Unobservable Investment and the Hold‐Up Problem

We study a two‐person bargaining problem in which the buyer may invest and increase his valuation of the object before bargaining. We show that if all offers are made by the seller and the time between offers is small, then the buyer invests efficiently and the seller extracts all of the surplus. Hence, bargaining with frequently repeated offers remedies the hold‐up problem even when the agent who makes the relation‐specific investment has no bargaining power and contracting is not possible. We consider alternative formulations with uncertain gains from trade or two‐sided investment.     

普通高校开设趣味田径课程的研究

深刻分析了目前普通高校田径课存在的问题,阐述了趣味田径运动的发展趋势以及在普通高校开设趣味田径课程的必要性和可行性.并对趣味田径运动的价值、特点、分类以及创编原则进行了探析.     

清明节诗歌中的民俗文化意蕴及其价值

清明节风俗活动的描写是我国古典诗歌中的一个重要题材,它不仅丰富了我国诗歌的内容,更重要的是因为其包含了多姿多彩的民俗事象,诸如游览登高、祭祖访友、思亲怀人等,从而为我们揭示了独特的节日文化内涵,成为我们继承和发扬优秀传统文化的一个重要窗口。