老年住宅的市场需求与供给策略--以广州为例

老年住宅市场的形成是我国经济发展、人口政策和社会因素共同作用的结果,也是房地产经济持续发展的一种途径和房地产产业资源优化配置的需要。以广州为例,影响老年宜居住宅需求的主要因素依次为人均可支配收入、人均住宅面积、人口老龄化水平、城市住宅价格、区域经济发展状况等,为释放和满足老年宜居住宅需求,应该形成由政府部门、公共机构、房地产企业、家庭和社区等共同参与的多元化供给主体模式,并构建针对不同消费群体的老年住宅供给体系。     

住房贫困问题是中国城市化的核心问题——基于中国如何跨越“中等收入陷阱”的思考

国际经验表明,只有那些有能力在城市化过程中解决住房贫困问题的国家或地区,才有可能最终实现对"中等收入陷阱"的成功跨越;反之,一个国家或地区则可能长期陷入"中等收入陷阱"的泥潭中不能自拔。中国正处于从中等收入国家向高收入国家跨越的历史性阶段,从工厂集体宿舍、"城中村"、"群租房"等现象中看到中国城市的住房贫困问题存在不断加剧的趋势。如果这种趋势不能从根本上得到扭转,中国将可能步拉美国家后尘,长期挣扎于"中等收入陷阱"的泥潭之中。中国未来城市化的核心,即所谓"人的城市化"的核心,不在于户籍制度的开放,更重要的是解决城市的住房贫困问题。     

重庆市县域商品房价格时空变化特征研究——基于空间统计分析法

以2005—2015年重庆市38个区（县）商品房价格数据为样本,利用空间自相关等空间统计分析方法对重庆市县域商品房价格的空间分布和时空演变特征进行研究。研究结果表明：渝东北地区商品房价格稳定性相对最好,渝西地区次之,渝东南地区再次之,主城区商品房价格稳定性最差;重庆市商品房价格具有较强的空间集聚性,但随着时间的推移,空间集聚性逐渐减弱,商品房价格空间差异逐渐缩小;重庆市商品房价格区域差异呈现明显的空间二元结构,房地产发展热点区域主要集中于主城九区,远郊区县的房地产发展相对缓慢。     

中国大中城市地价对房价影响的实证研究

随着中国市场经济的迅速发展,房地产行业已成为推动国民经济的重要力量,而近年来的高房价现象已引起了全社会的关注。笔者采用2000-2008年中国4个直辖市和西部大中城市为样本,基于Panel Data的无约束模型,并以重庆为例对比分析了地价对房价的影响。研究结果表明:从总体来看,地价对房价的影响具有一致性,但对各个城市而言,还存在着一定的差异。所以,应采取相应的措施以确保房地产市场健康和稳定地发展。     

农户地权诉求视角下农地制度的创新

目前我国农户的地权诉求已经发生了很大的变化,即由地权稳定、自主经营向农地资源的优化配置和高效利用转化。这一变化的内在动力是农户急切希望改变承包地过于细碎化以及改善农业生产经营基本条件。考察我国农地制度的发展史可以发现,我国农地制度变迁的基本逻辑就是农户的地权诉求决定农地制度的发展方向,这一点在当下一些地方的农地制度创新试验和经验中再次得到证明。今后我国农地制度创新必须遵循这一逻辑,根据我国农户地权诉求的变化,实施农户自愿前提下的承包地连片重划,争取国家对承包地重划制度的支持,强化农民集体民主决策制度,地方政府也要给予必要的支持。     

经济适用房小区居民满意度评价——基于上海相关小区的实证分析

以往有关经济适用房的研究主要针对保障性住房制度与思路及对策建议,而对于经济适用房小区居民的满意度很少涉及,导致解决问题的方法总是有所欠缺。从城市居民角度,通过对居住条件、基础设施、公共设施、交通状况等硬件设施,以及居住小区社会秩序、人际关系等诸多因素在内的一系列相关问题进行调查,发现居民对小区发展成果的体验是通过对自身生活质量的感知来实现的,所以居民对小区发展的满意,也就是民众对小区发展中同自身生活相联系的方方面面的满意。由此建立起经济适用房小区居住满意度评价模型。     

Assessing NGO Empowerment in Housing Development Frameworks: Discourse and Practice in the Philippines

Amid the rise of democratization movements since the 1980s, many governments in developing countries have proactively introduced the ideas of decentralization and devolution into the policy arena. In the pursuit of democratic planning processes where civil society is encouraged to be a part of the formal decision-making system, articles advocating the empowerment of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have been included into a series of legislations. This shift was soon reflected in housing development frameworks for the poor, leading to the formulation of a new approach called "enablement." The Philippines' experience for the last two decades follows this line of development. Filipino NGOs are now prescribed as a catalyst to add further dynamism to the improvement of substandard living environments. Empirical findings of this study exemplify that NGO empowerment has been increasingly accelerated by the combination of NGOs' self-endeavors and governments' initiatives. By utilizing the paradigm shift under the enablement approach, NGOs are engaged in the attempt of alliance-formation and network-building to expand their influence. Contrary to ideals, however, NGO empowerment may reveal some adverse effects such as excessive dependency on NGOs and distorted representation by NGOs. Moreover, the professionalization of NGOs is an additional factor which generates hierarchization at the grass-roots level. This study suggests that further research analyze the depth and width to which NGO empowerment has been penetrated in order to precisely capture the processes and consequences resulting in disempowerment.     

Housing interventions for homeless,pregnant/parenting women with addictions: a systematic review

Family homelessness is a growing problem in North America with most of these families headed by single women. Homeless women also experience high rates of pregnancy and addiction (drugs and alcohol). Housing interventions have been identified as key to addressing the complex needs of pregnant/early parenting, homeless women with addictions. The aim of this systematic review is to determine what housing models and programs for this population yield the best outcomes. We systematically searched 10 databases and retrieved eight articles describing four distinct studies that met the inclusion criteria for this review. Overall, improved outcomes were found for all intervention groups with the most recent and rigorous studies favoring models combining Housing First and case management. However, methodological limitations, study quality, and varied outcomes made comparison across studies difficult. Further research must be done in this area using standardized outcomes and rigorous designs to develop evidence-based best practice guidelines to address the unique needs of this population.     

Housing of Seniors in the Czech Republic: Challenges for Social Services

The article focuses on the housing market, the behavior and motivations of senior households to move or to stay in place. Knowing if and why seniors decide to move at retirement is a critical factor for the establishment of social service policies in terms of their structure, location, and provision.

This study uses secondary data based on information about Czech households collected by the Czech Statistical Office (CSO). The data are annually collected via sample surveys of the income and living conditions of households (EU-SILC). The sample covers more than eight thousands of households. Analyzed data cover the period 2007–2012 when the abolishment of rent regulation in the Czech Republic took place. It is hypothesized that an impact like this might increase the willingness to move and reveal the factors which underlie the decisions of particular households.

The results indicated that most Czech households that decided to move during the study period were driven by the increased financial burden of housing. Other factors, including the availability of social services and public utilities within the current location, played only minor roles. It seems that Czech senior households act in a very pragmatic and rational manner when deciding whether to stay in place or move, with the majority of households preferring not to move. Social policies should, therefore, concentrate on providing services for the current locations rather than on the construction of new social housing.     

The role of eviction in veterans’ homelessness recidivism*

Eviction is one of the leading causes of homelessness in the U.S.A. Though permanent supportive housing (PSH) helps participants maintain housing, some still leave due to eviction. This study aimed to determine whether eviction is an important predictor of recidivism and time to return to homelessness for participants exiting PSH. The characteristics and post-exit service use of 2802 Veteran PSH participants were analyzed based on exit reason. A Cox proportional hazards survival analysis modeled risk factors for returning to homelessness within 360 days of exit. Compared with other exiters, evicted Veterans remained in the program for less time, were less likely to be receiving service-connected compensation, and used more services – particularly mental health and substance use services – following their exit, and those who returned to homelessness did so more quickly. Identifying participants who might benefit from more intensive services, project-based housing, or income supports may prevent evictions and subsequent returns to homelessness.