Longitudinal trajectories of maternal parenting stress in Korean families: Children's executive function and school adjustment

A majority of mothers experience parenting stress in daily life; however high levels of maternal stress have been recognized as a risk factor for children's developmental outcomes. We examined trajectories of maternal parenting stress across childhood, and their longitudinal relations to children's executive function and school adjustment. Data were drawn from the Panel Study on Korean Children (PSKC), which included 1754 mothers across five waves measured at children ages 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 (boys = 51%). Results of Latent Growth Curve Modeling (LGCM) revealed that, on average, maternal parenting stress decreased over time, but there were significant variabilities in the initial levels at age 3 and changes across early through middle childhood. High initial levels of stress and an increase in maternal parenting stress over time were associated with lower executive function at age 7 in planning-organizing and attention concentration. An increment in maternal parenting stress over time was related to poorer school adjustment at age 7, measured by classroom behavior, positive approach to learning, and child-peer and child-teacher relationships. These findings support cultural commonality and may contribute to the instantiation of culturally universal, early preventions and interventions to support mothers’ mental health. Efforts aimed at reducing maternal parenting stress early in development may promote better long-term developmental outcomes, including executive functioning and school adjustment of children in their first year of elementary school.     

长江中游城市群绿色发展效率时空演变轨迹及特征研究

绿色发展承载着人们对美好生活的期许,是经济社会永续发展的必要条件。文章以超效率SBM模型测算长江中游城市群2010—2020年的绿色发展效率,运用核密度估计模型、重心模型揭示其时空演进特征。结果表明:(1)长江中游城市群绿色发展效率呈先降后升的浅"V"型趋势,分地区看,武汉城市圈、环长株潭城市群、环鄱阳湖城市群绿色发展效率均出现不同程度的增长;(2)核密度曲线由左侧"单峰"分布逐渐转向"M"型双峰分布,高低值各自聚集的"俱乐部收敛"现象显现;(3)绿色发展效率重心逐渐向长江中游城市群西部地区迁移,经度变化范围大于纬度变化范围,波动范围随时间迁移均愈发扩大,东西区域不平衡性较为突出。鉴于此,文章提出因地制宜推进绿色发展、畅通区域之间协调联动、树牢绿色发展理念等政策建议,以助推长江中游城市群实现绿色发展转型。