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131.
以广州二手交易的596个高层楼盘、3703个交易样本为研究基础,采用特征价格法测度了影响广州市住宅价格的主要因素,它们分别是与商业中心的距离、与山江公园的距离、与地铁的距离、噪音、户型间隔、装修档次、朝向、楼层、楼龄、阳台数量10项因素,并给出了影响因素的隐含价值。  相似文献   
132.
试析发达国家的产业废弃物税收制度   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
近年来,日本等众多发达国家为了鼓励企业参与资源的循环利用,减少生产活动对环境带来的负面影响,普遍开征了产业废弃物税。本文结合日本的具体经验评析了各种类型的产业废弃物税对产业废弃物排放抑制效果的优劣,以期为构筑符合我国的相关税收制度的选择提供指导。  相似文献   
133.
134.
自从党的十八届三中全会提出探索实行官邸制的设想,官邸制一度成为新闻界、学术界关注的热门话题。由于官邸制在我国尚属新鲜事物,官邸制的理论研究严重不足,什么是官邸及官邸制以及实行官邸制对我国官员住房制度改革会产生怎样的意义等问题尚不清晰,而官邸制的制度构建更是一次任重而道远的理论考验,其中官邸的来源、规格、经费管理、适用主体范围以及附属保障措施的构建成为官邸制的核心。探索出完善、科学的官邸制关系到新时期改革的实施乃至成败。  相似文献   
135.
Abstract

The objective of this study was to describe environmental barriers and investigate the nature of accessibility problems in housing among single-living, very old people (N = 1,150) in urban regions in three European countries (Sweden, Germany, Latvia), in a one-year perspective. A specific feature of this study is the explicit conceptual differentiation between environmental barriers and accessibility problems, underlying the presentation of the following results: Environmental barriers were very common, and in all three national samples the 20 most prevalent environmental barriers were found in 77–98% of all dwellings investigated. The magnitudes of accessibility problems were similar among the three samples and did not change over one year, while differences were indicated in the types of environmental barriers generating accessibility problems.  相似文献   
136.
In recent years scholars have identified racial disparities in wealth and home ownership as crucial factors underlying patterns of racial inequality and residential segregation in American metropolitan housing markets. While numerous federal housing policies have been identified as responsible for reinforcing residential segregation and racial inequalities in home ownership, little research has focused on the segregative effects of the Section 235 program. As one component of the 1968 Housing Act, Section 235 was designed to shift the focus of federal housing policy away from dispensing aid to local housing authorities for building public housing to providing direct supply-side subsidies to the private sector to stimulate home ownership for nonwhites and the poor. Archival and census data, government reports and housing analyses, and oral histories and interviews are used to examine the segregative effects of the Section 235 program in Kansas City, Missouri from 1969 through the early 1970s. Findings indicate that while the housing subsidy program allowed a vast majority of participating white families to purchase new housing in suburban areas, most participating African American families purchased existing homes located in racially transitional neighborhoods in the inner city. These findings corroborate recent research showing how the market-centered focus of federal housing policy has impaired the ability of African Americans to accumulate wealth through home ownership and reinforced racially segregative housing patterns.  相似文献   
137.
文章从住房商品化、国家产业政策和“入世”等等方面论述了住宅产业现代化所面临的挑战后,提出了住宅建设适度超前、住宅建设与城市协调发展等今后需要认真研究的几个问题。  相似文献   
138.
Hammitt  James K.  Belsky  Eric S.  Levy  Jonathan I.  Graham  John D. 《Risk analysis》1999,19(6):1037-1058
Residential building codes intended to promote health and safety may produce unintended countervailing risks by adding to the cost of construction. Higher construction costs increase the price of new homes and may increase health and safety risks through income and stock effects. The income effect arises because households that purchase a new home have less income remaining for spending on other goods that contribute to health and safety. The stock effect arises because suppression of new-home construction leads to slower replacement of less safe housing units. These countervailing risks are not presently considered in code debates. We demonstrate the feasibility of estimating the approximate magnitude of countervailing risks by combining the income effect with three relatively well understood and significant home-health risks. We estimate that a code change that increases the nationwide cost of constructing and maintaining homes by $150 (0.1% of the average cost to build a single-family home) would induce offsetting risks yielding between 2 and 60 premature fatalities or, including morbidity effects, between 20 and 800 lost quality-adjusted life years (both discounted at 3%) each year the code provision remains in effect. To provide a net health benefit, the code change would need to reduce risk by at least this amount. Future research should refine these estimates, incorporate quantitative uncertainty analysis, and apply a full risk-tradeoff approach to real-world case studies of proposed code changes.  相似文献   
139.
不动产登记制度在物权法中占有重要的地位。与形式登记主义相比,实质登记主义更有助于发挥不动产登记的功能。在此基础上,应当确认不动产登记的司法性;相应地,不动产登记应当由特定司法机关统一承担;确立完善而全面的不动产登记种类,以充分发挥不动产登记的积极作用。  相似文献   
140.
凯恩斯主义主张通过增税实现收入均等化意义上的公平,供给学派则认为减税能够实现帕累托改进意义上的公平。前者被称之为增税规则公平,后者被称之为减税规则公平。二者虽然都是以资本主义市场经济赖以存在的排他性所有权作为产权基础,但增税规则有损所有权的排他性,两种规则从而有各自不同的效率。  相似文献   
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