苏北农村中学音乐教育现状调查

我国农村中学音乐教育底子薄,长期以来在应试教育的冲击下未能引起重视。本文以江苏苏北地区的部分农村中学为调查对象,对其音乐教育现状进行了考察,通过对调查结果的统计分析来揭示存在的问题,并提出相应的对策。     

新建本科院校如何培养高素质应用型人才——以佛山科学技术学院为例

新建本科院校的地方性、应用性、大众性、过渡性等特征使其培养高素质应用型人才成为一个长期、艰苦的系统工程。佛山科学技术学院升格本科10余年来,以建设合格、有特色的本科院校为发展目标,以地方性、应用型为基本着力点,不断夯实办学基础,强化学生实践创新能力培养,积极推进从专科教育向本科教育的转变、从实用人才向应用人才培养的转型,学校的办学实力日益增强,人才培养特色日渐彰显。     

进口贸易引致的消费者福利研究进展与高质量发展的启示

为研究进口贸易与新时代中国经济高质量发展之间的内在关系，基于进口贸易、消费者福利等相关文献，对其研究视角、逻辑思路、经验方法以及相应结论等进行系统梳理和归纳。研究认为，目前进口贸易引致消费者福利的研究基本沿着进口产品价格、产品种类以及产品质量的思路不断推进，但是在细化消费者定义、明晰理论机制、完善机制传导链条等方面还需要继续深化研究；基于此，提出进口贸易引致的消费者福利方面是值得进一步拓展研究的方向，中国新时代高水平对外开放也需要有更加多样化的产品进口，在进口贸易理论与传导链条等方面深度挖掘消费者福利增长的机制，推动中国经济实现持续高质量发展。     

The Impact of Measurement Error on Principal Component Analysis

We investigate the effect of measurement error on principal component analysis in the high‐dimensional setting. The effects of random, additive errors are characterized by the expectation and variance of the changes in the eigenvalues and eigenvectors. The results show that the impact of uncorrelated measurement error on the principal component scores is mainly in terms of increased variability and not bias. In practice, the error‐induced increase in variability is small compared with the original variability for the components corresponding to the largest eigenvalues. This suggests that the impact will be negligible when these component scores are used in classification and regression or for visualizing data. However, the measurement error will contribute to a large variability in component loadings, relative to the loading values, such that interpretation based on the loadings can be difficult. The results are illustrated by simulating additive Gaussian measurement error in microarray expression data from cancer tumours and control tissues.     

A New Model for Multivariate Markov Chains

We propose a new model for multivariate Markov chains of order one or higher on the basis of the mixture transition distribution (MTD) model. We call it the MTD‐Probit. The proposed model presents two attractive features: it is completely free of constraints, thereby facilitating the estimation procedure, and it is more precise at estimating the transition probabilities of a multivariate or higher‐order Markov chain than the standard MTD model.     

Academic Engagement and Achievement Predict Career Adaptability

Abundant evidence indicates that personality, social, cultural, and contextual factors predict career adaptability. However, little research attends to the roles of academic engagement and achievement in career adaptability, especially in non‐Western cultural contexts. We examined the associations of perceived academic engagement dimensions (i.e., behavioral and emotional engagement) and academic achievement with facets of career adaptability among 324 Filipino high school students. Results of hierarchical regression analyses demonstrate that, after controlling for age and gender, behavioral engagement served as the strongest predictor of concern, curiosity, confidence, and control. In addition, perceived academic achievement was the weakest predictor of career adaptability dimensions. Our findings underscore the benefits of integrating active involvement in school‐related tasks to foster career adaptability in high school student populations.     

Applying utilization-focused evaluation to high school hazing prevention: A pilot intervention

Researchers argue that hazing can contribute to an abusive school climate and interfere with a positive learning environment for students. National efforts exist for establishing policies, protocols, evaluation, and education for students, administrators, and staff to prevent hazing at the college level, but this work has yet to be applied broadly in a high school context. In response to this gap, researchers implemented a pilot project at two high schools in Maine that consisted of hazing prevention training and assessment. This paper discusses the design, methods, and lessons learned through this collaborative, utilization-focused, and mixed-method training and evaluation with school personnel and high school student participants.     

甜樱桃在四川温湿生态条件下早结丰产技术研究

对甜樱桃品种－红灯采用了叶面喷施植物生长调节剂多效唑、矮壮素，应用了摘心并抹除副梢、拉枝结合拿枝、断根等控长促花措施，进行了激素保果，人工授粉试验。结果表明：多效唑200×10－6以上的浓度能明显抑制新梢生长，第2年形成短枝，分化花芽，且有部分长果枝试花结果，第3年进入初果期，但1000×10－6以上浓度抑制作用过强，第2年乃至第3年都抽不出梢来，适宜浓度为200×10－6～500×10－6；矮壮素抑制效果差，浓度达到6000×10－6有一定抑制效应；拉枝结合拿枝对控制树高、扩展树冠，控制新梢生长，促进侧枝形成效果较好。摘心并抹除副梢，断根等控制效果较差。用赤霉素50×10－6、100×10－6、200×10－6涂幼果果柄，保果效应明显，成果率分别达到31．40％，36．30％和48．10％；细胞激动素效果不佳。用13－38品种的花粉给红灯授粉，座果率显著提高，达到25．37％；用大紫授粉也有良好的效果，达到22．07％。     

硫沉积气藏产量递减模型研究

以往对高含硫气藏开发技术研究所需录取的资料在实际操作过程中难以得到。因此，针对井筒附近发生硫沉积的高含硫气藏，建立了硫沉积复合气藏产量递减数学模型，运用 Stefest 数值反演绘制了 Blasingame 产量递减曲线，并分析了硫沉积对气井产量递减规律的影响。结果表明：产量递减中期，硫沉积区含硫饱和度越高，无因次递减产量积分“导数”曲线下凹越深，当含硫饱和度增大到 0.5 时，积分“导数”曲线下凹至最深，积分“导数”达最小值；硫沉积半径越小，无因次递减产量平缓段出现的时间越早；产量递减后期，无因次递减产量积分与积分“导数”曲线晚期为一条斜率为–1 的直线，表现为调和递减。该方法比压力恢复试井法更具优越性，可为高含硫气藏的开发提供指导。     

The Bayesian approach for highly reliable electro-explosive devices using one-shot device testing

Due to the high reliability and high testing cost of electro-explosive devices, even though an accelerated test is performed, one may observe very few failures or even no failures at all due to censoring. In this paper, we consider modelling the reliability of such devices by an exponential lifetime distribution in which the failure rate is assumed to be a function of some covariates and that the observed data are binary. The Bayesian approach, with three different prior settings, is used to develop inference on the failure rate, lifetime and the reliability under some settings. A Monte Carlo simulation study is carried out to show that this approach is quite useful and suitable for analysing data of the considered form, especially when the failure rates are very small. Finally, illustrative data are analysed using this approach.