国有资产保值增值若干基本理论问题思考

主要从基本理论的角度对国有资产保值增值问题进行了初步思考,认为国有资产保值增值的对象是企业国有净资产,不是企业总资产,也不是国家资本金;国有资产保值增值的评估测定只能以企业国有净资产的实际价值变动作为标准和依据;构成对国有资产保值增值最大威胁的因素是企业国有资产营运效益低下;实现国有资产保值增值的根本途径在于提高国有资产的营运效益。     

戈德尔的市场自由道德理论评介

戴卫·戈德尔是继罗尔斯之后 ,对契约主义思想影响最大 ,同时也带来了最多争议的思想家之一。他从塑造理想市场的需要出发界说人的道德与理性 ,认为二者同市场的运行原则———有限制最大化是和谐一致的。道德与理性的一致性假设虽然能够有效解决市场分析中的市场失灵问题 ,但是 ,这一假设本身依赖于一个理想市场的优先存在。两个假设的相互依赖最终使得戈德尔的道德学说陷入了解释学的循环     

Choosing the Number of Instruments

Properties of instrumental variable estimators are sensitive to the choice of valid instruments, even in large cross‐section applications. In this paper we address this problem by deriving simple mean‐square error criteria that can be minimized to choose the instrument set. We develop these criteria for two‐stage least squares (2SLS), limited information maximum likelihood (LIML), and a bias adjusted version of 2SLS (B2SLS). We give a theoretical derivation of the mean‐square error and show optimality. In Monte Carlo experiments we find that the instrument choice generally yields an improvement in performance. Also, in the Angrist and Krueger (1991) returns to education application, when the instrument set is chosen in the way we consider, it turns out that both 2SLS and LIML give similar (large) returns to education.     

论发展低碳经济的减排政策工具

为解决温室气体排放的外部性问题,各种减排政策工具应运而生。根据作用效果的不同,可分为抑制排放的政策工具和鼓励促进低排放的政策工具。在抑制排放的政策工具中,碳税和碳排放交易采用了不同的政策机理,碳税更适用于市场机制不完善的发展中国家,而碳排放交易则更适用于市场机制比较完善、经济发展成熟的发达国家。在鼓励促进低排放的政策工具中,通过综合运用财政补贴、税收优惠和差别定价等措施,对可再生能源的发展可发挥重要作用。     

探索实验教学的改革与创新——以水泵组合参数测控实验平台研发为例

测量与控制技术已广泛应用于工业生产的各个领域。在全国高等院校测控类、电气类、化工类等诸多专业中,已普遍开设了测量控制技术课程及其相关的实验。本文运用科研成果,设计制作了创新型水泵综合参数测控实验装置,实现了验证型实验、综合性实验、设计型实验与创新型实验并存,改进了实验教学,强化了学生实际操作能力和创新能力的培养。     

司法考试:法律文书教学的另一维度——以刑事法律文书为例

司法考试注重考查应试者的法学应用能力,法律文书教学旨在培养学生文书制作应用,法律文书教学可面向司法考试,将司法考试作为法律文书教学的另一维度。司法考试可为法律文书教学提供丰富的案例,突出法律文书教学的应用性,司法考试是检验法律文书教学效果的重要途径。面向司法考试的法律文书教学可以不断提升学生的法律思维和文书制作技能,做到理论联系实践,以适应未来的职业要求。     

钢材跨品种套期保值计算方法研究

应用2006年2月至2009年9月的现货样本数据以及2009年3月27日以后的线材期货WR0909周样本数据,研究发现热轧和线材现货具有长期相关性,可以进行跨品种套期保值。跨品种套保采用价值相等法,并利用最优套保比率对合约份数进行调整。跨品种套保为钢铁企业提供了新的风险规避的途径,实现了期货市场的基本功能。      

Semiparametric inference for estimating equations with nonignorably missing covariates

We consider statistical inference of unknown parameters in estimating equations (EEs) when some covariates have nonignorably missing values, which is quite common in practice but has rarely been discussed in the literature. When an instrument, a fully observed covariate vector that helps identifying parameters under nonignorable missingness, is available, the conditional distribution of the missing covariates given other covariates can be estimated by the pseudolikelihood method of Zhao and Shao [(2015), ‘Semiparametric pseudo likelihoods in generalised linear models with nonignorable missing data’, Journal of the American Statistical Association, 110, 1577–1590)] and be used to construct unbiased EEs. These modified EEs then constitute a basis for valid inference by empirical likelihood. Our method is applicable to a wide range of EEs used in practice. It is semiparametric since no parametric model for the propensity of missing covariate data is assumed. Asymptotic properties of the proposed estimator and the empirical likelihood ratio test statistic are derived. Some simulation results and a real data analysis are presented for illustration.     

Techniques and paradoxes in performing performance measurements: concluding reflections

ABSTRACT

Performance measurement has an implicit performance theory embedded within its practice; performance measurement perforce performs. Performance measurement has a performative effect on performance. Drawing together and building on the various empirical observations from the preceding papers in this collection, this concluding paper firstly examines the circumstances in which performance measurement performs, that is, when it produces ‘authentic’ performance improvements, compared to when performance measurements misfire. The paper secondly explores several paradoxes of performance measurement – such that performance measurement measures only part of the performance it seeks to be performative on, incentives to perform incentivise poor performance and so on. These paradoxes, contradictions and ironies must be apprehended and appreciated in discovering, discerning and deciphering the diverse dynamics of measuring performance. They also demonstrate that analysing and working with performance measurement requires a perspective that eschews absolutes and clear directions, and embraces the uneasy and potentially destabilising tension of Escher’s performative art.