管理技能的因子分析及其对绩效影响的实证研究

本文以在沪三资企业中12家电子制造企业管理人员的有效问卷271份为第一手资料,用因子分析等方法分析了构成这些人员管理技能的四大要素为:领导与激励技能、计划组织与协调技能、决策与创新技能、控制与授权技能;研究的结果表明,并非每项管理技能对提升企业的绩效都起同样的作用。不同绩效企业的管理者对各种管理技能的运用程度是有所不同的。     

网络能力、资源获取与新企业绩效关系实证研究

网络能力是在网络导向驱动下,利用关系技巧和合作技巧进行一系列网络构建和网络管理活动,以实现资源获取目标的能力.在中国转型经济时期,网络能力对于新企业克服资源约束,实现生存和成长具有重要作用.拓展了网络能力的理论内涵,将网络能力划分为网络导向、网络构建和网络管理三个维度,建立了网络能力、资源获取与新创企业绩效关系模型,以322家新企业为样本进行实证分析.研究结果表明,网络导向对网络构建和网络管理具有显著正影响,网络构建和网络管理对知识资源获取和运营资源获取具有正影响,知识资源与新企业绩效显著正相关,知识资源获取对运营资源获取具有正影响.研究结论还表明运营资源对新企业绩效无显著影响,但知识资源可以加强两者之间关系,说明新企业只有具备很强的资源管理能力才能将运营资源转化为企业绩效.     

基于奖惩机制的建筑供应链工期协调优化研究

在研究由业主和建筑商组成的两级建筑供应链的工期协调优化问题时,首先建立了基于网络图的具有资源约束的传统工期费用交换问题的优化模型。针对传统工期优化模型的缺陷,建立了具有固定资源约束的考虑资金时间价值的工期优化模型。然后从供应链角度,考虑供应链成员决策的相互影响,建立了具有柔性资源约束的基于工期奖惩机制的工期协调优化模型。给出了模型的求解算法。最后结合算例对比了不同工期优化下的结果。结果显示,传统工期优化模型的优化结果很难在考虑资金时间价值的模型中实现,但通过奖惩激励可以实现甚至更进一步改进工期优化结果,同时实现项目工期控制目标协调优化和供应链的帕累托改善。     

资本流动、外汇管制与人民币内外价值背离

近年国际资本大量流入我国境内,通过外汇管制渠道提高外汇储备,一方面造成外汇市场供给增加,给人民币带来升值的压力;另一方面,央行经常被动性购入外汇,造成外汇占款增多,在外汇占款日趋成为我国基础货币供应主渠道的情况下,我国货币供应量被动增加,超额货币供应成为推动物价资产价格上涨的资金来源,人民币内外价值日趋出现背离趋势。本文认为,外汇管制使基础货币被动放大,放松管制使汇率波动和波动预期提高,二者合并产生了当前的货币现象。     

Dynamic Assignment of Flexible Service Resources

Resource flexibility is an important tool for firms to better match capacity with demand so as to increase revenues and improve service levels. However, in service contexts that require dynamically deciding whether to accept incoming jobs and what resource to assign to each accepted job, harnessing the benefits of flexibility requires using effective methods for making these operational decisions. Motivated by the resource deployment decisions facing a professional service firm in the workplace training industry, we address the dynamic job acceptance and resource assignment problem for systems with general resource flexibility structure, i.e., with multiple resource types that can each perform different overlapping subsets of job types. We first show that, for systems containing specialized resources for individual job types and a versatile resource type that can perform all job types, the exact policy uses a threshold rule. With more general flexibility structures, since the associated stochastic dynamic program is intractable, we develop and test three optimization‐based approximate policies. Our extensive computational tests show that one of the methods, which we call the Bottleneck Capacity Reservation policy, is remarkably effective in generating near‐optimal solutions over a wide range of problem scenarios. We also consider a model variant that requires dynamic job acceptance decisions but permits deferring resource assignment decisions until the end of the horizon. For this model, we discuss an adaptation of our approximate policy, establish the effectiveness of this policy, and assess the value of postponing assignment decisions.     

创业投资利益分割模型研究:基于创业企业家视角的分析

创业企业对创业企业家的激励是否有效决定着创新的成败。为了研究创业投资中的利益分割问题,从创业过程的特征出发,本文首先分析创业企业家的角色特征,应用间接定价理论和交易效率比较,结合委托-代理模型,构造了基于对创业企业家间接定价的创业企业利益分割的两部动态规划模型,并进一步探讨了债权型和股权型利益分割合约的使用条件和创业企业管理团队的选择问题。研究表明:创业企业家和创业资本家的利益分割合约是基于两部动态规划的优化问题;债权型与股权型合约作为利益分割机制对于创业企业家和资本家的效用取决于各自对未来的预期;只有满足一定条件下,创业企业才倾向于选择能力较高的第三方团队充当企业管理者;在能力同等条件下,创业企业倾向于选择创业企业家充当创业企业的管理者。     

员工导师网络对员工职业生涯成功的影响研究

在梳理了员工导师网络的导师制理论、社会资本理论和职业成功理论后,运用SEM方法对员工导师网络的社会资本,导师网络效益与员工职业成功之间的关系进行了研究.结果表明:员工导师网络的社会资本对导师网络效益有显著影响;导师网络效益水平对员工的薪酬水平、升迁次数和职业满意度有影响,且与职业满意度显著正相关.     

A Literature Review of Organizational Behavior Management Interventions in Human Service Settings from 1990 to 2016

We reviewed the Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis (JABA), Journal of Organizational Behavior Management (JOBM), and Behavior Analysis in Practice (BAP) from 1990 to 2016, to identify articles that evaluated organizational behavior management interventions in a human service setting. Of those articles, 75 articles met the inclusion criteria for the review, 44 from JABA (1990 to 2016), 22 from JOBM (1990 to 2016), and 7 from BAP (2008 to 2016). We categorized each selected article by setting, employee population, client population, assessment, dependent variable, independent variable, and outcome measures. Results from the review are discussed for all three journals. Recommendations are made to broaden the scope of population and dependent variable targets, include more assessments, and include outcome data when applicable.