Europeanisation and the Youth Guarantee: The case of France

In 2013, the European Council approved the Youth Guarantee (YG) to counteract youth unemployment. Because of its specific features, the YG is useful for understanding whether the EU has triggered policy change in national youth unemployment policies. Contrary to most of the literature on similar topics, we focused in this study on the effect of this specific European measure rather than on broader EU strategies or policies. The study contributes to the literature by qualifying the degree of fit/misfit and suggesting a counterfactual analysis, using the case of France. We first situate the article within the broader Europeanisation debate and present our research design. The second section introduces the policy structure of the YG and investigates youth unemployment policy in France, prior to and after the European initiative. The third section discusses whether the French youth unemployment policy would have been developed in the same way without the YG. A final section concludes.     

The impact of the European Youth Guarantee on active labour market policies: A convergence analysis

The European Union’s (EU) Youth Guarantee aims to improve the labour market situation of young people. Rather than prescribing a uniform policy model, it acknowledges that supportive measures need to align with national, regional and local circumstances. It thus seeks to promote mutual policy learning through the open method of coordination. As an innovative measure, the EU has deployed funding programmes to support the domestic measures related to the Youth Guarantee. We therefore examined in this study whether this mix of recommendations and financial incentives has entailed a convergence of member state policies. Our analysis of policy outputs for the period 2007?2014 yields a mixed empirical picture. There is catching‐up convergence regarding policies’ sectoral coverage but increasing divergence concerning the number of adopted policy instruments. The first two years of financial incentives did not produce any effect on enhancing policy experimentation among less active member states. We offer an optimistic and a pessimistic interpretation of these findings.     

超级网络平台限制交易行为的反垄断规制

从“3Q大战”“3百大战”到天猫京东“二选一”事件,超级网络平台实施限制交易行为的现象越演越烈,也成为当前互联网领域的反垄断难题。我国反垄断法律法规在对网络空间的相关市场及市场支配地位的认定上存在适用困境,超级网络平台滥用市场支配地位的行为无法被认定且无法有效规制的现象长期存在。为规范超级网络平台的经营行为,应当调整《反垄断法》关于相关市场与市场支配地位的认定规则,将反垄断案件纳入公益诉讼范围,采取国家诉讼和私人诉讼并行的双重诉讼机制,减轻原告举证责任负担,同时将《反垄断法》与《电子商务法》衔接适用。     

货币政策的债券市场传导机制——对利率的预期渠道

从对利率预期的角度探讨债券市场在货币政策传导到实体经济过程中的作用十分重要,将该传导机制细分为两个阶段:货币政策对债券市场的影响和债券市场对实体经济的影响,经理论建模和实证发现:两阶段的传导都非常有效,货币政策的债券市场传导机制确实存在。将两阶段结合起来看债券市场的传导效果,发现存贷款基准利率、法定存款准备金率及公开市场操作利率等货币政策工具能够对经济增长和通胀水平产生显著影响。实证结果还表明:在货币政策的实施过程中应当充分挖掘收益率曲线中包含的信息;央行的货币政策遵循了逆周期的原则,很好地熨平了经济的异常波动;应当提高货币政策体制的可信度和透明度,形成稳定的长期利率目标。     

Can Quasi‐market and Multi‐level Governance Co‐exist? Insights from the Case of Lombardy's Employment Services System

This article explores the functioning of Lombardy's networked employment services system, inspired by quasi‐market and horizontal subsidiarity principles, and specifically addresses a gap in the quasi‐market literature, where little attention is devoted to the role played by institutions at lower levels of government. A qualitative study of the Lombardy system, with a focus on the municipality of Milan, is relied upon in order to explore the extent to which the principles of quasi‐market and multi‐level governance pursued by the regional government are allowed to co‐exist in practice. Here, sub‐regional levels of government are directly involved in services provision, but enjoy a more privileged condition relative to the private providers, thereby jeopardizing the implementation of an effective quasi‐market. The article contributes to existing theories by suggesting that horizontal subsidiarity and marketization cannot neglect multi‐level governance in those sectors where public bodies at various levels of government are directly involved in implementation.     

中国电力产业市场化改革效果的实证研究

中国正处于电力产业市场化改革的关键阶段。中国电力产业市场化改革不仅仅是要引入竞争,而是要以此为基础,借助市场的力量既解决电力发展当中的效率问题,还要解决电力产业发展以及消费者福利等民生问题。因此,文章以此作为评价中国电力产业市场化改革的基点,从发电总量和电价两个方面,用计量经济学的方法对中国电力产业的市场化改革进行了检验,进而对市场化改革的绩效进行客观的评价。     

权力腐败与市场经济陷阱

在中国社会深刻转型过程中,权力腐败成为当前社会生活中一个挥之不去的阴影。对金钱的无限贪欲,使得权钱交易、行贿受贿之风盛行。从经济视角中探寻权力腐败的根源,某种意义上是市场经济对增长无限制追求和对奢侈无限制满足的陷阱。理性地绕开这种陷阱,用信仰有效地控制欲求,是探究遏制权力腐败的理性诉求,也是当前学习实践科学发展观的题中之义。     

青岛市农民专业合作社的发展:现状、问题与对策

近年来,青岛市农民专业合作社快速发展,在运行过程中发挥了重要功能,推动了现代农业发展.当前,还存在着发展空间有限、内部管理欠规范、主动参与市场竞争的动力不足、个别部门政策支持行为不到位等亟待解决的问题.因此,进一步规范和发展农民专业合作社,必须端正发展思想,避免"两个倾向"; 加强宣传教育与培训;加快组织模式创新;进一步完善内部运行机制;强化政府支持行为,营造一个有利于发展的外部环境.     

医疗卫生产业化改革的障碍破解

理论界对于医疗卫生“市场化”和“产业化”尚未形成统一的概念和认识,目前对医疗卫生产业化的提法也比较谨慎。卫生产业的改革和发展是我国社会改革开放和现代化建设的重要组成部分。医疗卫生产业是渐进的,不断调整完善的长期过程,需要从观念上更新、完善相关法律法规及相关政策的支持。     

河北省文化产业视域中的少儿综合素质教育

文化的产业化发展给中国文化教育事业提出了许多值得思考的问题.具有河北文化传统和文化特色的少儿综合素质教育,在河北文化产业发展中居于什么地位?具有何种职能?拥有怎样的发展机遇?本文以文化产业的理论视角,从少儿综合素质教育与文化教育生产力、当代科技、文化资源、文化市场四个方面,初步提出了发展少儿综合素质教育的新思路.