺旋管式换热器进行流动传热分析,建立换热器的一圈为基本单元的数值分析模型。借助CFD技 术,分析了不同圈数对出口温度分布的影响。结果显示不同圈数对换热器的温度分布影响较大,且基本单元截面的温度 值与基本单元数量呈二次函数关系。拟合不同圈数下各截面的温度值,得到各基本单元的出口温度与基本单元个数（圈 数）的函数关系。该函数关系能够有效地反映换热器温度降趋势,从而指导具体的换热器设计。     

不同混合回收模式和权力结构的逆向供应链决策分析

在制造商主导和销售商主导两种权力结构下,构建了制造商与销售商两者混合回收及制造商、销售商和第三方三者混合回收的四类逆向供应链模型,运用博弈理论求解,对四类逆向供应链进行比较发现：（1）回收竞争程度较高时,制造商的最优策略为制造商主导且两者混合回收;回收竞争程度较低时,制造商的最优策略为制造商主导且三者混合回收。（2）销售商的最优决策始终为参与制造商主导且制造商和销售商混合回收的逆向供应链,最差决策始终为销售商主导且三者混合回收的逆向供应链。（3）逆向供应链系统的最优决策为制造商主导两者混合回收或三者混合回收。（4）针对最佳权力结构和混合回收方式,制造商和逆向供应链系统的最优决策基本一致,均为制造商主导的逆向供应链;制造商、销售商和逆向供应链系统的最差策略均为销售商主导的逆向供应链。     

HPAM与油之间的界面剪切粘度实验研究

用改进后的沟槽式界面粘度仪测定方法系统地测量了不同聚合物,不同聚合物浓度,不同矿化度的聚合物溶液/模拟油体系在不同温度下的界面剪切粘度。实验结果表明,聚合物溶液/模拟油的界面剪切粘度同时受温度、聚合物浓度及溶液矿化度的影响,且其变化规律与聚合物溶液的体相粘度的变化规律截然不同。通过分析,提出了表征界面流变性的另一参数—无因次界面粘度,它排除了因聚合物溶液体相粘度变化带来的界面粘度变化,并分析了温度、聚合物浓度和溶液矿化度对无因次界面粘度的影响规律。     

易地扶贫搬迁农户生计恢复策略选择的影响因素研究——基于陕西安康的农户调查

易地扶贫搬迁的效果如何,关键取决于搬迁农户选择了什么样的生计恢复策略。基于在陕西省安康市所进行的移民搬迁和农户生计专项调查所获得的数据,采用二项Logistic回归模型和多项式Logistic回归模型,研究了易地扶贫搬迁农户生计恢复策略选择的影响因素。结果发现金融资本和人力资本对农业为主型生计恢复策略的选择具有显著的负向影响效应;自然资本、人力资本和社会资本对非农为主型生计恢复策略选择具有显著的影响效应,其中自然资本有着负向的影响效应;自然资本、金融资本、人力资本和社会资本对搬迁农户选择多样型的生计策略具有显著的正向影响。自然资本、金融资本和人力资本对搬迁农户生计恢复策略由农业为主型向非农为主型转化有显著的影响;金融资本、人力资本和社会资本对搬迁农户生计恢复策略由农业为主型向生计多样型转化有显著的影响。     

Rebuilding Communities After Natural Disasters: The 2009 Bushfires in Southeastern Australia

ABSTRACT

Through nonrandom purposive sampling, this article examines the ways three Catholic agencies offered bushfire recovery assistance after the 2009 bushfires in the Australian state of Victoria. Participants from Catholic welfare agencies (29), local and state government (8), international recovery agencies (2), and others such as clergy, church, and medical (6) were selected, and senior managers, middle managers, and workers on the ground were interviewed up to 3 times during a 3-year period. The forty-five people were interviewed a total of 74 times. Study results illustrate the importance of adaptability, flexibility, and preplanning as the core of recovery assistance. Linking with local and state government disaster management plans and developing mechanisms to inform other groups as to the services that new agencies could provide were essential for filling gaps in services and establishing cooperative ventures. Recommendations are provided but more research is needed on how other agencies can benefit from the knowledge gained in this study.     

Coping Strategies Used by Survivors of Childhood Sexual Abuse on the Journey to Recovery

This interpretative phenomenological analysis study explored seven adult survivors' experiences of coping with childhood sexual abuse and identified their coping strategies on the road to recovery. Data for the analysis was collected using semistructured interviews. The analytical process yielded two key theme clusters: avoidant coping strategies and problem-focused coping strategies. The participants journeyed through similar gradual and dynamic coping processes by initially adopting avoidant strategies before turning to problem-focused ones. A healthy process of coping with sexual abuse involved seeking support, cognitive engagement, optimistic thinking, self-acceptance, and seeking meaning strategies. This study suggests that problem-focused coping strategies should be promoted as part of therapeutic intervention.