Premarital Cohabitation and Housework: Couples in Cross‐National Perspective

The authors examine the effect of premarital cohabitation on the division of household labor in 22 countries. First, women do more routine housework than men in all countries. Second, married couples that cohabited before marriage have a more equal division of housework. Third, national cohabitation rates have equalizing effects on couples regardless of their own cohabitation experience. However, the influence of cohabitation rates is only observed in countries with higher levels of overall gender equality. The authors conclude that the trend toward increasing cohabitation may be part of a broader social trend toward a more egalitarian division of housework.     

浅谈时政新闻出新意

时政新闻 ,即关于时事、政治方面的新闻报道。其突出特点是 :题材重大 ,参与者层次高 ,场面隆重、盛大、严肃。采、拍、编人员要把握住其特点 ,抓住采访工作的各个环节 ,充分发挥电视媒体的特长 ,即选择好的细节 ,合理地增加长镜头的运用 ,注重同期声的录制 ,时政新闻是可以出好新闻的     

英文段落的推展模式及内部衔接机制初探

从篇章语言学的角度看 ,英文段落依层级的概括性推展 ,并呈典型的直线性发展模式。英文作者主要利用词汇相等链、链式结构和编列结构衔接段中各语句来推展段落 ,从而使段落具有交际功能。英文语篇结构模式对英文习得者来说具有实际指导意义     

A Comparison of Partially Adaptive and Reweighted Least Squares Estimation

The small sample performance of least median of squares, reweighted least squares, least squares, least absolute deviations, and three partially adaptive estimators are compared using Monte Carlo simulations. Two data problems are addressed in the paper: (1) data generated from non-normal error distributions and (2) contaminated data. Breakdown plots are used to investigate the sensitivity of partially adaptive estimators to data contamination relative to RLS. One partially adaptive estimator performs especially well when the errors are skewed, while another partially adaptive estimator and RLS perform particularly well when the errors are extremely leptokur-totic. In comparison with RLS, partially adaptive estimators are only moderately effective in resisting data contamination; however, they outperform least squares and least absolute deviation estimators.     

Sources of family violence

This paper suggests a direction for the exploration of the causes of family violence. Explanatory models of family violence were considered in this regard, with the recommendation that a multi-determined model should be considered to ensure the most accurate explanation. We suggest that family violence will be best understood and prevented or alleviated, if a model is used that considers the interaction of structural violence and the personality features of all the family members.     

Theoretical consideration of effect of fishing mortality on growth and reproduction of fish populations

Summary An increase in fish mortality due to fishing can theoretically change the growth and reproduction of fish populations from the viewpoint of adaptation. We address the issue of how an iteroparous fish should convert surplus energy into somatic growth and reproduction at each age under given conditions of mortality. A model of life history, which maximizes the net reproductive rate using the discrete maximum principle, is improved employing a new relationship between body weight and surplus energy which we have recently proposed. The model is applied to the North Sea plaicePleuronectes platessa, for which it has been reported that the average length of young fish had increased whereas that of old ones had decreased for some decades. Although the model cannot directly explain the former phenomenon, the two phenomena can be interpreted as a change in the optimal life history due mainly to an increase in mortality.     

论"入世"后的职务犯罪及其防治

我国“入世” ,经济运行环境和行政管理模式将发生变化。关税减让、政务公开 ,减少了职务犯罪的机会 ;贸易自由、审批权集中 ,增大了职务犯罪的可能性。减少由“入世”给防治职务犯罪带来的消极影响 ,其根本措施仍是继续坚持“教育是基础 ,法制是保障 ,监督是关键”的方针 ,打防结合 ,标本兼治     

Contre-exemple au théorème de P.C. Consul sur la factorisation des distributions de Poisson généralisées

This note exhibits two independent random variables on integers, X₁ and X₂, such that neither X₁ nor X₂ has a generalized Poisson distribution, but X₁ + X₂ has. This contradicts statements made by Professor Consul in his recent book.     

Couple Attitudes and Agreement Regarding Pregnancy Wantedness in the Philippines

We compare husbands' and wives' views of the wantedness of their most recent pregnancy in the Philippines, a country where relatively high levels of unintended fertility persist. This research is an extension of earlier work that looked separately at individual men's and women's responses. We analyze survey data for 369 couples and find that those most at risk of experiencing a pregnancy that neither spouse wanted tended to be higher parity couples, those who were more fatalistic, those who were practicing Catholics who attended religious services frequently, and those among whom the husband was the sole breadwinner. Higher parity women and older women were also more apt to experience a pregnancy that was wanted by only 1 spouse. Women who had difficulty discussing sexual matters with their husbands were more likely than other women to have a pregnancy that their husbands wanted but they did not.