Social Stratification and the Division of Household Labor in Japan: The Effect of Wives' Work on the Division of Labor among Dual-earner Families

Abstract:  This article explores the relationship between social stratification and the division of household labor by examining how the contribution to housework by husbands in dual-earner families varies across the Japanese social stratification structure. First, I review previous studies concerning the determinants of husbands' participation in housework and construct four hypotheses regarding the relative resources explanation, the time constraints explanation, the ideology/sex role explanation, and the alternative manpower explanation. Second, I examine the empirical support for these hypotheses in dual-earner couples and the effect of social stratification on husband's participation in housework, which has not been studied thus far. Third, I investigate the effect of social stratification in more detail. According to the results of TOBIT regressions and other supplementary analyses, the principal findings are as follows:

• 1) 

  the relative resources explanation is not supported;

       

Residual analysis for spatial point processes (with discussion)

Summary.  We define residuals for point process models fitted to spatial point pattern data, and we propose diagnostic plots based on them. The residuals apply to any point process model that has a conditional intensity; the model may exhibit spatial heterogeneity, interpoint interaction and dependence on spatial covariates. Some existing ad hoc methods for model checking (quadrat counts, scan statistic, kernel smoothed intensity and Berman's diagnostic) are recovered as special cases. Diagnostic tools are developed systematically, by using an analogy between our spatial residuals and the usual residuals for (non-spatial) generalized linear models. The conditional intensity λ plays the role of the mean response. This makes it possible to adapt existing knowledge about model validation for generalized linear models to the spatial point process context, giving recommendations for diagnostic plots. A plot of smoothed residuals against spatial location, or against a spatial covariate, is effective in diagnosing spatial trend or co-variate effects. Q – Q -plots of the residuals are effective in diagnosing interpoint interaction.     

对运动竞技中运动心理学的再认识

文章通过分析运动员身体能量和心理能量的关系 ,认为主客观都要求运动员赛前将心理能量和身体能量调控到相对较高点 ,以发挥其最大的竞争力。由于心理技能的训练和发展有赖于各心理技能间的相互发展 ,因此 ,对运动员必须从心理能量有效调控关联的技能训练着手进行心理技能训练     

倡导勤俭自强的消费伦理观--关于合肥地区大学生问卷调查的思考

文章结合学习宣传和贯彻落实《公民道德建设实施纲要》,主要回答为什么必须重视大学生消费伦理观的新变化,大学生消费状况及消费伦理观有哪些新变化,以及正确引导大学生消费伦理观的现实意义。     

建筑节能激励政策的非对称博弈分析

本文探讨了建筑节能领域中政府与房地产商群体之间的非对称博弈问题,分析了该博弈所具有的模仿者动态模型、斯坦克尔伯格模型的特点,并构造了两者关于建筑节能激励政策的非对称博弈模型,最后对双方分别提出了博弈策略建议。     

重视调整投资与消费的关系

西方经济大国的经验和我国发展经济的实践,都证明当前必须调整投资和消费的关系,实践科学的经济发展观。新疆尤其应当重视这个问题,以缩小与全国平均水平的差距。适当降低投资率和提高消费率、降低政府消费的比重、加大对三农的财政支持力度等,应是当前亟须解决的问题。     

离子晶体外表面束缚极化子

本文计及表面光学声子的作用以及像电荷的作用,采用变分方法对一些材料外表面束缚极化子的基态能量和自陷能作了数值计算,并对结果进行了讨论,发现:对于Ⅰ—Ⅶ、Ⅱ—Ⅵ,Ⅲ—Ⅴ化合物的外表面,均可形成稳定的束缚极化子,且由于表面光学声子的作用,使这一杂质态更加稳定。     

Theoretical consideration of effect of fishing mortality on growth and reproduction of fish populations

Summary An increase in fish mortality due to fishing can theoretically change the growth and reproduction of fish populations from the viewpoint of adaptation. We address the issue of how an iteroparous fish should convert surplus energy into somatic growth and reproduction at each age under given conditions of mortality. A model of life history, which maximizes the net reproductive rate using the discrete maximum principle, is improved employing a new relationship between body weight and surplus energy which we have recently proposed. The model is applied to the North Sea plaicePleuronectes platessa, for which it has been reported that the average length of young fish had increased whereas that of old ones had decreased for some decades. Although the model cannot directly explain the former phenomenon, the two phenomena can be interpreted as a change in the optimal life history due mainly to an increase in mortality.     

加快研究与开发新产品策略选择

我国成为WTO成员国之后 ,国内市场竞争加剧 ,企业为了求生存、求发展 ,必须加快研究与开发具有自主知识产权的新产品。在此背景下 ,文章分析了我国企业加快研究与开发新产品的客观原因 ,又分析了我国企业研究与开发新产品的制约因素 ,在此基础上提出我国企业加快研究与开发新产品的策略。其策略主要有 :国有企业要加快改制的步伐 ;企业要组建集团公司 ;企业应加强人才培养工作 ,留住现有人才 ,吸引国内外优秀人才 ;对假冒伪劣产品打防结合 ;改革现行的科研体制 ,使科研与生产相结合 ;企业负责人实行年薪制。除此之外 ,政府应对企业的研究与开发工作予以扶持。     

论绿色消费方式的形成

绿色消费是可持续发展的消费方式,它的形成对人类可持续发展具有重要意义。论文主张从建立可持续发展的消费价值观,建立合理的财富分配秩序,调整经济结构和生产方式,并依靠科技进步和发挥政府的主导作用来促进绿色消费的形成。