广州市旅行社行业市场绩效探析

近年来，广州市旅行社业发展很不稳定，如何提升市场绩效是广州市旅行社业亟待解决的问题。文章主要采用2001--2006年广州市旅游统计年鉴上的数据，通过对照全国、上海旅行社业的营业收入、旅行社数量和总接待人数3个指标，分析了广州市旅行社业市场绩效现状。并从经济效益、社会效益方面的指标定量分析及通过案例的定性分析了广州市旅行社业的市场绩效，分析结果显示广州市旅行社业在利润率、市场集中度、员工素质等方面影响着市场绩效。提出了“内外结合”、降低市场集中度、提高员工素质和社会福利的解决措施。     

高校课程绩效评估模型的构建与运用

构建高校课程绩效评估机制对于高校课程建设具有重要实践指导意义。该文在剖析高校课程绩效影响因子的基础上,提出了高校课程绩效评估的一般模型,并对该模型的运用以及课程绩效管理实践提出了若干对策建议。     

Assessing the performance of business colleges in Taiwan using data envelopment analysis and student based value-added performance indicators

The purpose of this study is to construct a student-based performance evaluation model for business schools in Taiwan. College graduates’ starting wage and their multiple abilities cultivated in school are used as performance indicators. The value-added forms of these indicators are employed to assess the pure impact of school on graduate's performance. To prevent impractical indicator weights, we incorporate job market recruiters’ weights from an AHP survey into the assurance region data envelopment analysis (AR-DEA) for empirical analysis. Empirical results show that the public schools on average outperform the private schools. However, there are still some private schools that perform better than the public ones. Besides, in regard to the discriminatory power and the distribution of output weights, the proposed AR-DEA is better than DEA in measuring the performance of the business colleges in Taiwan.     

Does Fundraising Professionalization Pay?

Although fundraising organizations in the third sector have gone through a progressive professionalization process, it remains unclear whether this development has led to any financial benefits. This article focuses on the question of whether or not it pays off for fundraising organizations to invest in professionalization. The data for this study come from 165 organizations representing 45 percent of the Swiss fundraising market. We first propose the term “organizational fundraising capability” as a new construct for measuring the degree of professionalization and rationalization in fundraising management. We then analyze its relationship to overall net revenue from donations as well as the growth of net revenue from donations. Our analysis indicates that, in addition to organizational size measured by total revenue, revenue share from donations, and expansion strategy, fundraising capability makes an important contribution to explaining both an institution's net revenue from fundraising and the level of increase in net donations. The consequences for the development of professionalization and rationalization in fundraising are discussed.     

A randomized study of CrossFit Kids for fostering fitness and academic outcomes in middle school students

Within the context of school-based physical education (PE), a strength and conditioning program called CrossFit Kids (CFK) has emerged as a potential intervention for positively impacting students. The purpose of this study was to evaluate through a randomized-controlled trial how academic and health-related fitness outcomes differed for middle school students (age = 12.73; 55.3 % male) who participated in a school-based CFK program (n=72) as compared to a group of students who participated in PE class (n=72). Questionnaire data were collected twice across the 9-month academic year and combined with FitnessGram and grade data.Students in both the intervention and comparison groups increased in health-related fitness outcomes (all p values < .017), and there was a significant treatment group by time interaction on school-reported grades [F(1, 124) = 7.270, p = .008, η_P^2 = .055].Significant gender by time interaction effects were found for the relationship between CFK or PE participation and health-related fitness outcomes, but there were no significant interaction effects by gender on academic outcomes. Because developmental outcomes are conditional and result from the coaction of many factors, the findings suggest that some elements of CFK might be beneficial to build skills yet disadvantageous to academic outcomes.     

我国上市公司高管薪酬问题探析

21世纪以来，我国上市公司高层管理人员薪酬持续增长，一些上市公司高管爆出领取天价高薪引起社会各界尤其是广大中小投资者的强烈不满。虽然近年来政府相关部门下发了一些规定，以遏制高管薪酬的无节制增长，但作用还是很有限。本文在前人研究的基础上对上市公司高管薪酬制度的现状以及所存在的问题进行讨论，并分析导致上市公司高管薪酬制度产生问题的原因，最后着重对完善上市公司高管薪酬提出相应的解决方案。     

Microbiological and Modeling Approach to Derive Performance Objectives for Bacillus cereus Group in Ready‐to‐Eat Salads

In this article, the performance objectives (POs) for Bacillus cereus group (BC) in celery, cheese, and spelt added as ingredients in a ready‐to‐eat mixed spelt salad, packaged under modified atmosphere, were calculated using a Bayesian approach. In order to derive the POs, BC detection and enumeration were performed in nine lots of naturally contaminated ingredients and final product. Moreover, the impact of specific production steps on the BC contamination was quantified. Finally, a sampling plan to verify the ingredient lots' compliance with each PO value at a 95% confidence level (CL) was defined. To calculate the POs, detection results as well as results above the limit of detection but below the limit of quantification (i.e., censored data) were analyzed. The most probable distribution of the censored data was determined and two‐dimensional (2D) Monte Carlo simulations were performed. The PO values were calculated to meet a food safety objective of 4 log₁₀ cfu of BC for g of spelt salad at the time of consumption. When BC grows during storage between 0.90 and 1.90 log₁₀ cfu/g, the POs for BC in celery, cheese, and spelt ranged between 1.21 log₁₀ cfu/g for celery and 2.45 log₁₀ cfu/g for spelt. This article represents the first attempt to manage the concept of PO and 2D Monte Carlo simulation in the flow chart of a complex food matrix, including raw and cooked ingredients.     

Linking government social media usage to public perceptions of government performance: an empirical study from China

Based on an online survey of 1042 Beijing residents, this study links the usage of government social media tools, including WeChat, microblogs, and apps, to public perceptions of the government’s performance. The results indicated that young people are more likely to use government microblogs. In contrast, an inverted U-shaped relationship was found between age and the utilization of government WeChat and apps. The findings also showed that people with high education, high economic status, and a local hukou were more likely to use all three government social media tools. In controlling for the demographic variables, the results showed that the most important predictor of the use of a government social media tool was the use of any other government social media tool. The general use of social media significantly influenced the use of government social media tools, whereas the direction of this influence depended on the homogeneity or heterogeneity of these behaviors. Moreover, the results revealed a linkage between government social media use and public perceptions of government performance. Functional use, especially information acquisition and participation, was a significant predictor of perceived government transparency, responsiveness, and citizen satisfaction, while the public service function significantly increased perceived government responsiveness.     

晋升激励、地域偏爱与企业环境表现:来自A股上市公司的经验证据

晋升激励和地域偏爱是影响地方政府官员决策行为的关键因素。本文以2009-2015年沪深A股上市企业为样本，探讨官员更替对企业环境表现的影响，并分别从晋升激励和地域偏爱两个角度切入分析这种影响背后的机制。研究发现，地方政府换届后，若继任官员来自本地调任，则当地企业的环境表现将得到改善；而若继任官员来自异地调任，则当地企业的环境表现将发生恶化。这一研究结论在解决可能的内生性问题、改变度量指标、考虑滞后反应、进行安慰剂测试、调整样本及控制其他可能的遗漏变量等一系列稳健性测试后仍然成立。进一步研究发现，异地调任的继任官员出于晋升激励的动机而倾向于降低地方环境治理水平；而本地调任官员出于对曾经任职地区的地域偏爱而更重视当地环境治理。本文创新性地从地方官员的晋升激励和地域偏爱视角探讨企业的环境社会责任，为理解地方官员的决策模式和企业环境责任行为提供了新思路。     

组织合法性理论视角下的社会和环境披露研究评述

以SSCI、EBSCO和Emerald数据库中检索到的75篇英文文献为样本,基于组织合法性理论视角,从社会和环境披露动机、策略、影响因素和绩效等方面进行梳理分析,概括现有社会和环境披露研究的特征。然后,在此基础上提出了若干建议与展望,以期为国内未来研究提供借鉴。